Леся Українка та Михайло Грушевський: творчі контакти та суспільно-політичні погляди

The article is devoted to the study of little-known pages of Ukrainian journalism, in particular, the critical socio-historical and epistolary heritage of Lesya Ukrainka and M. Hrushevsky as iconic figures of Ukrainian culture. It is pointed out that the insufficient study of creative contacts between the writer Lesya Ukrainka and the political and public figure, the historian, the publicist M. Hrushevsky, is caused by ideological factors, which in Soviet times led to the withdrawal of information about the contacts of these figures from scientific communication. It was emphasized that the dominant direction of the "Great Ukrainian" and "Daughter of Prometheus", as evidenced not only by their literary-critical, journalistic works but also their correspondence, was the departure from the traditional Little Russian type of thinking, formation of European spiritual landmarks and values, reflection on Ukrainian "Historical" fate. The use of the historical method revealed the common socio-political views of Lesya Ukrainka and M. Hrushevsky on the role of the Ukrainian intellectuals, the development of Ukrainian culture, the formation of the European vector of development, bridging the gap and returning to a one-stage life with the Western world.Стаття присвячена вивченню маловідомих сторінок української публіцистики, зокрема критичної суспільно-історичної та епістолярної спадщини знакових постатей української культури Лесі Українки та М. Грушевського. Вказано, що недостатнє вивчення на сьогодні творчих контактів письменниці Лесі Українки й політичного та громадського діяча, історика, публіциста М. Грушевського зумовлено ідеологічними чинниками, що в радянський час призвело до вилучення відомостей про контакти цих діячів із наукової комунікації.  Наголошено, що домінантним напрямом творчості «Великого українця» і «Дочки Прометея», що засвідчують не тільки їх літературно-критичні, публіцистичні твори, але й листування, був відхід від традиційного малоросійського типу мислення, формування європейських духовних орієнтирів та цінностей, роздуми над українською «історичною» долею. Використання історичного методу дозволило виявити спільність у соціально-політичних поглядах Лесі Українки та М. Грушевського щодо ролі української інтелігенції, розвитку української культури, вироблення європейського вектора розвитку, подолання розриву й повернення до одностадіальності життя із західноєвропейським світом. &nbsp

Рівень пролактину у пацієнтів з ХХН V стадії, які лікуються гемодіалізом

Розповсюдженість гіперпролатинемії у пацієнтів, які лікуються гемодіалізом (ГД), становить 30-65%. Метою нашої роботи було дослідити рівень пролактину (ПЛ) у пацієнтів з хронічною хворобою нирок (ХХН) V стадії, які лікуються ГД. Матеріали та методи. Відкрите проспективне нерандомізоване дослідження за участю 43 пацієнтів з ХХН VД стадії, які лікуються гемодіалізом. Критеріями включення пацієнтів до дослідження були: інформована згода хворого прийняти участь у дослідженні, лікування ГД понад трьох місяців, Кt/V>1,2; судинний доступ АВ-фістула. Критеріями виключення були: відмова хворого від участі у дослідженні, цироз печінки, гострі гепатити В, С, гіпотиреоз, гострий коронарний синдром, гостре порушення мозкового кровообігу, вагітність, пацієнти з злоякісними новоутвореннями; ті хто, системно отримує такі медикаменти, як трициклічні антидепресанти, інгібітори моноамінооксидази, резерпін, метилдопу, похідні фенотіазину, протиблювотні препарати (зокреама метоклопрамід), інгібітори синтезу дофаміну, нейролептики. Всім хворим проводили визначення ПЛ в сироватці крові. Результати. У хворих, які лікуються ГД констатовано підвищений рівень ПЛ у 32 (74%) пацієнтів. Рівень ПЛ сироватки крові у хворих, які лікуються ГД, був вищим порівняно з групою контролю: 47,17 ± 32,4 проти 11,76 ± 4,33нг/мл (р<0,001). Порушення місячного циклу склало 85% у групі жінок з підвищеним рівнем ПЛ проти 20% у жінок з нормальним рівнем ПЛ (р<0,05). У групах жінок та чоловіків з підвищеним рівнем ПЛ достовірно нижчий рівень Нb (р<0,05). Встановлено, що рівень ПЛ мав негативний кореляційний зв'язок з рівнем Нb(r=-0,36; p=0,02) та позитивний кореляційний звʼязок між рівнем ПЛ та СРБ (r=0,32; p=0,03). Висновки. Розповсюдженість гіперпролактинемії в нашому дослідженні склала 74%. Порушення менструального циклу зустрічалося достовірно частіше у жінок з гіперпролактинемією (85% проти 20%). Підвищення концентрації ПЛ має негативний зв'язок з рівнем Нb та позитивний зв'язок з рівнем СРП, що дозволяє припускати причетність ПЛ до процесів хронічного запалення

