Improvement of Manufacturing Procedure as Regards Immunosorbents with Magnetic Properties for Chemiluminescent Assay

mc/ml alongside with high specificity. Additionally, experimental works on melioidosis detection in soil samples has testified to the usage of the composite magnetic immunosorbents for ambient environment monitoring against contamination with various microorganisms and for the purpose of indication of particularly dangerous infection agents

Ensuring standardized parameters for the transmission of digital signals by twisted pairs at the technological stage of manufacturing cables for industrial operating technologies

Introduction. In production control and control systems, buildings use many simple devices - sensors to detect light, heat, movement, smoke, humidity and pressure, mechanisms for activation and control of switches, closing devices, alarm, etc. - «operating technologies» (OT). Different communication protocols and field tire technologies, such as Modbus for conditioning systems, Bacnet for access control and Lonworks for lighting, have been traditionally used and used for their connection. Network fragmentation leads to the need to use gateways to transform protocols when creating a single automation system, which complicates the implementation of complex control systems for any object. At the same time, information networks are unified, but the Ethernet protocol used in them for operating technologies for various reasons (technological, cost) has not been widespread. Due to its high bandwidth compared to existing field tire networks, industrial Ethernet is significantly capable of increasing flexibility in the implementation of additional functions in OT. Modern industrial Ethernet networks are based on non - shielded and shielded twisted pair category 5E cables. The presence of additional metal screens in the structure of twisted pair causes the increase in electrical resistance of conductors due to the effect of closeness, the electrical capacity, and the ratio of attenuation in the range of transmission of broadband signals. Purpose. Substantiation of the range of settings of technological equipment to ensure standardized values of the extinction coefficient and immunity based on the analysis of the results of measurements in a wide frequency range of electrical parameters of shielded and unshielded cables for industrial operating technologies. Methodology. Experimental studies have been performed for statistically averaged electrical parameters of the transmission of pairs for 10 and 85 samples of 305 meters long and shielded cables of category 5e, respectively. It is determined that in the frequency range from 1 to 10 MHz, unshielded cables have less values of the attenuation coefficient. In the range of more than 30 MHz, the shielded cables have smaller values of the attenuation due to the influence of the alumopolymer tape screen. It is established that the coefficient of paired correlation between asymmetries of resistance and capacity of twisted pairs is 0,9735 - for unshielded and 0,9257 - for shielded cables. The impact has been proven to a greater extent asymmetry of resistance the pairs on the increasing noise immunity of cables. The influence noise interference on the deviation of the diameter and electrical capacity of the isolated conductor from the nominal values in the stochastic technological process is analyzed. The strategy of technological process settings to ensure the attenuation and the noise immunity in the high -frequency range is substantiated. Practical value. Multiplicative interference, caused by random changes in the stochastic technological process, can lead to a deviation of diameter 2 times from the nominal value at level of probability at 50 %. The equipment settings of the technological equipment must guarantee the coefficient of variation capacity of the insulated conductor at 0.3 % for high level of noise immunity

INCREASING NOISE IMMUNITY OF CABLES FOR FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS

Introduction. Technical means of fire protection systems are capable of operating at data rates from tens to hundreds of Kbit/s with components of a digital signal in the frequency spectrum up to several tens of MHz. Appropriate cable infrastructure with a high level of noise immunity is required to transmit broadband digital signals. Purpose. Substantiation of ways to increase noise immunity of cables based on twisted pairs for modern fire protection systems with the ability to transmit digital signals in the frequency spectrum up to 100 MHz. Methodology. A comparison is made of the influence of the twisting step of pairs in unshielded 4-pair and multi-pair shielded balanced cables on the parameters of electromagnetic effects. It has been experimentally shown that twisting each pair with different steps provides a higher level of noise immunity of cables based on twisted pairs. Practical value. The frequency dependencies of the near end crosstalk in 10-, 30- and 4-pair balanced cables are shown. The influence of the common shield on the attenuation coefficient of the shielded 4-pair cable is established

