Psychological and pedagogical techniques of cooperation in interactive study forms as didactic innovation

Рассмотрены теоретические и практические аспекты применения психолого-педагогических техник взаимодействия в интерактивных формах обучения.The article analyzes theoretical and practical aspects of application psychological and pedagogical techniques of cooperation in interactive study forms

In vitro biocompatibility of amorphous carbon based coatings by varying of surface chemistry and nitrogen concentrations

The study of a-C:N coatings at different concentration of nitrogen, their surface chemistry and wettability effect on cell/material response in vitro test was performed. The surface structure of deposited coatings was investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods. The coatings were characterized with respect to their bonding structure by photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The wettability was analysed by means of advanced water contact angle method and the surface free energy (SFE) was calculated according to Robertson equation. The biocompatibility was estimated by standard protocols. The best results were obtained in the case of coatings with the greater parameters of SFE and the minimal values of ratio N₂ : C₇H₈.Рассматривается влияние поверхностной химии и смачиваемости на клеточную адгезию in vitro для аморфных углеводородных покрытий, содержащих различные концентрации азота. Структура поверхности покрытий исследовалась методами сканирующей электронной и атомно-силовой микроскопии. Энергии связи были характеризованы методом фотоэлектронной спектроскопии. Смачиваемость поверхности анализировалась методом контактного угла, a поверхностная энергия рассчитывалась согласно уравнению Робертсона. Биосовместимость оценивалась по стандартным методикам. Лучшие параметры были получены для покрытий с наибольшими значениями поверхностной энергии и минимальным соотношением N₂ : C₇H₈.Досліджено вплив поверхневої хімії та змочування на клітинну адгезію in vitro для аморфних вуглеводних покриттів, що мають різні концентрації азоту. Структура поверхні покриттів була досліджена методами скануючої електронної та атомно-силової мікроскопії. Енергії зв'язку були характеризовані методом фотоелектронної спектроскопії. Змочування поверхні було проаналізовано методом контактного кута, а поверхнева енергія розраховувалась згідно з рівнянням Робертсона. Біосумісність оцінювалася згідно з стандартними методиками. Найкращі параметри були отримані для покриттів з найбільшими значеннями поверхневої енергії та найменшим співвідношенням N₂ : C₇H₈

Effect of substrate bias voltage parameters on surface properties of ta-C coatings

The study presents the technology of the formation of amorphous ta-C films, deposited by pulsed vacuum-arc method with the use of a water-cooled electromagnetic Venetian blind plasma filter. The effect of the substrate bias voltage, in the range of -25 to -200 V, on the structural and surface properties of ta-C coatings was analyzed. The strong correlation between surface properties of amorphous ta-C films depending on substrate bias voltage variations and characteristic changes in the content of the diamond-like sp³ fraction was observed.Представлена технология формирования аморфных покрытий ta-C, нанесенных импульсным вакуумно-дуговым методом с использованием охлаждаемого электромагнитного фильтра плазмы. Проанализирован эффект изменения смещения потенциала подложки в диапазоне значений от -25 до -200 В и его влияние на структурные и поверхностные свойства покрытий ta-C. Обнаружена корреляция между поверхностными свойствами аморфных покрытий ta-C и изменениями в содержании sp³-фазы в зависимости от изменения потенциала подложки.Наведена технологія формування аморфних покриттів ta-C, нанесених імпульсним вакуум-дуговим методом з використанням охлаждаемого електромагнітного фільтра плазми. В роботі був проаналізований ефект зміни зміщення потенціалу підкладки в діапазоні значень від -25 до -200 В і його вплив на структурні і поверхневі властивості покриттів of ta-C. Була виявлена кореляція між поверхневими властивостями аморфних покриттів ta-C і змінами в змісті sp³ фази в залежності від зміни потенціалу підкладки

Influence of CSP 310 and CSP 310-like proteins from cereals on mitochondrial energetic activity and lipid peroxidation in vitro and in vivo

