Molestie nel web 2.0: la risposta del diritto civile ai danni ciberbullying

1. VIOLENZA FRA EGUALI: DAL BULLYNG TRADIZIONALE AL CIBERBULLYNG. 1.1 Concezione e caratteristiche del ciberbullying. 1.2.- Concorrenza di fenomeni di bullying tradizionali e cyberbullying. 1.3 Cifre allarmanti del cyberbullyng. 2. CYBERBULLISMO E RESPONSABILITÀ PENALE DEL DELINQUENTE GIOVANILE. 2.1.- Cyberbullismo: Regolazione prevista dal Codice penale spagnolo. 2.2. Responsabilità penale dei minori secondo l'età e le misure adottate (LORPM). 3. REGIMI LEGALI CHE REGOLANO LA RESPONSABILITÀ CIVILE PER DANNI DERIVANTI DAL CYBERBULLISMO. 3.1. Il terzo sistema di responsabilità civile che introduce la LORPM. 3.2 Il ciberbullyng e la responsabilità civile nella giurisdizione penale dei minori sotto l`articolo 61,3 LORPM. 1

Risk factors associated with tongue lesions:a propensity score-matched case-control study

to analyse the potential risk factors of tongue lesions, comparing the results with a control group. An observational, case-control study was designed. The study included a case group comprising 336 patients with tongue lesions and 336 sex and age-matched controls. We recorded tobacco/alcohol habits, presence of dentures, allergies, medical conditions, and medications. Statistical analysis was performed via logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratio (OR) adjusted for gender, age, tobacco, and alcohol using propensity score-matching analysis (PSM). According to the final PSM model, patients with tongue lesions were more likely to suffer from allergies (OR 2.13; 1.27-3.66) or medical conditions (OR 2.14; 1.19-3.85), and more likely to take medication (OR 1.99; 1.11-3.57). Elderly individuals were more prone to hairy tongue (OR 3.82; 1.53-10.47). Smoking was associated with coated tongue (OR 2.05; 1.12-3.63), hairy tongue (OR 3.77; 1.52-9.22) and median rhomboid glossitis (OR 40.49; 5.84-860.43). Allergic individuals were more likely to exhibit sublingual varices (OR 1.73; 1.02-2.88). Medical conditions increased the chances of having coated tongue (OR 2.44; 1.36-4.64) or crenated tongue (OR 2.70; 1.42-5.30). Arterial hypertension was associated with median rhomboid glossitis (OR 5.85; 1.08-34.18). Individuals on medication showed a higher risk of fissured tongue (OR 1.87; 1.20-2.94) and varices (OR 2.42; 1.58-3.80). Agents acting on the alimentary tract and metabolism increased the probability of fissured tongue (OR 2.31; 1.42-3.79). As far as we are aware, this is the first study on lingual pathology to include a PSM analysis. The results suggest that a history of allergies, the presence of medical conditions, and the use of medication are associated with increased probability of tongue lesions. The analysis of diseases and medications by subgroups requires studies matched by habits with larger sample sizes, in order to corroborate our observations

Encuentro e identidad : una indagación sobre la afectación a la seguridad ontológica de los residentes bogotanos en el contexto de la migración venezolana

