Criterios básicos para definir um tratamento médico ou cirúrgico na Síndrome Abdominal Aguda em Equinos

Colic in horses is a common abdominal condition that can range in severity from mild to life-threatening. Determining whether or not a colic is surgical is essential to making appropriate treatment decisions. The basic criteria to assess whether colic in horses is surgical or not include assessment of the degree of pain, physiological signs, assessment of the mucous membranes, digital rectal examination, intestinal sounds on auscultation, response to NSAIDs, abdominal ultrasound results, and patient evolution time, among others. In general, surgical cramps are usually associated with mechanical processes such as intestinal obstructions, torsions or hernias, which require surgical intervention for correction. On the other hand, non-surgical cramps can be due to less serious problems, such as intestinal spasms or digestive irritations, which can often be treated with medications and conservative therapies. It is important to note that colic in horses is a medical emergency, and any suspicion of colic should be treated as a serious situation and requires immediate veterinary attention.Los cólicos en caballos son una afección abdominal común que puede variar en gravedad, desde leves hasta potencialmente mortales. Determinar si un cólico es quirúrgico o no es esencial para tomar decisiones adecuadas de tratamiento. Los criterios básicos para evaluar si un cólico en caballos es quirúrgico o no incluyen la evaluación del grado de dolor, las constantes fisiológicas, la evaluación de las mucosas, el tacto rectal, los sonidos intestinales a la auscultación, la respuesta a los aines, los resultados de la ecografía abdominal y el tiempo de evolución del paciente entre otros. En general, los cólicos quirúrgicos suelen estar asociados a procesos mecánicos como por ejemplo obstrucciones intestinales, torsiones o hernias, que requieren intervención quirúrgica para su corrección. Por otro lado, los cólicos no quirúrgicos pueden deberse a problemas menos graves, como espasmos intestinales o irritaciones digestivas, que a menudo pueden tratarse con medicamentos y terapias conservadoras. Es importante destacar que los cólicos en caballos son una emergencia médica, y cualquier sospecha de cólico debe ser tratada como una situación seria y requiere una atención veterinaria inmediata.A cólica em cavalos é uma condição abdominal comum que pode variar em gravidade de leve a risco de vida. Determinar se uma cólica é ou não cirúrgica é essencial para tomar decisões de tratamento adequadas. Os critérios básicos para avaliar se a cólica em equinos é cirúrgica ou não incluem avaliação do grau de dor, sinais fisiológicos, avaliação das mucosas, toque retal, ruídos intestinais à ausculta, resposta aos AINES, resultado da ultrassonografia abdominal, tempo de evolução do paciente, entre outros. Em geral, as cólicas cirúrgicas costumam estar associadas a processos mecânicos como obstruções intestinais, torções ou hérnias, que requerem intervenção cirúrgica para correção. Por outro lado, as cólicas não cirúrgicas podem ser devidas a problemas menos graves, como espasmos intestinais ou irritações digestivas, que muitas vezes podem ser tratadas com medicamentos e terapias conservadoras. É importante ressaltar que a cólica em equinos é uma emergência médica, e qualquer suspeita de cólica deve ser tratada como uma situação grave e requer atenção veterinária imediata

Theoretical characterization of several models of nanoporous carbon

"Elastic, electronic and vibrational properties of seven models of nanoporous carbon are reported. The studied structures are periodic graphitic arrangements with heptagonal and octagonal rings of carbon, known as Schwarzites. The calculations were performed within a non-orthogonal tight binding framework which has been shown to be reliable for diamond, graphene layers, fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. In contrast with previous studies, each structure was properly relaxed, so that differences between each model must be assigned to intrinsic properties rather than to differences in their construction. Thermodynamic properties were calculated from the vibrational density of states.

