Un graffiti con versos del Vizconde de Altamira en la pared del Castell de Alaquàs (c. 1550)

Cuando se realizan las labores de rehabilitación del Castell de Alaquàs (Valencia), entre 2003 y 2006, los arqueólogos logran sacar a la luz una serie de graffiti antiguos de sus paredes, entre los que destacan diez versos escritos hacia 1550, que corresponderían a una décima del Diálogo ¿entre el Sentimiento y el Conocimiento¿ del II Vizconde de Altamira, reputado poeta cancioneril de la época de los Reyes Católicos. El artículo examina este grafitti, en primer lugar en el contexto general de los escasos testimonios conservados de escritura poética sobre paredes de construcciones medievales civiles o religiosas. En segundo lugar, en el contexto de las otras escrituras o dibujos sobre las paredes descubiertos en el estudio arqueológico del Castell d¿Alaquàs. Finalmente, se estudian los versos en el contexto del poema doctrinal del Vizconde, examinando al detalle las pocas pero significativas variantes que presenta este nuevo y curioso testimonio respecto a la tradición textual hasta hoy conocida

Nonstationary spatiotemporal Bayesian data fusion for pollutants in the near‐road environment

Concentrations of near‐road air pollutants (NRAPs) have increased to very high levels in many urban centers around the world, particularly in developing countries. The adverse health effects of exposure to NRAPs are greater when the exposure occurs in the near‐road environment as compared to background levels of pollutant concentration. Therefore, there is increasing interest in monitoring pollutant concentrations in the near‐road environment. However, due to various practical limitations, monitoring pollutant concentrations near roadways and traffic sources is generally rather difficult and expensive. As an alternative, various deterministic computer models that provide predictions of pollutant concentrations in the near‐road environment, such as the research line‐source dispersion model (RLINE), have been developed. A common feature of these models is that their outputs typically display systematic biases and need to be calibrated in space and time using observed pollutant data. In this paper, we present a nonstationary Bayesian data fusion model that uses a novel data set on monitored pollutant concentrations (nitrogen oxides or NOx and fine particulate matter or PM2.5) in the near‐road environment and, combining it with the RLINE model output, provides predictions at unsampled locations. The model can also be used to evaluate whether including the RLINE model output leads to improved pollutant concentration predictions and whether the RLINE model output captures the spatial dependence structure of NRAP concentrations in the near‐road environment. A defining characteristic of the proposed model is that we model the nonstationarity in the pollutant concentrations by using a recently developed approach that includes covariates, postulated to be the driving force behind the nonstationary behavior, in the covariance function.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151876/1/env2581.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151876/2/env2581_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151876/3/ENV_2581-Supp-0001-BDF_supp_material.pd

Multiple scattering of light in optical diagnostics of dense sprays and other complex turbid media

Sprays and other industrially relevant turbid media can be quantitatively and qualitatively characterized using modern optical diagnostics. However, current laser based techniques generate errors in the dense region of sprays due to the multiple scattering of laser radiation e ected by the surrounding cloud of droplets. In most industrial sprays, the scattering of light occurs within the so-called intermediate scattering regime where the average number of scattering events is too great for single scattering to be assumed, but too few for the di usion approximation to be applied. An understanding and adequate prediction of the radiative transfer in this scattering regime is a challenging and non-trivial task that can significantly improve the accuracy and e ciency of optical measurements. A novel technique has been developed for the modelling of optical radiation propagation in inhomogeneous polydisperse scattering media such as sprays. The computational model is aimed to provide both predictive and reliable information, and to improve the interpretation of experimental results in spray diagnostics. Results from simulations are verified against the analytical approach and validated against the experiment by the means of homogeneous solutions of suspended polystyrene spheres. The ability of the technique to simulate various detection conditions, to di erentiate scattering orders and to generate real images of light intensity distributions with high spatial resolution is demonstrated. The model is used for the real case of planar Mie imaging through a typical hollow cone water spray. Versatile usage of this model is exemplified with its applications to image transfer through turbid media, correction of experimental Beer-Lambert measurements, the study of light scattering by single particles in the farfield region, and to simulate the propagation of ultra-short laser pulses within complex scattering media. The last application is fundamental for the development and testing of future optical spray diagnostics; particularly for those based on time-gating detection such as ballistic imaging.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Climate change signal in the ocean circulation of the Tyrrhenian Sea

The Tyrrhenian Sea plays an important role in the winter deep water formation in the northwestern Mediterranean through the water that enters the Ligurian Sea via the Corsica Channel. Therefore, the study of the impact of the changes on the future climate on the Tyrrhenian circulation and its consequences represents an important issue. Furthermore, the seasonally dependent Tyrrhenian circulation, which is rich in dynamical mesoscale structures, is dominated by the interplay of local climate and the basin-wide Mediterranean circulation via the water transport across its major straits, and an adequate representation of its features represents an important modeling challenge. In this work we examine with a regionally coupled atmosphere–ocean model the changes in the Tyrrhenian circulation by the end of the 21st century under the RCP8.5 emission scenario, their driving mechanisms, and their possible impact on winter convection in the NW Mediterranean. Our model successfully reproduces the main features of the Mediterranean Sea and Tyrrhenian Basin present-day circulation. We find that toward the end of the century the winter cyclonic along-slope stream around the Tyrrhenian Basin becomes weaker. This weakening increases the wind work transferred to the mesoscale structures, which become more intense than at present in winter and summer. We also find that, in the future, the northward water transport across the Corsica Channel towards the Liguro-Provençal basin becomes smaller than today. Also, water that flows through this channel presents a stronger stratification because of a generalized warming with a freshening of upper and a saltening of intermediate waters. Both factors may contribute to the interruption of deep water formation in the Gulf of Lions by the end of the century

El imaginario social del aborto en un grupo de mujeres atendidas en el Hospital Santo Tomás, durante los meses de noviembre 2008 a enero 2009

Objetivos generales: A. Conocer el imaginario social del aborto en un grupo de mujeres atendidas en la sala de post-aborto del Hospital Santo Tomás. B. Identificar algunas características sociodemográficas de las mujeres en estudio. Objetivos específicos: 1. Conocer el significado social del aborto en las mujeres y la conciencia que tienen de sí mismas y de los demás. 2. Analizar los valores (respecto al aborto) preferidos, pero amenazados, y los preferidos y apoyados por las mujeres y la sociedad. 3. Indagar y explicar las diversas dimensiones del aborto en este grupo de mujeres. 4. Señalar las consecuencias bio-psico sociales de las mujeres que han tenido algún tipo de aborto, atendidas en la sala postaborto del Hospital Santo Tomás. 5. Aportar información para mejorar la calidad de atención preventiva post-aborto del Hospital Santo Tomás

Surface and Intermediate Water Changes Triggering the Future Collapse of Deep Water Formation in the North Western Mediterranean

Deep water formation (DWF) in the North Western Mediterranean (NWMed) is a key feature of Mediterranean overturning circulation. DWF changes under global warming may have an impact on the Mediterranean biogeochemistry and marine ecosystem. Here we analyze the deep convection in the Gulf of Lions (GoL) in a changing climate using a regional climate system model with a horizontal resolution high enough to represent DWF. We find that under the RCP8.5 scenario the NWMed DWF collapses by 2040–2050, leading to a 92% shoaling in the winter mixed layer by the end of the century. The collapse is related to a strengthening of the vertical stratification in the GoL caused by changes in properties of Modified Atlantic Water and Levantine Intermediate Water, being their relative contribution to the increase of the stratification 57.8% and 42.2%, respectively. The stratification changes also alter the Mediterranean overturning circulation and the exchange with the Atlantic

Inclusion VR: a New Virtual Reality Device for Inclusive Experiences

There are many public and private spaces and environments where design characteristics are a severe impediment to accessibility for people with reduced mobility. Traditional measurements of accessibility are flawed, as they fail to account for people’s mobility and physical differences. Structural barriers and individual mobility limitations that affect travel time, effort, and even successful completion are ignored. An accessibility measurement framework including measures of absolute, gross, closest assignment, single and multiple activity, probabilistic choice, and relative access has been proposed to address this problem [1]. Unfortunately, in most cases, people with reduced mobility are forced to renounce access to public and private spaces. Although the best solution would obviously be to make these places universally accessible, there are some sites where it is very difficult to make architectural changes without altering their identity. Cultural heritage sites are a good example of places where architectural changes are not feasible. This is especially problematic in the case of monuments and archaeological sites, as many of them are not prepared to receive these types of visitors. The European Union considers cultural heritage as a means of achieving social integration [2]. Among its current challenges, the EU is promoting multidisciplinary initiatives that combine expertise in cultural heritage with the resources provided by technology. From another perspective, the use of virtual reality to evaluate and train inexperienced wheelchair users has been proposed [3]. People with motor disabilities can benefit from these types of actions. In situations where the value of a site must be preserved, and the needs of people with limited mobility must be taken into account, building a digital twin of the space can be a way to experience/visit the site through virtual reality

Assessment of the Canary current upwelling system in a regionally coupled climate model

The Canary current upwelling is one of the major eastern boundary coastal upwelling systems in the world, bearing a high productive ecosystem and commercially important fisheries. The Canary current upwelling system (CCUS) has a large latitudinal extension, usually divided into upwelling zones with different characteristics. Eddies, filaments and other mesoscale processes are known to have an impact in the upwelling productivity, thus for a proper representation of the CCUS and high horizontal resolution are required. Here we assess the CCUS present climate in the atmosphere-ocean regionally coupled model. The regional coupled model presents a global oceanic component with increased horizontal resolution along the northwestern African coast, and its performance over the CCUS is assessed against relevant reanalysis data sets and compared with an ensemble of global climate models (GCMs) and an ensemble of atmosphere-only regional climate models (RCMs) in order to assess the role of the horizontal resolution. The coupled system reproduces the larger scale pattern of the CCUS and its latitudinal and seasonal variability over the coastal band, improving the GCMs outputs. Moreover, it shows a performance comparable to the ensemble of RCMs in representing the coastal wind stress and near-surface air temperature fields, showing the impact of the higher resolution and coupling for CCUS climate modelling. The model is able of properly reproducing mesoscale structures, being able to simulate the upwelling filaments events off Cape Ghir, which are not well represented in most of GCMs. Our results stress the ability of the regionally coupled model to reproduce the larger scale as well as mesoscale processes over the CCUS, opening the possibility to evaluate the climate change signal there with increased confidence.Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. Ruben Vazquez was supported through a doctoral grant at the University of Ferrara and University of Cadiz. Dmitry Sein was supported in the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia (No. 0128-2021-0014). This work used resources of the Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum (DKRZ) granted by its Scientific Steering Committee (WLA) under project ID ba0987