El encuentro entre dos grupos humanos con características sociales distintas, encuentro entre establecidos y forasteros, puede generar tensiones, resistencias y amenazas en la Seguridad Ontológica; definida como la confianza en la continuidad de la identidad, los entornos sociales y naturales de acción de los individuos, la cual es desarrollada durante todas las etapas de la vida, pero principalmente en la infancia. Así, el problema principal de esta afectación es el desencadenamiento de acciones irracionales y violentas por parte del grupo receptor. En el presente trabajo se entiende a la migración como un fenómeno recurrente que se ha presentado a lo largo de la historia de la humanidad. Se generan reflexiones sobre los campos de la Sociología del Conocimiento y la Sociología de la Moral, y se entiende a los individuos y a la sociedad de manera integrada. Así, se genera una aproximación a la migración de los venezolanos en Bogotá, partiendo de su complejo social y emocional, y entendiendo que las migraciones presentan ciertas regularidades derivadas del enfrentamiento humano. Desde este enfoque de la Sociología, se pretende que el estudio micro de interrelaciones humanas pueda responder a las grandes preguntas de la humanidad que han sido planteadas desde la modernidad hasta la época contemporánea, las cuales se relacionan con los horizontes morales que han guiado y guían a la sociedad. Esta investigación podría dar luces sobre tal acercamiento. En últimas, este recorrido permite profundizar en las respuestas de los bogotanos frente a la migración venezolana, siendo Bogotá la ciudad que más recibe migrantes venezolanos en el mundo, y siendo esta la primera migración masiva de origen externo que enfrenta ColombiaResidentes bogotanosThe encounter between two human groups with different social characteristics, specifically the encounter between established and outsiders, can generate tensions, resistance and threats in Ontological Security; defined as the confidence in the continuity of identity, the social and natural environments of action of individuals, which is developed during all stages of life, but mainly in childhood. Thus, the main problem of this affectation is the unleashing of irrational and violent actions by the receiving group. In this paper, migration is understood as a recurring phenomenon that has been presented throughout the history of mankind. Reflections are generated on the fields of Sociology of Knowledge and the Sociology of Morality, and individuals and society are understood in an integrated manner. Thus, an approach to the migration of Venezuelans in Bogota is generated, based on their social and emotional complex, and understanding that migrations have certain regularities derived from human confrontation. From this approach of Sociology, it is intended that the micro study of human interrelations can answer the great questions of humanity that have been raised from modernity to contemporary times, which are related to the moral horizons that have guided to society This investigation could shed light on such an approach. Ultimately, this route allows deepening the responses of Bogota citizens to Venezuelan migration, with Bogota being the city that receives the most Venezuelan migrants in the world, and this being the first mass migration of external origin facing Colombia.Sociólogo (a)Pregrad

Las figuras de Eva y María en la obra de Quevedo

La autora de este artículo presenta una breve aproximación al estudio del tratamiento que Quevedo confiere a dos de las grandes figuras del cristianismo; a saber, Eva y la Virgen María, en obras no sólo de índole religiosa, sino también moral o política. Partiendo de las Sagradas Escrituras, de las reflexiones que acerca de las mismas llevaron a cabo algunos de los Padres de la Iglesia, cuya influencia en Quevedo ha sido sobradamente documentada, así como de la acogida que dichas mujeres tuvieron en la literatura de las distintas épocas, analizando, por un lado en qué medida las exégesis quevedianas acusan los ecos de la tradición y, por otro, los motivos que indujeron a Quevedo a recrear las vidas de dichas mujeres bíblicas. The author of this article shows a brief approach to Quevedo’s study of the role of the two most important Christian figures: Eve and Virgin Mary, not only in works of religious nature, but also of moral and political nature. Taking into consideration the influence that the Sacred written, some of the Fathers of the Church have on Quevedo and the repercussion that those women had in the Spanish literature in its different decades, the main propose is the analysis of how influential Quevedo’s interpretations about the Holy Bible are for the Spanish tradition. And, on the other, the article analyses the reasons for employing the lives of those biblical women

The application of principal component analysis (PCA) for the study of the spanish tourist demand

P. 43-52The objective of this study is the characterisation of the Spanish autonomous communities as tourist destinations for Spanish trips, based on the activities carried out, using the principal component method. The Spanish tourist is not only motivated by the sun and beach. This paper aims to clarify how Spanish people consider other tourist destinations. We contrast how frequently other types of tourism are valued when choosing their destination within the Spanish geography. Inland tourism, sports tourism, entertainment as well as gastronomy are becoming increasingly important.S

Professional Qualification Programs: an overview on patterns and profiles offered in Region of Murcia

