1,247 research outputs found
How are coastal benthos fed?
Water movement can influence the distribution of benthos, in part, by increasing food delivery; however, the impact of advective transport and turbulent diffusion on organic matter flux to nearshore benthic communities is not well quantified. In this study, we measured the vertical particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate phosphorus (PP) flux in nearshore Lake Michigan using two naturally occurring daughter/parent radionuclide pairs (234Th/238U and 90Y/90Sr) and compared these fluxes to coincident benthic chamber estimates of respiration and total phosphorus efflux by quagga mussels on the lakebed. We found that advective onshore transport and vertical convective mixing increased POC and PP flux to the nearshore benthos by a factor of ~15 and ~30 over offshore trap-derived estimates of flux. From these results, we hypothesize that high benthos population densities are related to an edge effect created when the dominant mechanism of particle delivery transitions from gravitational settling to convection
The effect of obesity on the contractile performance of isolated mouse soleus, EDL, and diaphragm muscles
Is self-assessment in religious education unique?
This paper addresses the question: is self-assessment in religious education unique? It first presents an overview of some challenges for assessment from subject differences, and then reviews the generic literature on self-assessment. It builds on earlier empirical research on self-assessment in religious education, carried out in an English state secondary school (Fancourt 2010); this was used to propose a variant of self-assessment which is tailored to the demands of religious education – reflexive self-assessment. Its implications for more general understandings of the relationship between subject pedagogy and self-assessment are discussed, especially the recognition of values not only in religious education but in other subjects too, reinforcing the need to develop subject-specific variants of self-assessment that reflect the breadth of learning outcomes
Investigating A Dose Response Relationship between High Fat Diet Consumption and the Contractile Performance of Isolated Mouse Soleus, EDL and Diaphragm Muscles
Multiple behaviour change intervention for diarrhoea control in Lusaka, Zambia: a cluster randomised trial
Background Eff ective prevention and control of diarrhoea requires caregivers to comply with a suite of proven
measures, including exclusive breastfeeding, handwashing with soap, correct use of oral rehydration salts, and zinc
administration. We aimed to assess the eff ect of a novel behaviour change intervention using emotional drivers on
caregiver practice of these behaviours.
Methods We did a cluster randomised controlled trial in Lusaka Province, Zambia. A random sample of 16 health
centres (clusters) were selected from a sampling frame of 81 health centres in three of four districts in Lusaka Province
using a computerised random number generator. Each cluster was randomly assigned 1:1 to either the intervention—
clinic events, community events, and radio messaging—or to a standard care control arm, both for 6 months. Primary
outcomes were exclusive breastfeeding (self-report), handwashing with soap (observation), oral rehydration salt
solution preparation (demonstration), and zinc use in diarrhoea treatment (self-report). We measured outcome
behaviours at baseline before start of intervention and 4–6 weeks post-intervention through repeat cross-sectional
surveys with mothers of an infant younger than 6 months and primary caregivers of a child younger than 5 years with
recent diarrhoea. We compared outcomes on an intention-to-treat population between intervention and control
groups adjusted for baseline behaviour. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02081521.
Findings Between Jan 20 and Feb 3, 2014, we recruited 306 mothers of an infant aged 0–5 months (156 intervention,
150 standard care) and 343 primary caregiver of a child aged 0–59 months with recent diarrhoea (176 intervention,
167 standard care) at baseline. Between Oct 20 to Nov 7, 2014, we recruited 401 mothers of an infant 0–5 months
(234 intervention, 167 standard care) and 410 primary caregivers of a child 0–59 months with recent diarrhoea
(257 intervention, 163 standard care) at endline. Intervention was associated with increased prevalence of self-reported
exclusive breastfeeding of infants aged 0–5 months (adjusted diff erence 10·5%, 95% CI 0·9–19·9). Other primary
outcomes were not aff ected by intervention. Cluster intervention exposure ranged from 11–81%, measured by participant
self-report with verifi cation questions. Comparison of control and intervention clusters with coverage greater than 35%
provided strong evidence of an intervention eff ect on oral rehydration salt solution preparation and breastfeeding
outcomes.
Interpretation The intervention may have improved exclusive breastfeeding (assessed by self-reporting), but
intervention eff ects were diluted in clusters with low exposure. Complex caregiver practices can improve through
interventions built around human motives, but these must be implemented more intensely
Age-related changes in isolated mouse skeletal muscle function are dependent on sex, muscle, and contractility mode
Il monastero benedettino di S. Giorgio in Braida a Verona: nuove prospettive di ricerca sulla rifabbrica romanica (sec. XII)
L’attuale aspetto rinascimentale della chiesa di San Giorgio in Braida è frutto di una serie di interventi promossi dai canonici veneziani di San Giorgio in Alga a partire dalla fine del XV secolo. Il monastero benedettino, tuttavia, fu fondato nella metà dell’XI secolo e completamente ricostruito fra il terzo e il quarto decennio del secolo successivo per volere del vescovo Bernardo. L’articolo ripercorre le vicende storiche dell’istituzione in età medievale e rende nota l’esistenza di alcune parti della compagine romanica tuttora inedite, che permettono d’inserire il cantiere di San Giorgio in Braida nel contesto delle coeve manifestazioni architettoniche veronesi
The early effects of ageing on the mechanical performance of isolated locomotory (EDL) and respiratory (diaphragm) skeletal muscle using the work loop technique
Enhanced weathering in the U.S. Corn Belt delivers carbon removal with agronomic benefits
Enhanced weathering (EW) with crushed basalt on farmlands is a promising
scalable atmospheric carbon dioxide removal strategy that urgently requires
performance assessment with commercial farming practices. Our large-scale
replicated EW field trial in the heart of the U.S. Corn Belt shows cumulative
time-integrated carbon sequestration of 15.4 +/- 4.1 t CO2 ha-1 over four
years, with additional emissions mitigation of ~0.1 - 0.4 t CO2,e ha-1 yr-1 for
soil nitrous oxide, a potent long-lived greenhouse gas. Maize and soybean
yields increased 12-16% with EW following improved soil fertility, decreased
soil acidification, and upregulation of root nutrient transport genes. Our
findings suggest that widespread adoption of EW across farming sectors has the
potential to contribute significantly to net-zero greenhouse gas emissions
goals and global food and soil security
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