Marjoram increases basal gastric acid and pepsin secretions in rat

Considering the high consumption rate of marjoram in the Iranian population, this study was designed to investigate the effects of marjoram extract on gastric acid and pepsin secretion. In this study, Wistar rats (n = 12) were divided into two equal case and control groups. Under general anaesthesia with 50 mg/kg i.p. sodium thiopental, laparatomy was done and a cannula inserted in the duodenum. In the case animals marjoram (12.5 mg/kg) was injected into the stomach through the mentioned cannula. The gastric contents were collected by the wash-out technique. Acid and pepsin secretions were then measured by titration and the Anson method, respectively. In the marjoram group, basal acid and pepsin secretions were significantly increased compared with the control group (acid: 20 ± 3.36 vs 4.1 ± 0.36 μmol/15 min; pepsin: 9.04 ± 0.01 vs 5.62 ± 0.12 μg/15 min; p < 0.001). In the control group, pentagastrin stimulation increased acid secretion in comparison with the basal level (10.14 ± 1.34 vs 4.1 ± 0.36 μmol/15 min, p < 0.001), while in the marjoram group, there was a significant decline (16.46 ± 3.23 vs 20 ± 3.36 μnol/15 min, p < 0.001). In the marjoram group pentagastrin increased pepsin secretion in comparison with the basal state (12 ± 0.11 vs 9.04 ± 0.1 μ15 min, p < 0.001). It seems that marjoram contains some components that activate chief and parietal cells and increase basal acid and pepsin secretion. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Giant saccular abdominal aortic aneurysm with manifestation of gastric inlet obstruction mimicking a fundal gastrointestinal stromal tumor: A report on an unexpected case

We present an extremely rare report on gastric inlet obstruction due to giant abdominal aortic aneurysm. Despite the rare occurrence of this manifestation, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gastric inlet obstructions. © 2021 The Authors. Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Whipple procedure: A review of a 7-year clinical experience in a referral center for hepatobiliary and pancreas diseases

Background: Pancreatic cancer is generally found in the older population Pancreaticoduodenectomy seems to be the only way in resolving these resectable tumors. Allen. O Whipple was the first to describe pancreaticoduodenectomy in 1935 as a modified procedure. This article is a case series with respect to the 7-year experience of the Whipple procedure in Firoozgar Teaching Hospital. Methods: Patient surgery details were gathered from the surgical records of the operating room and their clinical records from the hospital archives. Data was analyzed with SPSS software (version 16.0.1). Those patients, whose tumor had invaded the superior mesenteric artery, had extensive portal vein involvement or distant metastasis was considered as unresectable. Results: The first Whipple procedure was recorded in our hospital in 2008. From 2008 till 20 March 2014, 70 cases were collected and analyzed. The mean age of cases was 58.4 years, the mean hospital stay length was 12.9 days (�±6.23 days), mean operation time was 376 min (�±37.3 min),. The most common presenting symptom was jaundice (78.6 ). Delayed gastric emptying was the most common post-operative complication. The most prevalent cause of reoperation was intra-abdominal abscess. Major morbidities of these patients consisted of cardiac arrhythmias (21.4) and pneumonia (10). Minor complications were wound infection (17.1) and delayed gastric emptying (32.9). The statistics revealed pancreatic anastomosis failure as 2.9 and a decrease in mortality rate from 50 during the first years of this study to 16 to 20 during the last years. Conclusions: In this case series, the time of operation decreased during the recent years .Analysis shows a correlation between operation time and pack cell transfused during the operation, but no correlation was found between operation time and post-operation hospitalization course. It is true that hospital setting, socioeconomic level of the patients including their compliance, and the expertise of the surgeons and surgical staff can have an influence on the result of this operation, but it seems that the magnitude of the surgical stress of this procedure and the (compromised) functional reserve of this patient population can be a notable factor influencing the outcome. �© 2015 Saraee et al