BACKGROUND: The development of chilling and freezing injury symptoms in plants is known to frequently coincide with peroxidation of free fatty acids. Mitochondria are one of the major sources of reactive oxygen species during cold stress. Recently it has been suggested that uncoupling of oxidation and phosphorylation in mitochondria during oxidative stress can decrease ROS formation by mitochondrial respiratory chain generation. At the same time, it is known that plant uncoupling mitochondrial protein (PUMP) and other UCP-like proteins are not the only uncoupling system in plant mitochondria. All plants have cyanide-resistant oxidase (AOX) whose activation causes an uncoupling of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. Recently it has been found that in cereals, cold stress protein CSP 310 exists, and that this causes uncoupling of oxidation and phosphorylation in mitochondria. RESULTS: We studied the effects of CSP 310-like native cytoplasmic proteins from a number of cereal species (winter rye, winter wheat, Elymus and maize) on the energetic activity of winter wheat mitochondria. This showed that only CSP 310 (cold shock protein with molecular weight 310 kD) caused a significant increase of non-phosphorylative respiration. CSP 310-like proteins of other cereals studied did not have any significant influence on mitochondrial energetic activity. It was found that among CSP 310-like proteins only CSP 310 had prooxidant activity. At the same time, Elymus CSP 310-like proteins have antioxidant activity. The study of an influence of infiltration by different plant uncoupling system activators (pyruvate, which activates AOX, and linoleic acid which is a substrate and activator for PUMP and CSP 310) showed that all of these decreased lipid peroxidation during cold stress. CONCLUSIONS: Different influence of CSP 310-like proteins on mitochondrial energetic activity and lipid peroxidation presumably depend on the various subunit combinations in their composition. All the plant cell systems that caused an uncoupling of oxidation and phosphorylation in plant mitochondria can participate in plant defence from oxidative damage during cold stress

Bioregulation of amplitude-phase biological activity of Candida albicans by women reproductive tract microsymbionts

In this study, we propose a chronobiological method for examining inter-microbial interactions in bacterial and fungal associations in female reproductive tract. Fungal and bacterial species were isolated in 45 women of reproductive aged 19–35, with regular menstrual cycle, applying no hormonal contraceptives, without previous gynecological surgery, abortions, miscarriages with vaginal eubiosis and dysbiosis in history. Sexually transmitted diseases (HIV infection, syphilis, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, chlamydiosis) were excluded in all subjects. Proliferation rate, morphogenesis and phospholipase activity were examined within the 48-hour period every 4 hours, in winter time, Moon phase IV. The data obtained were assessed by using Student’s t-test, Wilcoxon test, and least squares method. All subjects were divided into the groups: group 1 — women with vaginal eubiosis, group 2 — women with vaginal dysbiosis. It was shown that in all subjects experimental parameters of C. albicans cultures showed a diurnal dynamics characterized in healthy women by circadian rhythms with a single peak of activity. However, in women with vaginal dysbiosis C. albicans was characterized by significant ultradian (around 12 hours long) rhythms with two peaks of biological activity. Concurrence and consistency in manifested physiological functions related to clinical isolates was coupled to temporal pattern of distributed biological resources in fungi depending on course of infectious process. It was found that in vaginal eubiosis exometabolites released by dominant associated microbiota did not significantly change microbiota-related amplitude-phase parameters. The data obtained evidenced that temporal pattern of parameters related to C. albicans from healthy individuals was stable and independent on bacterial metabolites. In contrast, dominant microsymbiont in vaginal dysbiosis inhibited fungi-related rhythms, which might be important in establishing lactobacillus-associated biotope colonization resistance. Effects of metabolites released by the associated microbiota typical to dysbiosis was revealed by increased mesor, amplitude, preserved biorhythm spectral pattern in examined properties as well as amplitude-phase characteristics indicating at enhanced or sustained C. albicans adaptive potential. Therefore, the amplitude-phase parameter of C. albicans physiological activity served as a marker of opposite (enhanced/weakened) effect of microsymbiont survival described in “microbial dominant-associate” pairs

Bose-Einstein condensate as a diagnostic tool for an optical lattice formed by 1064 nm laser light

Recently, the thulium atom has been cooled down to the temperature of Bose-Einstein condensation. While the condensate of the thulium atom has a lot of applications in quantum simulations and other areas of physics, it can also serve as a unique diagnostic tool for many atomic experiments. In the present study, the Bose-Einstein condensate of the thulium atom was successfully utilized to diagnose an optical lattice and detect unwanted reflections in the experiments with the 1064 nm optical lattice, which will further be used in a quantum gas microscope experiment

ОСНОВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ СЕЛЕКЦИОННОЙ РАБОТЫ С САДОВЫМИ РОЗАМИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЮЖНОГО БЕРЕГА КРЫМА

