Labor Relations in the Conditions of Digitization of The Economy

The article analyses modern tendencies of development of the digital economy, given their role in the development of society and, as a consequence, in the transformation of socio-economic relations. The goal is to identify the main directions of training in the digital environment. It is shown that in addition to training professionals in the IT industry is required a high-quality training in the field of management, i.e. in the area of systems-organization of interaction of the ecosystem of people and machines, where routine operations will be done by machines, intelligent control and regulatory function management

Checklist, distribution and bibliography of Mongolian Siphonaptera

Flea fauna in Mongolia is relatively unknown though the publications dealing with this problem are not few. The p·apers until 1966 are concerning ma.inly the territories delimited by natural plagua focis. Only in later periods, simu ltaneously with the intensive zoological research of the whole territory of the Mongolian People\u27s Republic, the more detailed research of flea fauna on the whole territory takes place. The systematic research began thanks to the Mongolian-German and MongolianHungarian expeditions, the members of which have collected considerable parasitological material covering the part of northern, eastern and western Mongolia. Since the year 1970 the Soviet-Mongolian academic expedition has been working on the territory of the Mongolian People\u27s Republic, as well as the Complex Chubsugul Mongolian-Soviet expedition, in which the members of the Comenius University in Bratislava have been working since the year 1974. On the basis of our own collections and the collections obtained from the Soviet-Mongolian academic expedition, from the Mongolian-German expedition, from the chair of Zoology Mongolian State University, from the Academy of science in Ulaan Baatar, and on the basis of literary data, on the territory of Mongolia there were recorded 157 species and subspecies of fleas. In future, many data (published) on the basis of single findings must be verified on some more materials from the viewpoint of progress in taxonomy in this group. There are concerned some species with cosmopolitan distribution (Xenopsylla cheopis, Ctenocephalides felis, Neopsylla teratura teratura, Rhadinopsylla li li, R. li ventricosa, subspecies Malaraeus penicilliger, Frontopsylla elata, Frontopsylla frontalis dubiosa, Citellophilus tesquorum mongolicus). The checklist contains: the sequence number of the taxon, the name of the taxon, the list of the publications mentioning the species in question. The publications are numbered as in the bibliography. Later, the localities are alleged, where the ajmaks are marked by the Roman figures and the localities in different ajmaks a.re marked by the Arabian figures. The division of ajmak and the localities are alleged on the map No. 1. The names of the localities are original Mongolian with the transcription into English

INFLUENCE THE MODE OF HOMOGENIZATION ON INDICATORS SUPERPLASTICITY IN ALLOY AL–MG SYSTEM

Методами световой микроскопии, механических испытаний исследовано влияние 4 различных режимов гомогенизационного отжига на структуру и показатели сверхпластичности сплава системы Al–Mg, легированного эвтектикообразующими переходными металлами, с добавкой скандия. Выбран оптимальный режим гомогенизации сплава для обеспечения высоких показателей сверхпластичности.Methods of light microscopy, mechanical tests have investigated influence of 4 various modes of homogenizing on structure and indicators of superplasticity of the alloy of the Al-Mg system alloyed by transitional metals with scandium additive. The optimum mode of homogenization of alloy for providing high rates of superplasticity is chosen

Nonspaced inverted DNA repeats are preferential targets for homology-directed gene repair in mammalian cells

DNA repeats constitute potential sites for the nucleation of secondary structures such as hairpins and cruciforms. Studies performed mostly in bacteria and yeast showed that these noncanonical DNA structures are breakage-prone, making them candidate targets for cellular DNA repair pathways. Possible culprits for fragility at repetitive DNA sequences include replication and transcription as well as the action of structure–specific nucleases. Despite their patent biological relevance, the parameters governing DNA repeat-associated chromosomal transactions remain ill-defined. Here, we established an episomal recombination system based on donor and acceptor complementary DNA templates to investigate the role of direct and inverted DNA repeats in homologous recombination (HR) in mammalian cells. This system allowed us also to ascertain in a stringent manner the impact of repetitive sequence replication on homology-directed gene repair. We found that nonspaced DNA repeats can, per se, engage the HR pathway of the cell and that this process is primarily dependent on their spacing and relative arrangement (i.e. parallel or antiparallel) rather than on their sequence. Indeed, our data demonstrate that contrary to direct and spaced inverted repeats, nonspaced inverted repeats are intrinsically recombinogenic motifs in mammalian cells lending experimental support to their role in genome dynamics in higher eukaryotes

Система управления инцидентами и проблемами производства с использованием методологии ITSM и системы проектирования Bizagi