Expert System for Histological Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

The paper is dedicated to the development of expert system for histological prostate cancer diagnosis. The developed system allows to fill the knowledge base and then to use this knowledge base to support physician decision on the histological diagnosis of prostate disease. Keywords: pattern recognition, prostate cancer diagnosis, decision making, decision support syste

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛИОФИЛИЗАЦИИ НАНОЛИПОСОМАЛЬНОГО ПРЕПАРАТА

The conditions of lyophilization of nanoliposomes with encapsulated gentamicin (liposomal gentamicin) were studied. A mode of its safe lyophilization was suggested. A program for eliminating adverse factors was developed. It includes smooth increase of temperature from -70°C (freezing temperature) to room temperature (22±2)°C and gradual reduction of vacuum from 30 to 10 Pa without jumps and drops. The characteristics of the labile nanoliposomal drugs were not lost. The suggested program consisted of 10 steps allowing computer control to attain a slow and uniform increase in the temperature of the frozen product. The precise control of pressure in the chamber was provided by a system of automatic regulation of vacuum supplied with the equipment. After the rehydration the lyophilized preparations completely restored their original shape and properties.Изучены условия лиофилизации нанолипосом с инкапсулированным гентамицином (липосомальный гентамицин). Предложен мягкий технологический режим лиофилизации по разработанной программе автоматического управления параметрами. Предлагаемая программа состоит из 10 шагов для достижения медленного и равномерного повышения температуры замороженного продукта. Для устранения неблагоприятных факторов в программе, предусмотрено плавное увеличение температуры от -70°С (температура замораживания) до комнатной температуры (22±2)°С и постепенное снижение вакуума от 30 до 10 Па без скачков и перепадов. Точный контроль давления в камере обеспечивается системой автоматического регулирования вакуума, входящего в комплект поставки оборудования. После регидратации лиофилизированные препараты полностью восстановили свою первоначальную форму и свойства

DIAGNOSTIC POTENTIAL OF THE ERYTHROCYTIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN DIAGNOSTICUM FOR INDICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS (DEEP) MYCOSES

Objective of the study was to assess analytical and diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the “Reagent kit. Erythrocytic coccidioidomycosal and histoplasmosal immunoglobulin dry diagnosticum”, designed for identification of causative agents of coccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis in isolated cultures of micromycetes, as well as in clinical and biological samples using indirect hemagglutination test.Materials and methods. The investigation included 264 positive samples (216 samples of micromycete suspensions, 48 samples of biological and clinical material) containing pathogens of histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis concentrated up to 3,12·106 and 1,56·106 cells/ml, respectively, and 128 negative samples containing heterologous microorganisms in concentrations equal to 5·106 cells/ml. The study was carried out using biological samples that were artificially contaminated with stated pathogens of particularly dangerous mycoses and samples, obtained from bioassay animals with experimental infection.Results and conclusions. It is established that diagnostic sensitivity of the reagent kit is not less than 99,0 %. The diagnostic specificity is not less than 98,0 %. Reproducibility of the results in all cases was 100 %. The results obtained testify to the prospect of introduction of the developed kit into the health care practice

Stability analysis of the GAL regulatory network in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces lactis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In the yeast <it>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</it>, interactions between galactose, Gal3p, Gal80p, and Gal4p determine the transcriptional status of the genes required for the galactose utilization. Increase in the cellular galactose concentration causes the galactose molecules to bind onto Gal3p which, via Gal80p, activates Gal4p, which induces the GAL3 and GAL80 gene transcription. Recently, a linear time-invariant multi-input multi-output (MIMO) model of this GAL regulatory network has been proposed; the inputs being galactose and Gal4p, and the outputs being the active Gal4p and galactose utilization. Unfortunately, this model assumes the cell culture to be homogeneous, although it is not so in practice. We overcome this drawback by including more biochemical reactions, and derive a quadratic ordinary differential equation (ODE) based model.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We show that the model, referred to above, does not exhibit bistability. We establish sufficiency conditions for the domain of attraction of an equilibrium point of our ODE model for the special case of full-state feedback controller. We observe that the GAL regulatory system of <it>Kluyveromyces lactis </it>exhibits an aberration of monotone nonlinearity and apply the Rantzer multipliers to establish a class of stabilizing controllers for this system.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Feedback in a GAL regulatory system can be used to enhance the cellular memory. We show that the system can be modeled as a quadratic nonlinear system for which the effect of feedback on the domain of attraction of the equilibrium point can be characterized using <it>linear matrix inequality </it>(LMI) conditions that are easily implementable in software. The benefit of this result is that a mathematically sound approach to the synthesis of full-state and partial-state feedback controllers to regulate the cellular memory is now possible, irrespective of the number of state-variables or parameters of interest.</p

Комплексный подход к профилактике развития отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата

Objective: to determine the efficacy and safety of an integrated strategy aimed at preventing delayed renal graft function (DGF).Materials and methods. From June 2018 to December 2022, 478 deceased-donor kidney transplants were performed at Botkin Hospital, Moscow. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I consisted of 128 patients who did not use the integrated strategy; Group II included 67 patients in whom the DGF prevention strategy was used at the perioperative stage. The integrated strategy involved the use of hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) using expanded criteria donors, the use of a second warm ischemia (SWI) elimination device, personalized initial calcineurin inhibitor (CI) dosing, and use of alprostadil for high vascular resistance in renal graft arteries.Results. DGF occurred in 5 of 44 patients (11.4%) that used the integrated strategy, and in 13 of 44 patients (29.5%) in the control group. The differences were statistically significant (p = 0.034), there was a medium strength relationship between the traits (V = 0.225). The use of the integrated DGF prevention approach reduced the chances of developing DGF by a factor of 0.3 (95% CI: 0.1–0.95). The risk of DGF in the integrated strategy group was 61.3% of the risk of DGF in the non-strategy group, thus the relative risk (RR) is 1.63 (95% CI: 1.1–2.4). Median duration of graft function normalization was statistically significantly lower in group II: 5 (IQR: 3–9) versus 15 (IQR: 7–19) days (p = 0.012). Mean length of hospital stay was 19.1 ± 4.2 (95% CI: 14.5–26.1) bed-days in group I and 13.9 ± 3.4 (95% CI: 9.3–17.2) bed-days in group II. Differences in this indicator were also statistically significant (p = 0.043).Conclusion. The set of DGF prevention measures, developed at Botkin Hospital, evidence-based and implemented in clinical practice, can reduce the burden of modifiable risk factors of this complication significantly, thereby improving treatment outcomes for kidney transplant recipients considerably.Цель: определить эффективность и безопасность применения комплексного подхода к профилактике развития отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата.Материалы и методы. С июня 2018-го по декабрь 2022 года в Городской клинической больнице имени С.П. Боткина выполнено 478 трансплантаций почки от посмертного донора. В зависимости от применения комплексного подхода больные были разделены на две группы: I группу составили 128 больных, кому не применялся комплексный подход; во II группу наблюдения были включены 67 больных, кому на периоперационном этапе применялся комплексный подход к профилактике развития отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата. Комплексный подход заключался в применении машинной оксигенированной холодовой перфузии при использовании доноров с расширенными критериями, применении устройства для элиминации вторичной тепловой ишемии, персонализированном подходе к назначению стартовой дозы ингибитора кальциневрина, применении алпростадила при высоком сосудистом сопротивлении в артериях почечного трансплантата.Результаты. Отсроченная функция почечного трансплантата при использовании комплексного подхода к ее профилактике развилась в 5 из 44 наблюдений (11,4%), в контрольной группе – у 13 из 44 пациентов (29,5%). Различия были статистически значимыми (р = 0,034), и между признаками была отмечена связь средней силы (V = 0,225). Использование комплексного профилактического подхода уменьшало шансы развития ОФПТ в 0,3 раза (95% ДИ: 0,1–0,95). Риск ОФПТ при использовании комплексного подхода составил 61,3% от риска развития отсроченной функции при отсутствии ее профилактики, таким образом, ОР = 1,63 (95% ДИ: 1,1–2,4). Медиана длительности нормализации функции трансплантата была статистически значимо ниже во II группе: 5 (IQR: 3–9) против 15 (IQR: 7–19) суток (р = 0,012). Средняя длительность госпитализации в I группе составила 19,1 ± 4,2 (95% ДИ: 14,5–26,1) койко-дня, во II – 13,9 ± 3,4 (95% ДИ: 9,3–17,2) койко-дня. Различия по данному показателю были также статистически значимыми (р = 0,043).Заключение. Разработанный в Боткинской больнице научно-обоснованный и внедренный в клиническую практику комплекс профилактических мер отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата позволяет существенно снизить бремя модифицируемых факторов риска данного осложнения и тем самым значимо улучшить результаты лечения реципиентов почечного трансплантата