Survival rate of patients with bladder cancer in Yazd, central province of Iran

Abstract Background: Bladder cancer is the ninth most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide. The trend of bladder cancer incidence and mortality is rising in Iran. This study was aimed to evaluate the survival rate of patients with bladder cancer in Yazd province, Iran. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data were collected from 340 patients suffering from bladder cancer referred to Shahid Rahnemon and Shohada-Kargar Hospitals in Yazd province, Iran between April, 2001 and March, 2012. Variables included age, gender, stage of cancer, place of residence and type of treatment. The Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between each variable and survival time. A P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of total patients was 65.8 ± 13.6 years, and their mean survival time was 68.55 ± 6.05 months. Cumulative survival rates at the end of 1, 3, and 5 years in bladder cancer patients were 91%, 58%, and 51.4%, respectively. A statistically significant association was found between age (P = 0.005), stage of disease (P = 0.0003), type of treatment (P = 0.0003) and survival time of patients. Data showed no significant correlation between age, gender, place of residence and patients’ survival. Conclusions: The survival of patients suffering from bladder cancer in this study was less than other reports. Patients’age and cancer stage were the effective factors in survival time. Continuous screening of older people for cancer diagnosis in early stages is seemed to improve survival in patients. Keywords: Bladder; Cancer; Survival Rate; Ira

Bacterial spectrum and antimicrobial resistance pattern in cancer patients with febrile neutropenia

Background: Bacterial bloodstream infections are one of the most common complications in cancer patients under treatment. Bacteremia in these patients is a medical crisis that needs antibiotic treatment. The aim of this study was to determine bacterial spectrum and antimicrobial resistance pattern in febrile neutropenic cancer patients. Methods: In this prospective study, 212 cancer patients with febrile neutropenia who were referred to Shahid Sadoughi hospital in Yazd from 2012 to 2015 were participated. Bacterial pathogens isolated by the BACTEC media and antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: The mean age of patients was 43.5 ± 24.98 years old. Out of 212 participants, 62.3 (132/212) were suffering from hematologic malignancies, and 37.7 (80/212) had solid tumors. Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant microorganisms (84.9). E.coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen (38.68 ), followed by Klebsiella (14.15) and Acinetobacter species (11.32). In addition, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common isolated Gram-positive bacteria (8.5). Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to ciprofloxacin with a response range of 53.7 to 100. The majority of E.coli isolates were sensitive to ceftazidime (87.8) and were resistance to Co-trimoxazole (15.8). Klebsiella isolates were 100 susceptible to cephalosporins, meropenem and imipenem. Conclusion: The majority of bacterial pathogens were resistance to various antibiotics. Judicious use of antibiotic therapy can prevent the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. © 2019, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Bilateral hip septic arthritis caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella group D in a 16-year-old girl with COVID-19 : a case report

Introduction and importance Nontyphoidal Salmonella infection can lead to gastroenteritis, enteric fever, and bacteremia. However, joint infections due to this bacterium are rare, and usually associated with immunosuppressive disorders. Case presentation A 16-year-old girl, with a recent history of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) presented with bacteremia, and bilateral hip pain after COVID-19 symptoms. Clinical presentation, laboratory features and imaging showed bilateral nontyphoidal Salmonella septic arthritis. We administered antibiotics, based on antibiotics susceptibility pattern of the isolated Salmonella. Clinical discussion The case is presented because reports of bilateral hip joint infection due to nontyphoidal Salmonella are rare especially after COVID-19. When the patient presents with joint discomfort, the clinician should think infection especially in immunocompromised hosts. Conclusion It illustrates successful management of septic arthritis requires prompt clinical diagnosis, microorganism identification, administration of appropriate systemic antibiotics and hip joint surgery

A Post-Marketing Surveillance Study to Evaluate the Safety Profile of AlvotereⓇ (Docetaxel) in Iranian Patients Diagnosed with Different Types of Cancers Receiving Chemotherapy

Background Docetaxel is a clinically well established antimitotic chemotherapy medication. Labeled docetaxel indications are breast cancer, gastric cancer, head and neck cancer, non–small cell lung cancer, and prostate cancer. Objective This is a Phase IV study to evaluate the safety profile of docetaxel (Alvotere; NanoAlvand, Iran) in Iranian patients diagnosed with different types of cancers receiving chemotherapy regimens with docetaxel. Methods Patients who received Alvotere as a part of their chemotherapy regimen were enrolled in this Phase IV, observational, multicenter, open-label study. Alvotere was administrated as a single agent or in combination with other chemotherapy agents. Safety parameters in each cycle were assessed, and the related data were recorded in booklets. Findings A total of 411 patients with different types of cancers were enrolled from 25 centers in Iran. The most common malignancies among participants were breast cancer (49.88%), followed by gastric cancer (22.63%). Participants’ mean age was 53.33 years, and the mean total dose used in each cycle was 132 mg. According to the results, 341 patients experienced at least 1 adverse event, that the most common was alopecia (41.12%). In total, 92 (22.38%) patients had at least 1 adverse event of grade 3 or 4, and 25 (6.08%) patients showed 54 serious adverse events, which the causality assessment for all was possibly related to Alvotere. There was a significant difference between men and women in the incidence of skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (55.63% in women vs 41.73% in men; P = 0.009). Also, the incidence of gastrointestinal disorders, nervous system disorders, skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders, hepatic enzymes increase, and fluid retention was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in patients receiving anthracyclines in their chemotherapy regimens. Conclusions The findings of this open-label, observational, multicenter, postmarketing surveillance showed that Alvotere appears to have an acceptable safety profile in Iranian cancer patients receiving chemotherapeutic regimens. (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2022; 82:XXX–XXX) © 2022 Elsevier HS Journals, Inc