В статье рассмотрены общие принципы подсистемы управления качеством, разобраны понятия инцидента и проблемы. Подробно рассмотрен технологический бизнес-процесс обработки инцидента, приведены наиболее сложные процессы совершенствования. Представлено поэтапное разделение обработки инцидентов и их реализация в системе управления качеством.The article is about discussing of general principles of quality management subsystem. Particular it presents incidents and problems. It’s considered in detail technology business process elaborating of incidents, this point focusing on difficult processes which improves describing subsystem. In the text illustrate how incidents are elaborating and how they are realize in the quality management subsystem

Chromosomal Inversions between Human and Chimpanzee Lineages Caused by Retrotransposons

The long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) and Alu elements are the most abundant mobile elements comprising 21% and 11% of the human genome, respectively. Since the divergence of human and chimpanzee lineages, these elements have vigorously created chromosomal rearrangements causing genomic difference between humans and chimpanzees by either increasing or decreasing the size of genome. Here, we report an exotic mechanism, retrotransposon recombination-mediated inversion (RRMI), that usually does not alter the amount of genomic material present. Through the comparison of the human and chimpanzee draft genome sequences, we identified 252 inversions whose respective inversion junctions can clearly be characterized. Our results suggest that L1 and Alu elements cause chromosomal inversions by either forming a secondary structure or providing a fragile site for double-strand breaks. The detailed analysis of the inversion breakpoints showed that L1 and Alu elements are responsible for at least 44% of the 252 inversion loci between human and chimpanzee lineages, including 49 RRMI loci. Among them, three RRMI loci inverted exonic regions in known genes, which implicates this mechanism in generating the genomic and phenotypic differences between human and chimpanzee lineages. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of mobile element bases inversion breakpoints between human and chimpanzee lineages, and highlights their role in primate genome evolution

Histone Deacetylase Complexes Promote Trinucleotide Repeat Expansions

Genetic analysis in budding yeast and in cultured human astrocytes reveals that specific histone deacetylase complexes accelerate expansion mutations in DNA triplet repeats

Friedreich's Ataxia (GAA)n•(TTC)n Repeats Strongly Stimulate Mitotic Crossovers in Saccharomyces cerevisae

Expansions of trinucleotide GAA•TTC tracts are associated with the human disease Friedreich's ataxia, and long GAA•TTC tracts elevate genome instability in yeast. We show that tracts of (GAA)230•(TTC)230 stimulate mitotic crossovers in yeast about 10,000-fold relative to a “normal” DNA sequence; (GAA)n•(TTC)n tracts, however, do not significantly elevate meiotic recombination. Most of the mitotic crossovers are associated with a region of non-reciprocal transfer of information (gene conversion). The major class of recombination events stimulated by (GAA)n•(TTC)n tracts is a tract-associated double-strand break (DSB) that occurs in unreplicated chromosomes, likely in G1 of the cell cycle. These findings indicate that (GAA)n•(TTC)n tracts can be a potent source of loss of heterozygosity in yeast

Ctp1 and the MRN-Complex Are Required for Endonucleolytic Rec12 Removal with Release of a Single Class of Oligonucleotides in Fission Yeast

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are formed during meiosis by the action of the topoisomerase-like Spo11/Rec12 protein, which remains covalently bound to the 5′ ends of the broken DNA. Spo11/Rec12 removal is required for resection and initiation of strand invasion for DSB repair. It was previously shown that budding yeast Spo11, the homolog of fission yeast Rec12, is removed from DNA by endonucleolytic cleavage. The release of two Spo11 bound oligonucleotide classes, heterogeneous in length, led to the conjecture of asymmetric cleavage. In fission yeast, we found only one class of oligonucleotides bound to Rec12 ranging in length from 17 to 27 nucleotides. Ctp1, Rad50, and the nuclease activity of Rad32, the fission yeast homolog of Mre11, are required for endonucleolytic Rec12 removal. Further, we detected no Rec12 removal in a rad50S mutant. However, strains with additional loss of components localizing to the linear elements, Hop1 or Mek1, showed some Rec12 removal, a restoration depending on Ctp1 and Rad32 nuclease activity. But, deletion of hop1 or mek1 did not suppress the phenotypes of ctp1Δ and the nuclease dead mutant (rad32-D65N). We discuss what consequences for subsequent repair a single class of Rec12-oligonucleotides may have during meiotic recombination in fission yeast in comparison to two classes of Spo11-oligonucleotides in budding yeast. Furthermore, we hypothesize on the participation of Hop1 and Mek1 in Rec12 removal