Discrimination of different volcanic rock units by magnetic properties — geothermal field at Reykjanes peninsula (SW-Iceland)

The geothermal field at Reykjanes peninsula is located at the boundary where the submarine Reykjanes Ridge passes over into the rift zone of southwestern Iceland. The geothermal field coincides with a magnetic low in the aeromagnetic anomaly map and is situated within a dense NE–SW fissure and fault zone. Surface geology is characterized by different historic fissure eruptions (youngest from 1226AD), shield lava (12.5–14.5 ka) and intercalated pillow basalt–hyaloclastite ridges probably formed during the last glacial episode (14.5–20 ka). During a field magnetic study in the vicinity of the geothermal field in summer 2005 different volcanic rock units have been sampled to correlate rock magnetic and magneto-mineralogical properties with magnetic field intensity. Additionally, measurements on a dense dolerite intrusion, recovered from the RN–19 borehole (2245–2248m depth) in May 2005 within the frame of IDDP, should shed light on the influence of crustal rocks on the total magnetic field intensity. Generally, the natural remanent magnetization and magnetic susceptibility, measured on rock specimen, is high, ranging between 2.5 and 33.6Am−1 and 2–37 ×10−3 SI, respectively...conferenc

Development of a Mineral-Specific Sorption Database for Surface Complexation Modeling (Final Report and Manual)

RES³T - the Rossendorf Expert System for Surface and Sorption Thermodynamics - is a digitized thermodynamic sorption database, implemented as a relational database. It is mineral-specific and can therefore also be used for additive models of more complex solid phases such as rocks or soils. An integrated user interface helps users to access selected mineral and sorption data, to extract internally consistent data sets for sorption modeling, and to export them into formats suitable for other modeling software. Data records comprise of mineral properties, specific surface area values, characteristics of surface binding sites and their protolysis, sorption ligand information, and surface complexation reactions. An extensive bibliography is also included, providing links not only to the above listed data items, but also to background information concerning surface complexation model theories, surface species evidence, and sorption experiment techniques. The RES³T database is intended for an international use. This requires high standards in availability, consistency and actuality. Therefore the authors of the database decided to couple the database onto an authorization tool

Observation of seasonal variation of atmospheric multiple-muon events in the MINOS Near and Far Detectors

We report the first observation of seasonal modulations in the rates of cosmic ray multiple-muon events at two underground sites, the MINOS Near Detector with an overburden of 225 mwe, and the MINOS Far Detector site at 2100 mwe. At the deeper site, multiple-muon events with muons separated by more than 8 m exhibit a seasonal rate that peaks during the summer, similar to that of single-muon events. In contrast and unexpectedly, the rate of multiple-muon events with muons separated by less than 5-8 m, and the rate of multiple-muon events in the smaller, shallower Near Detector, exhibit a seasonal rate modulation that peaks in the winter

The NuMI neutrino beam

This paper describes the hardware and operations of the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam at Fermilab. It elaborates on the design considerations for the beam as a whole and for individual elements. The most important design details of individual components are described. Beam monitoring systems and procedures, including the tuning and alignment of the beam and NuMI long-term performance, are also discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Precision measurement of the speed of propagation of neutrinos using the MINOS detectors

We report a two-detector measurement of the propagation speed of neutrinos over a baseline of 734 km. The measurement was made with the NuMI beam at Fermilab between the near and far MINOS detectors. The fractional difference between the neutrino speed and the speed of light is determined to be (v/c - 1) = (1.0 +/- 1.1) x 10(-6), consistent with relativistic neutrinos

Measurement of the multiple-muon charge ratio in the MINOS Far Detector

The charge ratio, R-mu = N mu + / N mu-, for cosmogenic multiple-muon events observed at an underground depth of 2070 mwe has been measured using the magnetized MINOS Far Detector. The multiple-muon events, recorded nearly continuously from August 2003 until April 2012, comprise two independent data sets imaged with opposite magnetic field polarities, the comparison of which allows the systematic uncertainties of the measurement to be minimized. The multiple-muon charge ratio is determined to be R mu = 1.104 + / - 0.006(stat)(-0.010)( + 0.009) (syst). This measurement complements previous determinations of single-muon and multiple-muon charge ratios at underground sites and serves to constrain models of cosmic-ray interactions at TeV energies

Measurement of Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillations Using Beam and Atmospheric Data in MINOS

We report measurements of oscillation parameters from v(mu) and (v) over bar (mu) disappearance using beam and atmospheric data from MINOS. The data comprise exposures of 10.71 X 10(20) protons on target in the v(mu)-dominated beam, 3.36 X 10(20) protons on target in the (v) over bar (mu)-enhanced beam, and 37.88 kton yr of atmospheric neutrinos. Assuming identical v and (v) over bar oscillation parameters, we measure vertical bar Delta m(2)vertical bar = (2.41(-0.10)(+0.09)) X 10(-3) eV(2) and sin(2)(2 theta) = 0.950(-0.036)(+0.035). Allowing independent v and (v) over bar oscillations, we measure antineutrino parameters of vertical bar(m) over bar (2)vertical bar = (2.50(-0.250)(+0.23)) X 10(-3) eV(2) and sin(2)(2 (theta) over bar) = 0.97(-0.08)(+0.03), with minimal change to the neutrino parameters

Combined Analysis of nu(mu) Disappearance and nu(mu) -\u3e nu(e) Appearance in MINOS Using Accelerator and Atmospheric Neutrinos

We report on a new analysis of neutrino oscillations in MINOS using the complete set of accelerator and atmospheric data. The analysis combines the nu(mu) disappearance and nu(e) appearance data using the three-flavor formalism. We measure vertical bar Delta m(32)(2)vertical bar = [2.28-2.46] x 10(-3) eV(2) (68% C.L.) and sin(2)theta(23) = 0.35-0.65 (90% C.L.) in the normal hierarchy, and vertical bar Delta m(32)(2)vertical bar = [2.32-2.53] x 10(-3) eV(2) (68% C.L.) and sin(2)theta(23) = 0.34-0.67 (90% C.L.) in the inverted hierarchy. The data also constrain delta(CP), the theta(23) octant degeneracy and the mass hierarchy; we disfavor 36% (11%) of this three-parameter space at 68% (90%) C.L