Creative mathematical activity of the students in the model of differentiated teaching in Russian Federation

In this paper, creative mathematical activities of school pupils in conditions of the differentiated teaching in Russian Federation are described. Various forms of differentiated teaching (internal – level, external – profile) are characterized. Ways of using entertaining problems for detecting and fostering mathematical abilities are revealed. New course of geometry for differentiated teaching is introduced

Estimation of the nonlinear dependence of the indications of a fiber Bragg grating on temperature and strain from experimental data

The readings of the Bragg grating are determined based on the optical radiation reflected from it. A quantitative characteristic of this radiation is the wavelength at which the maximum power of the optical signal is achieved. This characteristic is called the central wavelength of the grating. The central wavelength shift depends on temperature and strain. As a rule, a linear approximation of this dependence is used. However, from the available literature it is known that, the grating wavelength shift demonstrates a strong nonlinear dependence on temperature at 5<T<200K and a weak quadratic dependence close to room temperature. Thus far, the authors have not found studies that consider all terms in the quadratic expansion of the central wavelength of the Bragg grating as a function of temperature and strain at near-room temperatures. Our work is intended to fill this gap. The article describes an experiment in which an optical fiber with Bragg grating was subjected to loading using three different weights. A step-wise temperature change from 5 to 100 0С was realized for each weight. Based on these data, all terms of the quadratic expansion of the desired function are determined. The contribution of each term is estimated

Advances in the Study of Gas Hydrates by Dielectric Spectroscopy

The influence of kinetic hydrate inhibitors on the process of natural gas hydrate nucleation was studied using the method of dielectric spectroscopy. The processes of gas hydrate formation and decomposition were monitored using the temperature dependence of the real component of the dielectric constant ε′(T). Analysis of the relaxation times τ and activation energy ΔE of the dielectric relaxation process revealed the inhibitor was involved in hydrogen bonding and the disruption of the local structures of water molecules.publishedVersio

МЕТОДИКА МІНІМІЗАЦІЇ ВИТРАТ НА ПОБУДОВУ БАГАТОКОНТУРНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ЗАХИСТУ НА ОСНОВІ ГЕНЕТИЧНОГО АЛГОРИТМУ

The article describes the methodology of multi-criteria optimization of costs for the information protection system of the object of informatization. The technique is based on the use of a modified VEGA genetic algorithm. A modified algorithm for solving the MCO problem of parameters of a multi-circuit information protection system of an informatization object is proposed, which makes it possible to substantiate the rational characteristics of the ISS components, taking into account the priority metrics of OBI cybersecurity selected by the expert. In contrast to the existing classical VEGA algorithm, the modified algorithm additionally applies the Pareto principle, as well as a new mechanism for the selection of population specimens. The Pareto principle applies to the best point. At this point, the solution, interpreted as the best, if there is an improvement in one of the cybersecurity metrics, and strictly no worse in another metric (or metrics). The new selection mechanism, in contrast to the traditional one, involves the creation of an intermediate population. The formation of an intermediate population occurs in several stages. At the first stage, the first half of the population is formed based on the metric - the proportion of vulnerabilities of the object of informatization that are eliminated in a timely manner. At the second stage, the second half of the intermediate population is formed based on the metric - the proportion of risks that are unacceptable for the information assets of the informatization object. Further, these parts of the intermediate population are mixed. After mixing, an array of numbers is formed and mixed. At the final stage of selection for crossing, specimens (individuals) will be taken by the number from this array. The numbers are chosen randomly. The effectiveness of this technique has been confirmed by practical resultsУ статті викладена методика багатокритеріальної оптимізації витрат на систему захисту інформації об'єкта інформатизації. Методика базується на застосуванні модифікованого генетичного алгоритму VEGA. Запропоновано модифікований алгоритм рішення задачі БКО параметрів багатоконтурною системи захисту інформації об'єкта інформатизації, який дозволяє обґрунтовувати оптимальні параметри компонентів СЗІ з урахуванням обраних експертом пріоритетних метрик кібербезпеки ОБІ. На відміну від існуючого класичного алгоритму VEGA, в модифікованому алгоритмі додатково застосовані принцип Парето, а також новий механізм селекції примірників популяції. Принцип Парето застосовується для кращої точки. У цій точці рішення, трактуються як найкращі, якщо за однією з метрик кібербезпеки є поліпшення, а по інший метриці (або метриках) буде відповідно не гірше. Новий механізм селекції на відміну від традиційної, передбачає створення проміжної популяції. Формування проміжної популяції відбувається в кілька етапів. На першому етапі перша половина популяції формується на основі метрики - частка вразливостей об'єкта інформатизації, які усунуті в установлені терміни. На другому етапі друга половина проміжної популяції формується на основі метрики - частка ризиків, які неприпустимі для інформаційних активів об'єкта інформатизації. Далі ці частини проміжної популяції змішуються. Після змішування формується масив номерів і виробляється змішування. На заключному етапі селекції для схрещування будуть братися екземпляри (індивіди) за номером з цього масиву. Номери вибираються випадково. Ефективність застосування даної методики підтверджена практичними результатам