El liderazgo y su relación con el Modelo de Valores en Competencia

This research is an analysis of 771 companies in the central region of Mexico, where the possible link between quadrants of the Model of Competing Values (MVC) of Cameron and Quinn (2006) is reviewed, and leadership styles related to these quadrants, as the work performed by Hernández (2008), Hernández and Fernández (2008) and Hernández and Andrade (2011), and appropriateness by Méndez (2008) and Méndez and col. (2012). The kind of leadership is linked to the competing values model so that the clan quadrant is related to a collaborative orientation, a kind of facilitator leader, mentor, and team builder. The display hierarchy has a controlling orientation, with a kind of coordinator leader, monitor, and organizer. Competition quadrant has a competitive orientation, with a strong leader, competitor and producer. Adhocracy quadrant has a creative orientation, with an innovative, entrepreneurial and visionary leader. With the results we can conclude that, although it was not possible to generalize the type of leadership in companies evaluated, at the micro level (department, division, group work, etc.) are possible analysis to define their culture and through it determine the type of leadership exercised by managers and / or executives.La presente investigación corresponde a un análisis de 771 empresas de la región centro de México, en la cual se revisa la posible vinculación entre los cuadrantes del Modelo de Valores en Competencia (MVC) de Cameron y Quinn (2006), y los estilos de liderazgo relacionados con estos cuadrantes, conforme a los trabajos realizados por Hernández (2008), Hernández y Fernández (2008) y Hernández y Andrade (2011), y la adecuación realizada por Méndez (2008) y Méndez y col. (2012). Se vincula el tipo de liderazgo con el modelo de valores en competencia, de tal forma que el cuadrante de clan queda relacionado con una orientación colaborativa, un tipo de líder facilitador, mentor, constructor de equipo. El cuadrante de jerarquía tiene una orientación controladora, con un tipo de líder coordinador, monitor, organizador. El cuadrante de competencia tiene una orientación competitiva, con un líder fuerte, competidor y productor. El cuadrante de adhocracia tiene una orientación creativa, con un líder innovador, emprendedor y visionario. Con los resultados obtenidos es posible concluir que si bien no fue posible generalizar el tipo de liderazgo en las empresas evaluadas, a nivel micro (departamento, división, grupo de trabajo, etc.) es posible realizar análisis que permitan definir su cultura y a través de ella determinar el tipo de liderazgo que ejercen los gerentes y/o directivos

CICLO REPRODUCTIVO Y DINÁMICA FOLICULAR EN GANADO Bos indicus

El ciclo estral es el conjunto de acontecimientos fisiológicos que se producen en el ovario, a intervalos de tiempo cíclicos, como consecuencia de las variaciones en los niveles hormonales. Se han realizado varios trabajos tanto en ganado Bos taurus como en Bos indicus usando la ultrasonografía para evaluar los ciclos asociados a la reproducción tanto en vacas como en novillas bajo diferentes condiciones en donde se ha estado estableciendo las diversas diferencias entre estos dos tipos de ganado bovino. En el bovino, el ciclo estral tiene una duración media de 21 días considerándose normal un intervalo entre los 18 y 24 días. En el transcurso del ciclo, los ovarios sufren una serie de cambios que finalizan con la ovulación y la expulsión de un oocito capacitado para ser fertilizado por un espermatozoide y soportar el desarrollo embrionario temprano. Estos cambios están regulados por hormonas provenientes del hipotálamo, hipófisis, ovarios y útero. La presente revisión de literatura pretende ahondar en el tema a partir del acervo bibliográfico disponible

Caracterização dos parâmetros bioquímicos das transaminases hepáticas (AST, GGT, fosfatase alcalina e proteínas plasmáticas totais) de cavalos de carruagem em Florencia, Caquetá