Late pleistocene sedimentation history of the Shirshov Ridge, Bering Sea

The analysis of the lithology, grain-size distribution, clay minerals, and geochemistry of Upper Pleistocene sediments from the submarine Shirshov Ridge (Bering Sea) showed that the main source area was the Yukon–Tanana terrane of Central Alaska. The sedimentary materials were transported by the Yukon River through Beringia up to the shelf break, where they were entrained by a strong northwestward-flowing sea current. The lithological data revealed several pulses of ice-rafted debris deposition, roughly synchronous with Heinrich events, and periods of weaker bottom-current intensity. Based on the geochemical results, we distinguished intervals of an increase in paleoproductivity and extension of the oxygen minimum zone. The results suggest that there were three stages of deposition driven by glacioeustatic sea-level fluctuations and glacial cycles in Alaska

Management of patients who opt for radical prostatectomy during the COVID‐19 pandemic: An International Accelerated Consensus Statement

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic caused delays in definitive treatment of patients with prostate cancer. Beyond the immediate delay a backlog for future patients is expected. Such delays can lead to disease progression. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to develop guidance on criteria for prioritization for surgery and reconfiguring management pathways for non-metastatic stage of prostate cancer who opt for surgical treatment. A second aim was to identify the infection prevention and control (IPC) measures to achieve low likelihood of COVID-19 hazard if radical prostatectomy was to be carried out during the outbreak and whilst the disease is endemic. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: An accelerated consensus process and systematic review. We conducted a systematic review of the evidence on COVID-19 and reviewed international guidance on prostate cancer. These were presented to an international prostate cancer expert panel (n=34) through an online meeting. The consensus process underwent three rounds of survey in total. Additions to the second- and third-round surveys were formulated based on the answers and comments from the previous rounds. OUTCOME MEASURES: Consensus opinion was defined as ≥80% agreement, which were used to reconfigure the prostate cancer pathways. RESULTS: Evidence on the delayed management of patients with prostate cancer is scarce. There was 100% agreement that prostate cancer pathways should be reconfigured and develop measures to prevent nosocomial COVID-19 for patients treated surgically. Consensus was reached on prioritization criteria of patients for surgery and management pathways for those who have delayed treatment. IPC measures to achieve a low likelihood of nosocomial COVID-19 were coined as "COVID-19 cold sites". CONCLUSION: Re-configuring management pathways for prostate cancer patients is recommended if significant delay (>3-6 months) in surgical management is unavoidable. The mapped pathways provide guidance for such patients. The IPC processes proposed provide a framework for providing radical prostatectomy within an environment with low COVID-19 risk during the outbreak or when the disease remains endemic. The broader concepts could be adapted to other indications beyond prostate cancer surgery