Using the Hottest Particles in the Universe to Probe Icy Solar System Worlds

We present results of our Phase 1 NIAC Study to determine the feasibility of developing a competitive, low cost, low power, low mass passive instrument to measure ice depth on outer planet ice moons, such as Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, and Enceladus. Indirect measurements indicate that liquid water oceans are likely present beneath the icy shells of such moons (see e.g.,the JPL press release "The Solar System and Beyond is Awash in Water"), which has important astrobiological implications. Determining the thickness of these ice shells is challenging given spacecraft SWaP (Size, Weight and Power) resources. The current approach uses a suite of instruments, including a high power, massive ice penetrating radar. The instrument under study, called PRIDE (Passive Radio Ice Depth Experiment) exploits a remarkable confluence between methods from the high energy particle physics and the search for extraterrestrial life within the solar system. PRIDE is a passive receiver of a naturally occurring radio frequency (RF) signal generated by interactions of deep penetrating Extremely High Energy (> 10^18 eV) cosmic ray neutrinos. It could measure ice thickness directly, and at a significant savings to spacecraft resources. At RF frequencies the transparency of modeled Europan ice is up to many km, so an RF sensor in orbit can observe neutrino interactions to great depths, and thereby probe the thickness of the ice layer

Modeling of GERDA Phase II data

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) of INFN is searching for neutrinoless double-beta ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay of $^{76}$Ge. The technological challenge of GERDA is to operate in a "background-free" regime in the region of interest (ROI) after analysis cuts for the full 100$\,$kg$\cdot$yr target exposure of the experiment. A careful modeling and decomposition of the full-range energy spectrum is essential to predict the shape and composition of events in the ROI around $Q_{\beta\beta}$ for the $0\nu\beta\beta$ search, to extract a precise measurement of the half-life of the double-beta decay mode with neutrinos ($2\nu\beta\beta$) and in order to identify the location of residual impurities. The latter will permit future experiments to build strategies in order to further lower the background and achieve even better sensitivities. In this article the background decomposition prior to analysis cuts is presented for GERDA Phase II. The background model fit yields a flat spectrum in the ROI with a background index (BI) of $16.04^{+0.78}_{-0.85} \cdot 10^{-3}\,$cts/(kg$\cdot$keV$\cdot$yr) for the enriched BEGe data set and $14.68^{+0.47}_{-0.52} \cdot 10^{-3}\,$cts/(kg$\cdot$keV$\cdot$yr) for the enriched coaxial data set. These values are similar to the one of Gerda Phase I despite a much larger number of detectors and hence radioactive hardware components

Modeling of GERDA Phase II data

The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) experiment at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) of INFN is searching for neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay of 76Ge. The technological challenge of Gerda is to operate in a “background-free” regime in the region of interest (ROI) after analysis cuts for the full 100 kg·yr target exposure of the experiment. A careful modeling and decomposition of the full-range energy spectrum is essential to predict the shape and composition of events in the ROI around Qββ for the 0νββ search, to extract a precise measurement of the half-life of the double-beta decay mode with neutrinos (2νββ) and in order to identify the location of residual impurities. The latter will permit future experiments to build strategies in order to further lower the background and achieve even better sensitivities. In this article the background decomposition prior to analysis cuts is presented for Gerda Phase II. The background model fit yields a flat spectrum in the ROI with a background index (BI) of 16.04+0.78−0.85⋅10−3 cts/(keV·kg·yr) for the enriched BEGe data set and 14.68+0.47−0.52⋅10−3 cts/(keV·kg·yr) for the enriched coaxial data set. These values are similar to the one of Phase I despite a much larger number of detectors and hence radioactive hardware components

Creative mathematical activity of the students in the model of differentiated teaching in Russian Federation

In this paper, creative mathematical activities of school pupils in conditions of the differentiated teaching in Russian Federation are described. Various forms of differentiated teaching (internal – level, external – profile) are characterized. Ways of using entertaining problems for detecting and fostering mathematical abilities are revealed. New course of geometry for differentiated teaching is introduced

Creative mathematical activity of the students in the model of differentiated teaching in Russian Federation

In this paper, creative mathematical activities of school pupils in conditions of the differentiated teaching in Russian Federation are described. Various forms of differentiated teaching (internal – level, external – profile) are characterized. Ways of using entertaining problems for detecting and fostering mathematical abilities are revealed. New course of geometry for differentiated teaching is introduced

Methodology for making decisions in managing commercial real estate

The purpose of this paper is to develop guidelines for the formation and implementation of a decision-making mechanism for managing commercial real estate. As a result of the study, the current trends in the development of the real estate market are revealed, the methods and established practice of the activities of management companies are analyzed, the analysis of theoretical approaches to the management of commercial real estate is carried out. On the basis of theoretical and methodological principles and the specifics of the analyzed area of research, methodological recommendations are proposed for the formation of a mechanism for managing commercial real estate, including a method for assessing their investment attractiveness