The article presents the analysis of breeding work with garden roses, carried out in the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens (NBG) from 1824 to the present time. There are three main historical stages, which have different breeding tasks, as well as methods of work: the first stage is connected with the work of N.A. Hartwiss, the second stage – N.D. Kostetsky and the third one – V.N. Klimenko, Z.K. Klimenko and K.I. Zykov. The most significant breeding achievements of the NBG’s rose breeders are indicated. Based on the analysis of the results of the introduction study of garden roses in the NBG, the main features of garden roses cultivation in the Southern Coast of the Crimea (SCC) are specified and the requirements for cultivars created for these conditions are determined. It is established that currently in the breeding work with roses in the NBG, there are four main directions. The first direction is the creation of cultivars with multiple long flowering, the total duration of which can exceed 200 days. A cultivar must endure difficult xerothermic conditions of the Southern Coast in July – August without losing of decorative value. The second task is the selection work with garden groups that are difficult to cultivate in the more northern areas. Among them, under conditions of the SCC, there are highly promising garden groups of miniature and climbing roses. The third direction of breeding is to increase resistance to major fungal diseases affecting roses under the conditions of the SCC. The basic breeding methods to achieve this objective are given. The fourth research line is the creation of cultivars with a strong aroma. These cultivars can be used in aerophytotherapeutic rosaries, arrangement of which in the SCC is relevant in connection with the development of the resort industry.В статье представлен анализ селекционной работы с садовыми розами, проводимой в Никитском ботаническом саду (НБС) с 1824 г и до настоящего времени. Выделены три основных исторических этапа (первый связан с работой Н.А. Гартвиса, второй – Н.Д. Костецкого, третий – В.Н. Клименко, З.К. Клименко и К.И. Зыкова), отличающиеся селекционными задачами, а также методами работы. Указаны наиболее значимые селекционные достижения селекционеров роз НБС. На основании анализа результатов интродукционного изучения садовых роз в НБС сформулированы основные особенности культивирования садовых роз в условиях Южного берега Крыма (ЮБК) и определены требования к сортам, создаваемым для этих условий. Установлено, что в настоящее время в селекционной работе с розами в НБС существуют четыре основных направления. Первое направление – это создание сортов с многократным, продолжительным цветением, суммарная продолжительность которого может превышать 200 дней. При этом сорт должен переносить сложные ксеротермические условия ЮБК в июле – августе без снижения декоративности. Второй задачей является селекционная работа с садовыми группами, которые трудны в культивировании в более северных районах. Из их числа в условиях ЮБК высоко перспективными являются садовые группы миниатюрных и плетистых роз. Третьим направлением селекции является повышение устойчивости к основным грибным болезням, поражающим розы в условиях ЮБК. Приведены основные селекционные методы, позволяющие достичь этой цели. Четвертое направление – создание сортов с сильным ароматом. Такие сорта могут использоваться в аэрофитотерапевтических розариях, устройство которых на ЮБК актуально в связи с развитием курортной индустрии

Efficacy and safety of ultra-low dose inhaled melphalan in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Background. One of the most important components of COVID-19 therapy is the suppression of the hyperergic immune response. There is an urgent need of creating the optimal tactics of efficient and safe anti-inflammatory therapy. A new method of treatment of COVID-19 with inhalation of ultra-low (non-cytotoxic) doses of the alkylating drug melphalan is proposed, based on previous experimental, preclinical, and clinical data on its use in severe bronchial asthma.The aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of inhalation of ultra-low doses of melphalan in hospitalized patients with COVID-19-associated lung damage.Materials and methods. A prospective, open, controlled, blind for the central expert study was conducted. Sixty adult patients were included, 30 patients were consecutively admitted to the hospital and received nebulized inhalations of 0.1 mg of melphalan for 7 days. Thirty patients of the control group were selected by an independent expert retrospectively using the computer algorithm for selecting «close» patients based on the «case-control» principle. The primary endpoints were the dynamics on the WHO Clinical Improvement Scale and the dynamics of dyspnea according to the modified Borg scale, secondary – assessment of adverse events, dynamics of indicators of clinical, biochemical blood tests, lungs computed tomography data from the beginning of inhalations in the melphalan group and from the corresponding day in the control group.Results. Inhalations of melphalan led to a significant improvement in the clinical condition of patients according to the WHO scale, decrease in the intensity of dyspnea on day 7 of treatment and by the time of discharge, a significant anti-inflammatory effect. Adverse events and dynamics of laboratory parameters did not differ from the control group.Conclusion. The method of treatment of COVID-19 by inhalation of ultra-low doses of the alkylating drug melphalan is safe and leads to a significant clinical improvement of hospitalized patients with COVID-19-associated lung damage