The level of chorionic gonadotropin in postmenopausal women with CKD V stage treated with hemodialysis

The chorionic gonadotropin (CGT) test is used to diagnose and monitor the course ofpregnancy, including ectopic, to detect fetal abnormalities, trophoblastic diseases, preeclampsia, ovarian tumors, lungs, stomach, intestine, bladder, kidneys, prostate. The level of CGT is often elevated in postmenopausal women treated with hemodialysis (HD). Its significance is still not well understood, and therefore requires further study. The aim of our work was to investigate the level of CGT in postmenopausal women treated with HD. Methods. The determination of the level of CGT in 23 postmenopausal women treated with HD. The main inclusion criteria were as follows: oral informed consent of the patient to participate in the study, the presence of CKD stage VD and treatment of HD for at least 6 months. Exclusion criteria: severe functional disorders (liver, heart, respiratory failure), cancer processes, smoking, taking substitution hormonal therapy, lack of consent of the patient. The results were compared with the CGT levels in 20 healthy menopausal women (group II). Results. A statistically significant difference was found between the I group (postmenopausal women treated with HD) and II group (women without chronic kidney disease (CKD) (t = 3.62, p = 0.001). It was also found that CGT was increased in 9 (39%) of 23 women treated with HD. The norm of CGT in postmenopausal women is <14.0 IU/L, therefore the deviation of the index in the I group (13.63 ± 2.83 IU/L) is within the reference values. However, it does not explain the statistically significant difference between the CGT indices in the I group compared to the II group (p<0.01). Possibly, the presence of CKD contributes to the increase in HGT. Conclusions. Authentically higher rates of CGT in postmenopausal women treated with HD compared with women without CKD were detected. Thus, CKD can affect the serum level of CGT, probably due to disruption, but this issue has not been studied, and requires further investigation

Timescales and settings for alteration of chondritic meteorites

Most groups of chondritic meteorites experienced diverse styles of secondary alteration to various degrees that resulted in formation of hydrous and anhydrous minerals (e.g., phyllosilicates, magnetite, carbonates, ferrous olivine, hedenbergite, wollastonite, grossular, andradite, nepheline, sodalite, Fe,Ni-carbides, pentlandite, pyrrhotite, Ni-rich metal). Mineralogical, petrographic, and isotopic observations suggest that the alteration occurred in the presence of aqueous solutions under variable conditions (temperature, water/rock ratio, redox conditions, and fluid compositions) in an asteroidal setting, and, in many cases, was multistage. Although some alteration predated agglomeration of the final chondrite asteroidal bodies (i.e. was pre-accretionary), it seems highly unlikely that the alteration occurred in the solar nebula, nor in planetesimals of earlier generations. Short-lived isotope chronologies ({sup 26}Al-{sup 26}Mg, {sup 53}Mn-{sup 53}Cr, {sup 129}I-{sup 129}Xe) of the secondary minerals indicate that the alteration started within 1-2 Ma after formation of the Ca,Al-rich inclusions and lasted up to 15 Ma. These observations suggest that chondrite parent bodies must have accreted within the first 1-2 Ma after collapse of the protosolar molecular cloud and provide strong evidence for an early onset of aqueous activity on these bodies

