The correlation between immune subtypes and consensus molecular subtypes in colorectal cancer identifies novel tumour microenvironment profiles, with prognostic and therapeutic implications

Background Solid tumour growth is the consequence of a complex interplay between cancer cells and their microenvironment. Recently, a new global transcriptomic immune classification of solid tumours has identified six immune subtypes (ISs) (C1–C6). Our aim was to specifically characterise ISs in colorectal cancer (CRC) and assess their interplay with the consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs). Methods Clinical and molecular information, including CMSs and ISs, were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (N = 625). Immune cell populations, differential gene expression and gene set enrichment analysis were performed to characterise ISs in the global CRC population by using CMSs. Results Only 5 ISs were identified in CRC, predominantly C1 wound healing (77%) and C2 IFN-γ dominant (17%). CMS1 showed the highest proportion of C2 (53%), whereas C1 was particularly dominant in CMS2 (91%). CMS3 had the highest representation of C3 inflammatory (7%) and C4 lymphocyte depleted ISs (4%), whereas all C6 TGF-β dominant cases belonged to CMS4 (2.3%). Prognostic relevance of ISs in CRC substantially differed from that reported for the global TCGA, and ISs had a greater ability to stratify the prognosis of CRC patients than CMS classification. C2 had higher densities of CD8, CD4 activated, follicular helper T cells, regulatory T cells and neutrophils and the highest M1/M2 polarisation. C2 had a heightened activation of pathways related to the immune system, apoptosis and DNA repair, mTOR signalling and oxidative phosphorylation, whereas C1 was more dependent of metabolic pathways. Conclusions The correlation of IS and CMS allows a more precise categorisation of patients with relevant clinical and biological implications, which may be valuable tools to improve tailored therapeutic interventions in CRC patients.This work was funded by projects DTS15/00157 , PI16/01827 and CIBER-ONC CB16/12/00442 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III ( Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, Spain ) and cofunded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF, European Union), and approved by the Ethics Committee or our Institution. BS is funded by AECC (Spain). MCR is funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and SEOM (Spain) CCP and BRC are funded by CAM (Programa de Empleo Juvenil (YEI)

SIVA UAV: A Case Study for the EMC Analysis of Composite Air Vehicles

[EN] The increased use of carbon-fiber composites in unmanned aerial vehicles is a challenge for their EMC assessment by numerical solvers. For accurate and reliable simulations, numerical procedures should be tested not only for individual components, but also within the framework of complete systems. With this aim, this paper presents a benchmark test case based on experimental measurements coming from direct-current injection tests in the SIVA unmanned air vehicle, reproduced by a numerical finite-difference-time-domain solver that employs a new subgridding scheme to treat lossy composite thin panels. Validation was undertaken by applying the feature selective validation method, which quantifies the agreement between experimental and numerical data.This work was supported by the Projects TEC2013-48414C3-{ 1,2,3}-R, TEC2016-79214-C3-{1,2,3}-R, and TEC2015-68766-REDC (Spanish MINECO, EU FEDER), P12-TIC-1442 (J. de Andalucia, Spain), Alhambra-UGRFDTD (AIRBUS DS), and by the CSIRC alhambra.ugr.es supercomputing center.Cabello, MR.; Fernández, S.; Pous, M.; Pascual-Gil, E.; Angulo, LD.; López, P.; Riu, PJ.... (2017). SIVA UAV: A Case Study for the EMC Analysis of Composite Air Vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility. 59(4):1103-1113. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMC.2017.2648507S1103111359

Tratamientos Psicológicos Empíricamente Apoyados Para Adultos: Una Revisión Selectiva [Evidence-Based Psychological Treatments for Adults: A Selective Review]

Antecedentes: los tratamientos psicológicos han mostrado su efi cacia, efectividad y efi ciencia para el abordaje de los trastornos mentales; no obstante, considerando el conocimiento científi co generado en los últimos años, no se dispone de trabajos de actualización en español sobre cuáles son los tratamientos psicológicos con respaldo empírico. El objetivo fue realizar una revisión selectiva de los principales tratamientos psicológicos empíricamente apoyados para el abordaje de trastornos mentales en personas adultas. Método: se recogen niveles de evidencia y grados de recomendación en función de los criterios propuestos por el Sistema Nacional de Salud de España (en las Guías de Práctica Clínica) para diferentes trastornos psicológicos. Resultados: los resultados sugieren que los tratamientos psicológicos disponen de apoyo empírico para el abordaje de un amplio elenco de trastornos psicológicos. El grado de apoyo empírico oscila de bajo a alto en función del trastorno psicológico analizado. La revisión sugiere que ciertos campos de intervención necesitan una mayor investigación. Conclusiones: a partir de esta revisión selectiva, los profesionales de la psicología podrán disponer de información rigurosa y actualizada que les permita tomar decisiones informadas a la hora de implementar aquellos procedimientos psicoterapéuticos empíricamente fundamentados en función de las características de las personas que demandan ayuda. // Evidence-Based Psychological Treatments for Adults: A Selective Review. Background: Psychological treatments have shown their effi cacy, effectiveness, and effi ciency in dealing with mental disorders. However, considering the scientifi c knowledge generated in recent years, in the Spanish context, there are no updating studies about empirically supported psychological treatments. The main goal was to carry out a selective review of the main empirically supported psychological treatments for mental disorders in adults. Method: Levels of evidence and degrees of recommendation were collected based on the criteria proposed by the Spanish National Health System (Clinical Practice Guidelines) for different psychological disorders. Results: The results indicate that psychological treatments have empirical support for the approach to a wide range of psychological disorders. These levels of empirical evidence gathered range from low to high depending on the psychological disorder analysed. The review indicates the existence of certain fi elds of intervention that need further investigation. Conclusions: Based on this selective review, psychology professionals will be able to have rigorous, up-to-date information that allows them to make informed decisions when implementing empirically based psychotherapeutic procedures based on the characteristics of the people who require help

Endogenous phosphatidylcholine and a long spacer ligand stabilize the lipid-binding groove of CD1b

CD1 proteins present lipid antigens to T cells. The antigens are acquired in the endosomal compartments. This raises the question of how the large hydrophobic CD1 pockets are preserved between the moment of biosynthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum and arrival to the endosomes. To address this issue, the natural ligands associated with a soluble form of human CD1b have been investigated. Using isoelectric focusing, native mass spectrometry and resolving the crystal structure at 1.8 Å resolution, we found that human CD1b is simultaneously associated with endogenous phosphatidylcholine (PC) and a 41–44 carbon atoms-long spacer molecule. The two lipids appear to work in concert to stabilize the CD1b groove, their combined size slightly exceeding the maximal groove capacity. We propose that the spacer serves to prevent binding of ligands with long lipid tails, whereas short-chain lipids might still displace the PC, which is exposed at the groove entrance. The data presented herein explain how the CD1b groove is preserved, and provide a rationale for the in vivo antigen-binding properties of CD1b

SIVA UAV: a case study for the EMC analysis of composite air vehicles

The increased use of carbon-fiber composites in unmanned aerial vehicles is a challenge for their EMC assessment by numerical solvers. For accurate and reliable simulations, numerical procedures should be tested not only for individual components, but also within the framework of complete systems. With this aim, this paper presents a benchmark test case based on experimental measurements coming from direct-current injection tests in the SIVA unmanned air vehicle, reproduced by a numerical finite-difference-time-domain solver that employs a new subgridding scheme to treat lossy composite thin panels. Validation was undertaken by applying the feature selective validation method, which quantifies the agreement between experimental and numerical data