The department of Caquetá has 63,666 horses, which 439 of them are in Florencia's municipality. They are dedicated to working as driver horses, as this work is the economic support of many families in the country. This research study's objective was to determine the biochemical reference parameters for liver transaminases (Aspartate aminotransferase, Gamma-glutamyltransferase, Alkaline phosphatase, and total plasma proteins) of horses traction from municipality of Florencia, Caquetá. The Veterinary Clinical Laboratory of the Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics program of Amazonia's university collected 79 blood samples. These samples belonged to 23 female equines and 56 male equines. This study used descriptive analysis of each of the variables through central tendency (mean and median). Subsequently, the comparative t-test was applied for means of two paired samples between females and males equines. The reference value and standard deviation (SD) of each of the variables were (AST: 217.1 ± 47.07; GGT: 11.7 ± 3.09; ALP: 293.2 ± 108.05; TPP: 72.7 ± 7.45). Finally, the researchers did not find significant differences (P> 0.05) between females and males. The values generated in this study can be considered as a reference for the driver horse of Florencia municipality, and they are a sample of the equines' physiological and environmental conditions.El departamento del Caquetá cuenta con 63.666 equinos, de los cuales 439 semovientes se encuentran en el municipio de Florencia dedicados al trabajo como caballos cocheros, pues este trabajo significa el sustento económico de muchas familias. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar los parámetros bioquímicos de referencia para las transaminasas hepáticas (Aspartato Aminotransferasa, Gamma Glutamil Transferasa, Fosfatasa Alcalina y Proteínas Plasmáticas Totales) de los caballos cocheros del municipio de Florencia Caquetá. El Laboratorio Clínico Veterinario del programa de Medicina Veterinaria yZootecnia de la Universidad de la Amazonia, colectó 79 muestras sanguíneas, de las cuales 23 pertenecían a equinos hembras y 56 a equinos machos. Se realizó análisis descriptivo de cada una de las variables, mediante las medidas de tendencia central (media y mediana). Posteriormente, se aplicó la prueba comparativa t para medias de dos muestras emparejadas entre hembras y machos. El valor de referencia y desviación estándar de cada una de las variables fue (AST: 217,1 ± 47,07; GGT: 11,7 ± 3,09; FA: 293,2 ± 108,05; PPT: 72,7 ± 7,45). Por consiguiente, No se encontró diferencias estadísticamente significativas (P>0.05) entre hembras y machos. Los valores generados en el presente estudio pueden ser considerados como referencia para el caballo cochero del municipio de Florencia, Caquetá y son una muestra de las condiciones fisiológicas y ambientales de los equinos.O departamento de Caquetá possui 63.666 equídeos, dos quais 439 animais estão no município de Florencia dedicados a trabalhar como cavalos de carruagem, já que este trabalho significa o sustento econômico de muitas famílias. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar os parâmetros bioquímicos de referência para as transaminases hepáticas (Aspartato Aminotransferase, Gamma Glutamil Transferase, Fosfatase Alcalina e Proteínas Plasmáticas Totais) de cavalos de treinador no município de Florencia Caquetá. O Laboratório Clínico Veterinário do programa de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidad de la Amazonia coletou 79 amostras de sangue, das quais 23 pertenciam a equídeos fêmeas e 56 a equídeos machos. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva de cada uma das variáveis, utilizando as medidas de tendência central (média e mediana). Posteriormente, foi aplicado o teste t comparativo para médias de duas amostras pareadas entre mulheres e homens. O valor de referência e desvio padrão de cada uma das variáveis foi (AST: 217,1 ± 47,07; GGT: 11,7 ± 3,09; FA: 293,2 ± 108,05; PPT: 72,7 ±7,45). Portanto, não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas (P>0,05) entre mulheres e homens. Os valoresgerados neste estudo podem ser considerados como referência para o cavalo de treinamento no município de Florencia, Caquetá, e são uma amostra das condições fisiológicas e ambientais dos equinos

