New sequence-based data on the relative DNA contents of chromosomes in the normal male and female human diploid genomes for radiation molecular cytogenetics

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The objective of this work is to obtain the correct relative DNA contents of chromosomes in the normal male and female human diploid genomes for the use at FISH analysis of radiation-induced chromosome aberrations. RESULTS: The relative DNA contents of chromosomes in the male and female human diploid genomes have been calculated from the publicly available international Human Genome Project data. New sequence-based data on the relative DNA contents of human chromosomes were compared with the data recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency in 2001. The differences in the values of the relative DNA contents of chromosomes obtained by using different approaches for 15 human chromosomes, mainly for large chromosomes, were below 2%. For the chromosomes 13, 17, 20 and 22 the differences were above 5%. CONCLUSION: New sequence-based data on the relative DNA contents of chromosomes in the normal male and female human diploid genomes were obtained. This approach, based on the genome sequence, can be recommended for the use in radiation molecular cytogenetics

Physical education and health

Each person 's health - it's great value. Taking part in sports and physical education prepare society for life, quenched the body and improve health, promote physical development, raise the necessary personality traits, moral and physical qualities. Physical culture - is a phenomenon that carries significant actions society in the field of ethics, morality and education. Currently, high interest that young people have grown physical development and health. Therefore, this topic is relevant to the present dayУ каждого человека здоровье – это большая ценность. Занятия спортом и физической культурой подготавливают человека к общественной жизни - укрепляют здоровье, способствуют физическому развитию, воспитывают необходимые черты личности, моральные и физические качества. Физическая культура – это явление, которое выполняет значимые действия общества в области этики, морали и воспитания. В настоящее время высока заинтересованность в том, что бы молодежь росла физически развитой и здоровой. Поэтому данная тема актуальна и по сей ден

Complex petrophysical correction in the adaptation of geological hydrodynamic models (on the example of Visean pool of Gondyrev oil field)

The authors review a method of combined porosity and volume density correction in the process of modeling the distribution of reservoir permeability. Basing on petrophysical investigations of core samples from Bashkir fold deposits, an association between rock porosity, density and permeability has been analyzed. Significant correlation has been observed for the above mentioned parameters in porous collectors in contrast to reduced correlation for dense rocks and intervals of anomalously high poroperm characteristics. For terrigene porous collectors the authors propose a model of permeability assessment based on combined porosity and density correction. A modified model was developed for Visean pool of Gondyrev oil field, where collector permeability had been calculated as a function of rock porosity and density. The modified model has been compared to the conventional one; significant differences have been detected. In the modified version maximum permeability is associated with the southern part of the pool, whereas the conventional method points out the central part and predicts lowering permeability closer to the periphery. Geological model in the modified version is more homogenous than the conventional one and has no sharp peaks and valleys.  The calculations have been made that reproduce the history of field development for both permeability volumes. Authors demonstrate that total oil production obtained using the modified model has a much better correlation with the actual data. The best results from using suggested method apply to the initial stage of development due to better convergence of high-rate wells. On the whole, comparison of two methods shows that for the purposes of production history adaptation the modified model is significantly better than the conventional one. Hence, the method of density correction allows for better justification of differences in the lithology of Visean collectors, which ultimately results in higher accuracy of data on residual oil reserves in the deposit

Seasonal variability in Atlantic water off Spitsbergen

A combination of 2-year-long mooring-based measurements and snapshot conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) observations at the continental slope off Spitsbergen (81°30′N, 31°00′E) is used to demonstrate a significant hydrographic seasonal signal in Atlantic Water (AW) that propagates along the Eurasian continental slope in the Arctic Ocean. At the mooring position this seasonal signal dominates, contributing up to 50% of the total variance. Annual temperature maximum in the upper ocean (above 215 m) is reached in mid-November, when the ocean in the area is normally covered by ice. Distinct division into ‘summer’ (warmer and saltier) and ‘winter’ (colder and fresher) AW types is revealed there. Estimated temperature difference between the ‘summer’ and ‘winter’ waters is 1.2 °C, which implies that the range of seasonal heat content variations is of the same order of magnitude as the mean local AW heat content, suggesting an important role of seasonal changes in the intensity of the upward heat flux from AW. Although the current meter observations are only 1-year long, they hint at a persistent, highly barotropic current with little or no seasonal signal attached

Epidemiological, medical and social characteristics of tuberculosis infection in modern conditions and features of the formation of family and apartment centers

The article presents an analysis of the incidence of tuberculosis in one of the major administrative districts of Yekaterinburg. For the period from 2009 to 2018. the characteristic of the epidemic process of tuberculosis infection is given. Foci with multiple cases of tuberculosis were identified and analyzed. The risk of infection spread was assessed taking into account the severity of the focus and the characteristics of the first disease.В статье представлен анализ заболеваемости туберкулёзом в одном из крупных административных районов г. Екатеринбурга. За период с 2009 по 2018гг. дана характеристика эпидемического процесса туберкулезной инфекции. Выявлены и проанализированы очаги с множественными случаями туберкулеза. Проведена оценка риска распространения инфекции с учетом степени отягощённости очага и характеристики первого заболевшего