Brown Tumor of Lumbar Spine in Chronic Renal Failure: a Case Report

Brown tumors may occur secondary to hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure (CKD). They are increasingly rare because hyperparathyroidism in now diagnosed and treated at an early stage. We report 67-year-old man who had been on hemodialysis for CRF for over 3 years, who presented with back pain over the thoracolumbar junction from 2 years ago and because of pain he could not stand or walk in the last 3 months before surgery. Ambulation was regained after surgical decompression and stabilization. In conclusion, when brown tumor arises in the spine, surgery may be needed to preserve neurologic function

Evaluation of Cholecystectomy complications in diabetic and non-diabetic patients in Kerman university hospitals from the year 1374 to 1377

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease that involves multiple organs. Several documented studies indicated that prevalence of gallstone in diabetics is higher than nondiabetics. Thus, rate of acute cholecystitis and cholecystectomy should be higher in these patients. Some studies have shown that the risk of postoperative complications is higher in the diabetics. This cross-sectional study has been done from 1374 to 1377 in two university hospitals (Bahonar and Kerman-Darman) of Kerman. The study is conducted on 227 sequential patients with cholecystitis that were candidates for cholecystectomy within 72 hours of diagnosis. After preliminary therapy and Para clinic study, including fasting blood sugar (FBS) measurement, upper midline laparotomy was performed-following induction of general balanced anesthesia. Stage of the disease was registered during the operation. The subjects were followed up to 30 days for detection of postoperative complications. There were 34 (15%) diabetics (5 type-1 and 28 type-2 diabetics) with age of 62.6±11.9 years, and 193 (85%) nondiabetic patients aged 54.4±15.8 years old. Therefore the age of diabetics were higher than that of nondiabetics (P=0.0008). FBS of diabetic and nondiabetic groups were 189.12±53.64 mg/dl and 91.44±15.15 mg/dl respectively (P=0.0001). As for as progression of the disease, 25 (23.5%) of diabetics and 90 (74%)of non diabetics had a higher stages of cholecystitis (P<0.05). Postoperative complications were encountered in 15 (38.4%) cases of diabetic and 21 (10.5%) cases of nondiabetic groups (P<0.001, OR=5.33, X²=19.86). It seems that increased prevalence of postoperative complications in diabetic patients is due to more advanced stages of their disease at the time of diagnosis. However systemic changes due to aging in diabetic patients should also be considered. Keywords: Acute cholecystitis, Diabetes mellitus, Operative complicatio

Total Knee Arthroplasty: Does the Tibial Medial Side Defect Affect Outcome?

Primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the degenerative diseases that destroy auricular cartilage within knee joint and cause pain, varies deformity, decrease knee function. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective intervention in order to relieve pain, improve function and QOL (quality of life) in patients with severe osteoarthritis of the knees that have different degrees of varus deformity. However, we are not aware of any study to shows if medial side defect in tibia has any association with outcome. We conceive this study of finding out if medial side defect of tibia affects the outcome. 124 patients (143 knees) with primary knee OA with different stages of defects participated in this study. Patients classified into two groups based on Rand classification of knee defects (patients with Rand I and II in group 1 and patients with Rand III and IV in group 2). Pain and knee alignment have been measured by Visual analog scale (VAS) and 3-joint X-ray and quality of life, knee function and radiographic have been measured by questionnaires of SF 36, WOMAC and KSS score. The mean follow-up was 18. 2 mounts (range 12 to 23 months). The results showed that all of the parameters improved significantly within groups (P≤0.001). Comparison TKA between two groups in the postoperative analysis shows that there was a significant difference between groups in pain, radiographic and functional KSS and WOMAC score (P≤0.05). So group 1 had better results in these parameters than group 2 after surgery. TKA is an effective intervention for all patients with severe osteoarthritis and varus deformity. However, the severity of medial tibial defects is an important determinant of outcome. Patients with a more severe deformity have less favorable outcome