Meckel's diverticulum: analysis of 27 cases in an adult population

BackgroundMeckel's diverticulum is a rare congenital pathology among newborns. Nevertheless, it is an uncommon abdominal pathology in the adult population. Therefore, we aim to provide a detailed account of our surgical approach in treating 27 cases of Meckel's diverticulum.MethodsThis study is a cross-sectional analysis that utilized a database with prospectively collected data from 2004 to 2022. All patients under the age of 18 were excluded from the population. We described the population’s demographic characteristics, symptoms, anatomopathological study, surgical technique, complications, morbidity, and mortality. A subgroup analysis was performed between the symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.ResultsA total of 27 patients who underwent surgical resection for a posteriorly diagnosed Meckel's diverticulum were included. The male population accounted for 81.4% (n = 22) of the sample size. The symptomatic group consisted of 18 male and four female patients. Abdominal pain was the predominant symptom in 85% of the patients. Out of the 22 symptomatic patients, only 9% had a positive perioperative diagnosis of Meckel's diverticulum. All 27 patients with diverticulum diagnosis received the resection through diverticulectomy (n = 6), small bowel resection with end-to-end anastomosis (n = 6), and small bowel resection with lateral to lateral anastomosis (n = 15). The mean distance between the diverticulum and the ileocecal valve was 63.4 cm. The symptomatic group had an average diverticulum length of 3.54 cm, with an average base width of 2.47 cm. In the other group, the values were 2.75 and 1.61 cm. The average length of hospital stay in the symptomatic group was 7.3 days.ConclusionsMeckel's diverticulum is a rare pathology in the adult population. Its presentation varies from asymptomatic to symptomatic patients, and surgery is the cornerstone treatment for this pathology

SARS-CoV-2 infection in a pediatrics STAT1 GOF patient under Ruxolitinib therapy-a matter of balance?

Recently, 94 inborn errors of immunity (IEI) patients suffering from COVID-19 have been described, overall demonstrating a mild phenotype [1] although more severe disease manifestations have been suggested for patients with alterations in the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway, including auto-antibodies against type I IFN [2]. Patients with STAT1 GOF mutations show a complex and often severe phenotype, combining an increased susceptibility of fungal, (myco-) bacterial and viral infections as well as autoimmune and autoinflammatory manifestations [3]. Characteristically, in response to type I and type II IFN stimulation, these patients show STAT1 hyperphosphorylation [3, 4]. Whether in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the hyperactivation of the IFN-JAK1/2-STAT1 pathway would be protective (antiviral effect) or deleterious (hyperinflammation) is unclear. Ruxolitinib (a selective JAK1/2 inhibitor) has been successfully used in STAT1 GOF patients controlling many disease manifestations [5] and also resulted in improved pulmonary function and faster recovery from lymphopenia in previously healthy individuals suffering from severe COVID-19 [6].This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid (Spain) [Sara Borrell, CD20/00124 to P.B.L, Juan Rodés JR18/00042 to P.O, FIS PI19/01471 to O.N] and the Consejería de Salud, Junta Andalucía [SA0051/2020 to O.N]. A.G-V was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, cofinanced by the European Development Regional Fund (“A way to achieve Europe”), Subprograma Miguel Servet (CP19/00159).Peer reviewe

The Caldera. No. 25 Special Edition 2022. 70 years

Especial: Instituto Caldas, 70 años de historia En las siguientes páginas, los estudiantes rinden homenaje a nuestra querida Institución, a través, especialmente, de la Palabra. Mi eterna gratitud a cada uno de ellos, jóvenes lectores, escritores, dibujantes pero, sobre todo, Caldistas de CORAZÓN: Laura Camila Herrera, Victoria Chacón Gil, María Paula Méndez, Steven Gómez Guerrero, Constanza Narváez Solano, Yatana Zea Arenas, Carolina Valencia Neira, Valery Samara Meza, Steffy Picón Carrillo y Gabriela Portilla Castellanos.Especial 70 años. Instituto Caldas 6 Reloj Solar 2021 43 IX Concurso de Lectura en Voz Alta 46 La Cuna de Excélsior 48 Equipo de Maestros 51 Perfiles Caldistas 54 Expresiones Caldistas 58 Día Caldista 98 Galería de Imágenes 103Special: Instituto Caldas, 70 years of history In the following pages, the students pay homage to our beloved Institution, especially through the Word. My eternal gratitude to each of them, young readers, writers, cartoonists but, above all, Caldistas of HEART: Laura Camila Herrera, Victoria Chacón Gil, María Paula Méndez, Steven Gómez Guerrero, Constanza Narváez Solano, Yatana Zea Arenas, Carolina Valencia Neira, Valery Samara Meza, Steffy Picón Carrillo and Gabriela Portilla Castellanos

Desafíos actuales de la educación superior

El presente libro corresponde al trabajo investigativo realizado por sus autores frente a los desafíos que enfrenta y enfrentará la educación en tiempos actuales (provisional)

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality