23 research outputs found

    Seguimiento de las guías españolas para el manejo del asma por el médico de atención primaria: un estudio observacional ambispectivo

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    Objetivo Evaluar el grado de seguimiento de las recomendaciones de las versiones de la Guía española para el manejo del asma (GEMA 2009 y 2015) y su repercusión en el control de la enfermedad. Material y métodos Estudio observacional y ambispectivo realizado entre septiembre del 2015 y abril del 2016, en el que participaron 314 médicos de atención primaria y 2.864 pacientes. Resultados Utilizando datos retrospectivos, 81 de los 314 médicos (25, 8% [IC del 95%, 21, 3 a 30, 9]) comunicaron seguir las recomendaciones de la GEMA 2009. Al inicio del estudio, 88 de los 314 médicos (28, 0% [IC del 95%, 23, 4 a 33, 2]) seguían las recomendaciones de la GEMA 2015. El tener un asma mal controlada (OR 0, 19, IC del 95%, 0, 13 a 0, 28) y presentar un asma persistente grave al inicio del estudio (OR 0, 20, IC del 95%, 0, 12 a 0, 34) se asociaron negativamente con tener un asma bien controlada al final del seguimiento. Por el contrario, el seguimiento de las recomendaciones de la GEMA 2015 se asoció de manera positiva con una mayor posibilidad de que el paciente tuviera un asma bien controlada al final del periodo de seguimiento (OR 1, 70, IC del 95%, 1, 40 a 2, 06). Conclusiones El escaso seguimiento de las guías clínicas para el manejo del asma constituye un problema común entre los médicos de atención primaria. Un seguimiento de estas guías se asocia con un control mejor del asma. Existe la necesidad de actuaciones que puedan mejorar el seguimiento por parte de los médicos de atención primaria de las guías para el manejo del asma. Objective: To assess the degree of compliance with the recommendations of the 2009 and 2015 versions of the Spanish guidelines for managing asthma (Guía Española para el Manejo del Asma [GEMA]) and the effect of this compliance on controlling the disease. Material and methods: We conducted an observational ambispective study between September 2015 and April 2016 in which 314 primary care physicians and 2864 patients participated. Results: Using retrospective data, we found that 81 of the 314 physicians (25.8%; 95% CI 21.3–30.9) stated that they complied with the GEMA2009 recommendations. At the start of the study, 88 of the 314 physicians (28.0%; 95% CI 23.4–33.2) complied with the GEMA2015 recommendations. Poorly controlled asthma (OR, 0.19; 95% CI 0.13–0.28) and persistent severe asthma at the start of the study (OR, 0.20; 95% CI 0.12–0.34) were negatively associated with having well-controlled asthma by the end of the follow-up. In contrast, compliance with the GEMA2015 recommendations was positively associated with a greater likelihood that the patient would have well-controlled asthma by the end of the follow-up (OR, 1.70; 95% CI 1.40–2.06). Conclusions: Low compliance with the clinical guidelines for managing asthma is a common problem among primary care physicians. Compliance with these guidelines is associated with better asthma control. Actions need to be taken to improve primary care physician compliance with the asthma management guidelines

    Thin Films of Zirconia-Phosphate Glasses Deposited by an Aerosol CVD Process

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    The polycrystalline state of the ZrO2 films was an disadvantage for some specific protective coating applications. To resolve this fact we proposed to obtain an amorphous thin film by addition of P2O5, which will act as glass formator agent. With an aerosol CVD process by using zirconium acetylacetonate and triphenyl phosphate dissolved in a mixture of acetylacetone and benzyl alcohol, we achieved to deposit mixed P2O5-ZrO2 films between 480°C and 600°C. The P2O5 content varied from 0% up to 60%. By measuring systematically the composition of the film we have noticed the influence on the composition of the films, on the one hand of the hygrometric degree of the carrier gas and on the other hand of the temperature used for the dissolution of the organometallic precursors in the solvent. The highest the dissolution temperature was, the most the phosphorus content was. After an annealing at 500°C during one hour, the films exhibited by Xray diffraction analysis an amorphous structure and a very good transparency. More over the evolution of the I.R. spectra between 1200 cm-1 and 900 cm-1 and arround 400 cm-l are discussed in function of the composition of the films

    Propuesta para la conservación y utilización del bovino Criollo en el Chaco boliviano

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    En este trabajo presentamos el programa deconservación desarrollado sobre el bovino Criollo boliviano explotado en el Chaco. Describimos aquí el impacto social y ecológico de estos animalesen la región. Finalmente, presentamos unasupervisión del papel jugado por esta raza en eldesarrollo sostenible del Chaco

    Propuesta para la conservación y utilización del bovino Criollo en el Chaco boliviano

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    En este trabajo presentamos el programa deconservación desarrollado sobre el bovino Criollo boliviano explotado en el Chaco. Describimos aquí el impacto social y ecológico de estos animalesen la región. Finalmente, presentamos unasupervisión del papel jugado por esta raza en eldesarrollo sostenible del Chaco

    Conference report: Lake Constance turns green

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    Adamova, G.; Ferguson, J.; Ng, S.; Puga Vaca, A.; Rodriguez, H.; Rountree, S.; Seddon, K.... (2009). Conference report: Lake Constance turns green. Green Chemistry. 11(5):604-608. doi:10.1039/b822925mS60460811

    Material de apoyo a la Educación Física para Primaria

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    Programación de actividades dirigida a maestros especialistas en Educación Física y profesionales que realizan la tutoría del primer y segundo ciclo de Educación Primaria. Incluye fichas para trabajar dentro del aula y contempla los siguientes objetivos: dotar al alumno de un vocabulario específico de Educación Física, conectando, además, con temas transversales. Se estructura en los siguientes bloques temáticos: 1. El cuerpo: imagen y percepción; 2. El cuerpo: habilidades y destrezas; 3. El cuerpo: expresión y comunicación; 4. Higiene y salud corporal; 5. Los juegos.MurciaES

    Dexmedetomidine plus bupivacaine versus bupivacaine alone in peridural infusion for control of postsurgical pain [Dexmedetomidina más bupivacaúna frente a bupivacaúna sola en infusión peridural para el control del dolor postquirúrgico]

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    Introduction: Postsurgical pain is the main cause of acute pain in hospital settings. Selective &?????;-2 adrenergic agonists such as clonidine and dexmedetomidine administered via peridural infusion have been evaluated in postsurgical pain control, since they act on brain stem, spinal and peripheral receptors, modulating the nociceptive input. In this context, clonidine is the most studied drug, but little information exists with dexmedetomidine. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the add-on use of dexmedetomidine in peridural anesthesia, as a strategy aimed to diminish postsurgical pain. Methods: An open-label trial was designed to compare bupivacaine via 24-h peridural infusion (n = 15) versus the combination of bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine (Bupi/Dexme, n = 21) in women who underwent abdominal hysterectomy. The main study outcome was the magnitude of postsurgical pain (as reflected in a visual analog scale) and the need for rescue analgesia during 24 h of peridural infusion after surgery. We also evaluated the impact on heart rate(HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) during the same period. Results: We observed significant differences with respect to the subjective patients' pain scoring, from the first 4 h after infusion initiation, favoring Bupi/ Dexme group (p < 0.05). Moreover, time to rescue analgesia and mean cumulative analgesic load were lower in Bupi/Dexme group, as compared with bupivacaine alone (in both, p < 0.05). HR and MAP were significantly lower in the Bupi/Dexme group at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after infusion initiation, but without important hemodynamic repercussion. Conclusions: The administration of bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine via peridural infusion is a useful strategy in management of postsurgical pain, without clinically meaningful hemodynamic impact

    Effect of fructans, prebiotics and fibres on the human gut microbiome assessed by 16S rRNA-based approaches : a review

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    The inherent and diverse capacity of dietary fibres, nondigestible oligosaccharides (NDOs) and prebiotics to modify the gut microbiota and markedly influence health status of the host has attracted rising interest. Research and collective initiatives to determine the composition and diversity of the human gut microbiota have increased over the past decade due to great advances in high-throughput technologies, particularly the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing. Here we reviewed the application of 16S rRNA-based molecular technologies, both community wide (sequencing and phylogenetic microarrays) and targeted methodologies (quantitative PCR, fluorescent in situ hybridisation) to study the effect of chicory inulin-type fructans, NDOs and specific added fibres, such as resistant starches, on the human intestinal microbiota. Overall, such technologies facilitated the monitoring of microbiota shifts due to prebiotic/fibre consumption, though there are limited community-wide sequencing studies so far. Molecular studies confirmed the selective bifidogenic effect of fructans and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) in human intervention studies. Fructans only occasionally decreased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes or stimulated other groups. The sequencing studies for various resistant starches, polydextrose and beta-glucan showed broader effects with more and different types of gut microbial species being enhanced, often including phylotypes of Ruminococcaceae. There was substantial variation in terms of magnitude of response and in individual responses to a specific fibre or NDO which may be due to numerous factors, such as initial presence and relative abundance of a microbial type, diet, genetics of the host, and intervention parameters, such as intervention duration and fibre dose. The field will clearly benefit from a more systematic approach that will support defining the impact of prebiotics and fibres on the gut microbiome, identify biomarkers that link gut microbes to health, and address the personalised response of an individual's microbiota to prebiotics and dietary fibres.</p

    Balance de siete años en pro de la conservación de razas iberoamericanas: red cyted-XII-H

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    En la presente comunicación se presenta un resumen de las actividades realizadas en los siete años de vida de la Red Iberoamericana sobre la Conservación de la Biodiversidad de los animales domésticos locales para el desarrollo rural sustentable. En esta red financiada por el programa CYTED participan 23 grupos de investigación de 13 países, con un total de 230 investigadores relacionados de una manera directa. Se describen los objetivos de la red, sus contenidos y sus logros, estos últimos distribuidos en los siguientes aspectos: 1. Fortalecimiento del intercambio de conocimientos entre los grupos miembros y desde estos al resto de la comunidad científica (simposios, talleres, seminarios, congresos). 2. Investigaciones conjuntas (libros, ponencias, artículos, etc). 3. Formación de alto nivel (cursos de posgrado, publicaciones pedagógicas, dirección de tesis doctorales y de maestría, estancias de corta duración). 4. Proyectos de investigación. Todo lo descrito se centra en la caracterización morfológica, productiva y genéticas de las poblaciones domésticas, el estudio de los sistemas tradicionales de explotación, la evaluación de los impactos ecológicos y sociales de estos recursos y sistemas, todo ello orientado a su utilización en el desarrollo rural sostenible de Iberoamérica
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