Analysis of modern optical means of measurement control and diagnostic of parameters biological tissues based on digital colorimetry

Здійснено аналіз сучасних оптичних засобів вимірювального контролю та діагностування параметрів біотканин но основі цифрової колориметрії. Проаналізовано структурні схеми колориметричних засобів промислового виробництва.Осуществлен анализ современных оптических средств измерительного контроля и диагностирования параметров биотканей но основе цифровой колориметрии. Проанализированы структурные схемы колориметрических средств промышленного производстваThe analysis of modern optical means of measuring control and diagnostic parameters of biological tissues but based digital colorimetry. Colorimetric analyzes structural scheme of industrial production

ANALYSIS OF THE MORTALITY STRUCTURE IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

Studies of the mortality structure in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) remain relevant and are the basis for developing measures and recommendations directed to increase the lifetime of patients. Aim. The aim was to study the assessment of death causes in patients who received programmed hemodialysis, based on the demographic and gender characteristics, the duration of dialysis treatment. Methods. Mortality causes in 137 patients who received programmed hemodialysis from 2007 to 2011 years in Kyiv City Scientific and Practical Center of Nephrology an Dialysis were analyzed. Results. The leading cause of death was cardiovascular complications, but their decreasing has been observed since 2008. Fatality rate in young and middle- aged women with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) was almost two times higher than that of men. At the same time CVD is a predominant cause of men’s death at the age older than 44. Cerebrovascular complications were permanently in the second place of the mortality structure. About 30% of deaths occurred during the first 90 days of HD treatment, 72,5% of them were among males. Conclusion. Gender characteristics influence the structure of death causes in patients received programmed hemodialysis depending on age

ДОЛГОЖИВУЩИЕ РАДИОНУКЛИДЫ ПРИ ПОЛУЧЕНИИ [18F]ФТОРХОЛИНА ДЛЯ ПЭТ-ДИАГНОСТИКИ

In the present study the distribution of long-lived radionuclides between the drug product, recovered water [ 18O]H2 O and solid phase extraction cartridges was studied in [18F]fluorocholine production process. Isotopic composition for long-lived nuclides (half-lives = 10–312 days) was determined, the mechanisms of their formation and accumulation on cartridges are considered. It was shown that in the batches of pharmaceutical produced the content of long-lived nuclides is by 5 orders of magnitude lower than the limit value specified by the appropriate 07/2016:2793 European Pharmacopoeia article. The results obtained are of vital importance for optimization of the procedures for radioactive waste management in the production of [18F]fluorocholine using IBA Cyclone 18/9 HC cyclotron and, consequently, for minimization of radiation exposure of personnel.Исследовано распределение долгоживущих радионуклидов между готовой лекарственной формой, регенерированной водой [18O]H2 O и картриджами сорбционной очистки в процессе производства [18F]фторхолина. Определен изотопный состав долгоживущих радионуклидов (t 1/2 = 10–312 сут), рассмотрены механизмы их образования и накопления на картриджах. Показано, что в произведенных партиях радиофармпрепарата содержание долгоживущих радионуклидов на 5 порядков ниже предельных значений, задаваемых соответствующей статьей 07/2016:2793 Европейской фармакопеи. Полученные результаты имеют важное значение для оптимизации методов обращения с радиоактивными отходами при производстве [ 18F]фторхолина с использованием циклотрона IBA Cyclone 18/9 HC и, как следствие, минимизации дозовых нагрузок персонала

Exploring the Bimodal Solar System via Sample Return from the Main Asteroid Belt: The Case for Revisiting Ceres

Abstract: Sample return from a main-belt asteroid has not yet been attempted, but appears technologically feasible. While the cost implications are significant, the scientific case for such a mission appears overwhelming. As suggested by the “Grand Tack” model, the structure of the main belt was likely forged during the earliest stages of Solar System evolution in response to migration of the giant planets. Returning samples from the main belt has the potential to test such planet migration models and the related geochemical and isotopic concept of a bimodal Solar System. Isotopic studies demonstrate distinct compositional differences between samples believed to be derived from the outer Solar System (CC or carbonaceous chondrite group) and those that are thought to be derived from the inner Solar System (NC or non-carbonaceous group). These two groups are separated on relevant isotopic variation diagrams by a clear compositional gap. The interface between these two regions appears to be broadly coincident with the present location of the asteroid belt, which contains material derived from both groups. The Hayabusa mission to near-Earth asteroid (NEA) (25143) Itokawa has shown what can be learned from a sample-return mission to an asteroid, even with a very small amount of sample. One scenario for main-belt sample return involves a spacecraft launching a projectile that strikes an object and flying through the debris cloud, which would potentially allow multiple bodies to be sampled if a number of projectiles are used on different asteroids. Another scenario is the more traditional method of landing on an asteroid to obtain the sample. A significant range of main-belt asteroids are available as targets for a sample-return mission and such a mission would represent a first step in mineralogically and isotopically mapping the asteroid belt. We argue that a sample-return mission to the asteroid belt does not necessarily have to return material from both the NC and CC groups to viably test the bimodal Solar System paradigm, as material from the NC group is already abundantly available for study. Instead, there is overwhelming evidence that we have a very incomplete suite of CC-related samples. Based on our analysis, we advocate a dedicated sample-return mission to the dwarf planet (1) Ceres as the best means of further exploring inherent Solar System variation. Ceres is an ice-rich world that may be a displaced trans-Neptunian object. We almost certainly do not have any meteorites that closely resemble material that would be brought back from Ceres. The rich heritage of data acquired by the Dawn mission makes a sample-return mission from Ceres logistically feasible at a realistic cost. No other potential main-belt target is capable of providing as much insight into the early Solar System as Ceres. Such a mission should be given the highest priority by the international scientific community

Catching Element Formation In The Act ; The Case for a New MeV Gamma-Ray Mission: Radionuclide Astronomy in the 2020s

High Energy Astrophysic

Improving A Procedure for Estimating the Suitability of Raw Material Mixtures for Molding Articles by A Semi-dry Pressing Method Based on the Analysis of Compression Curves

This paper has proposed a simplified procedure for the rapid assessment of the suitability of small-scale articles made from various raw mixtures (hereafter referred to as mixtures) for semi-dry pressing (SP) at molding presses, which could employ fillers composed of slag, ash, dust, and other industrial waste, whose properties are heterogeneous. The procedure is based on an assessment of the degree of negative impact on the quality indicators of articles due to the error of their density Dρ≥±2.5 %, associated with the imperfection of bulk dosing devices that the SP molding presses are equipped with. It has been established that the mixtures can be graded on the basis of the steepness of a compression curve (CC) ‒ the dependence qi=f(ρi), where qi and (ρi) are the current values of pressure (in MPa) and density of the mixture array (in g/cm3). A criterion applied to define the mixture's suitability to SP is a multiplier b (in cm3/g) included in the dependence. It is shown that the mixture of type I (at b≤8) is suitable for SP at the multi-cavity molding presses. The mixture of type III (at b&gt;12) is problematic; its composition must be adjusted to re-determine b. The mixture of type II (at b=8...12) requires additional research, proposed to be carried out in two stages. The first stage implies a low-cost determination of the dependence of the strength of SP samples on pressure σ=f(q) and testing the minimum strength σmin, as well as for the criteria of steepness K and permissible pressure qу. The ranges of K and qу have been determined, in which a more laborious second stage is needed to check for the absence of an «overpressing» defect. If all stages of the tests are successful, the mixture belongs to type I; if not ‒ to type III. Techniques to improve the suitability of the mixtures to SP have been considered. A promising technique has proven to be the treatment of the mixture in a high-speed roller-type activator, which simultaneously reduces both the CC steepness of the activated mixture and the required pressure of pressing. The study results could expand the application scope of anthropogenic products by utilizing them in the mixtures for S