A lo largo de este artículo se abordan algunas cuestiones relacionadas con el Programa de Cualificación Profesional Inicial (PCPI). En el primer y segundo apartado del artículo se realiza una breve caracterización de este programa destinado a alumnos en situación de riesgo de exclusión educativa, así como del escenario educativo en el que se plantea. En el tercero se ofrecen datos sobre los perfiles profesionales de los PCPI que se están desarrollando en la Comunidad de la Región de Murcia (CARM). Tales datos derivan de una investigación más amplia sobre este programa y fueron obtenidos de la página web de la Consejería de Educación, y analizados una vez que se ordenaron y agruparon según modalidades de PCPI, perfiles profesionales, y centros educativos ayuntamientos u otras entidades que los imparten. El análisis realizado pone de manifiesto que no existe un patrón que caracterice la distribución de PCPI según perfiles profesionales. Éstos no se circunscriben a una u otra modalidad de PCPI como tampoco quedan ligados a la actividad económica y empresarial de las zonas en la que se imparten.This article deals with some matters related to the Initial Professional Qualification Program (PCPI). On the first and second section this program targeted to student at risk of educational exclusion is briefly described, as well as the educational scenario where it takes place. On the third section some data on the professional profiles of the PCPI taking place in the Region of Murcia (CARM) are revealed. These data derive from a wider research about this program. They were obtained from those available at the regional Education Ministry (Consejería de Educación) web page and were analyzed once being ordered and classified according to PCPI modalities, professional profiles and secondary schools, town halls or other entities that may impart them. The analysis made shows that there is not a pattern that describes the PCPI distribution according to professional profiles. These are not limited to any PCPI modality as they are not linked to economic and business activity on the places where they are being imparted.Grupo FORCE (HUM-386). Departamento de Didáctica y Organización Escolar de la Universidad de Granada

Dimensions of the Spanish tourist demand: characterization of the autonomous communities according to the motivation of Spanish travelers (2016)

El objetivo de este trabajo es la identificación de las dimensiones que motivan la demanda turística española, según la comunidad autónoma de destino, a partir de los viajes realizados por los viajeros españoles recogidos por la Encuesta de Turismo de Residentes (ETR) para el año 2016, que elabora el Instituto Nacional de Estadística. La naturaleza de los datos requiere el empleo de una metodología estadística apropiada: la técnica factorial denominada Análisis de Correspondencias Simples. Como resultado del análisis se han identificado dimensiones de demanda relacionadas con el ocio: búsqueda de sol y playa; turismo de naturaleza y/o deportivo, y turismo cultural. Y también dimensiones de motivación profesional y personal: motivos profesiones y visita a familiares y amigos. Estas dimensiones permiten distinguir y caracterizar las comunidades autónomas españolas según la demanda turística nacional, analizando también su posicionamiento competitivo relativo en relación con la diversidad y estructuración de su oferta turística. Los resultados obtenidos son punto de partida para otras investigaciones de años posteriores, dado que año analizado es el primero con datos completos según la metodología ETR.The objective of this study is to identify the dimensions that motivate Spanish tourist demand by autonomous community of destination, from the trips as made by Spanish travellers recorded by the Resident Tourism Survey (ETR) for the year 2016, as prepared by the National Statistics Institute. The nature of the data requires the use of appropriate statistical methodology: the factorial technique called Simple Correspon‐ dence Analysis. After this analysis, the dimensions of the demand related to leisure were identified as pursuit of sun and sand; nature and / or sports tourism, and cultural tourism together with professional reasons and personal dimensions of visits to family and friends. These dimensions allow us to characterise each Spanish autonomous community according to national tourism demand, and to analyse their relative competitive posi‐ tion in relation to the diversity and structure of their tourism offer. The results obtained are a starting point for other research in subsequent years, given that the year analysed is the first with complete RTE data

Material flow accounting in Chile, Ecuador, Mexico and Peru (1980-2000)

In this paper we compare the resource flows of Chile, Ecuador, Mexico and Peru between 1980 and 2000. In this time span, the domestic extraction of materials increased in the four countries, mainly due to the mining sector in Chile and Peru, biomass and oil in Ecuador and construction minerals in Mexico. Imports and exports increased too, due to the increasing integration in the international markets, prompted by the liberalization policies undertaken by the four countries between the late 1970s and the late 1990s. The four countries had a negative physical trade balance for most of the period analyzed, meaning that their exports exceeded their imports in terms of weight. However, the increase of imports reduced the physical deficit in Chile, Mexico and Peru. Ecuador’s physical deficit was the highest and did not decrease in the period analyzed. Also, a diversification of exports away from bulk commodities could be observed in Chile and Mexico, and to a lesser extent in Peru, whereas in Ecuador the export sector remained mainly based on oil and biomass. More research is needed to explore the environmental effects of this phenomenon. Also, the indirect flows associated to the direct physical flows deserve to be subject to further analysis.