Tuberculosis. From control to the management of the epidemic process

Tuberculosis infection currently remains an extremely topical medical and social problem, due to the high incidence of the population, disability and death from this disease. The article presents the main trends of epidemiological indicators for tuberculosis in the Sverdlovsk Region from 2008-2016. It has been established that there is an unfavorable TB situation in the study area, despite the fact that the key indicators are decreasing each year, in comparison with the all-Russian ones they remain at a rather high level. The main directions of anti-tuberculosis work are also identified for monitoring and optimizing the management of the epidemic process in modern conditions.Туберкулезная инфекция в настоящее время остается крайне актуальной медико-социальной проблемой, что обусловлено высоким уровнем заболеваемости населения, инвалидности и смертности от этого заболевания. В статье представлены основные тенденции эпидемиологических показателей по туберкулезу на территории Свердловской области в 2008—2016 гг. Установлено, что на изучаемой территории сложилась неблагоприятная ситуация по туберкулезу: несмотря на то, что ключевые показатели ежегодно снижаются, в сравнении с общероссийскими они остаются на достаточно высоком уровне. Также определены основные направления противотуберкулезной работы для осуществления контроля и оптимизации управления эпидемическим процессом в современных условиях

Bulk Transfer Coefficients Estimated From Eddy-Covariance Measurements Over Lakes and Reservoirs

Peer reviewe

Efficacy and safety of netakimab therapy in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis in real clinical practice

Rationale. Data from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) may differ from the results of the efficacy and safety of medicines in the conditions of daily work. Purpose. To obtain data on the long-term efficacy and safety of the use of the genetically engineered biological drug netakimab in real clinical practice. Methods. In everyday clinical practice, a multicenter non-interventional observational study BCD-085-NIS-01 (ORION) was conducted, which involved 260 adult patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Results. It was established that the survival rate of genetically engineered biological therapy of netakimab, when analyzing data of 104 weeks of observation, remains high both in bionaive patients and in persons who have previously received treatment for this dermatosis using monoclonal antibodies. The long-term safety profile of netakimab in real clinical practice is comparable to data previously obtained in RCTs and remains favorable for follow-ups up to 2 years. Conclusion. Therapy with GIBA netakimab using a standard dose of 120 mg and regimen in patients with psoriasis is effective and safe for 104 weeks

Practical aspects of therapy for glutaric aciduria type 1

Treatment of many of the diseases in the panel of expanded newborn screening includes dietary therapy. Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1) is a hereditary disorder caused by mutations in the gene GCDH, encoding glutaryl‑CoA dehydrogenase, an enzyme in the amino acid metabolic pathways. The decreased activity of the enzyme leads to accumulation of neuro‑ toxic metabolites. The recommended treatment approaches for GA1 are the prescription of specialized nutrition products, levocarnitine, and symptomatic management. In 2021, clinical guidelines for the treatment of this rear disease were published in Russian Federation. To provide for the timely treatment, it is essential for a practitioner involved in the care patients with such a rare disorder as GA1 to have the knowledge of the principles of management, as well as practical algorithms for diet calculation.The article gives a detailed case‑based description of management during metabolic decompensation and the choice of dietary therapy for GA1 patients of different age groups

Клинико-экономическая оценка эффективности и безопасности существующей практики проведения периоперационной антибиотикопрофилактики на оcнове фармакоэпидемиологического исследования в многопрофильных стационарах Санкт-Петербурга

A survey conducted in four hospitals located in the city of St. Petersburg revealed that the commonly used perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) did not follow (in 88% of cases) the guidelines approved for national clinical practice.Aim. To perform a cost-effectiveness analysis of the commonly practiced PAP among patients with clean, clean-contaminated and contaminated surgical wounds in a multidisciplinary hospital.Materials and methods. The PAP cost-effectiveness analysis was performed using the data from a multicenter epidemiological survey and previously conducted studies. The Markov model was used to compare the effectiveness and safety of the commonly used PAP with that recommended by the clinical practice guidelines. The rate of surgical site infection (SSI) and antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) were chosen for the endpoints.Results. The costs associated with a single case of PAP according to the clinical practice guidelines was 3.5 times less than that associated with the PAP used in the common practice (RUB 4913,67 and 17837,71 respectively). The present analysis demonstrates that the PAP recommended by the clinical practice guidelines was more cost-effective as compared with the commonly practiced PAP.Conclusion. Regular epidemiological monitoring is required to improve effectiveness and safety of the existing PAP practice. Целью исследования является клинико-экономическая оценка эффективности и безопасности существующей практики назначения периоперационной антибиотикопрофилактики.Материалы и методы. На основании данных фармакоэпидемиологического исследования, проведенного в четырех многопрофильных стационарах г. Санкт-Петербурга, оценена реальная практика проведения периоперационной антибиотикопрофилактики (ПАП) инфекций области хирургического вмешательства (ИОХВ), которая в абсолютном большинстве случаев (88%) не соответствовала клиническим рекомендациям. Построена модель анализа решений относительно эффективности и безопасности ПАП в реальной практике в сравнении с ПАП в соответствии с клиническими рекомендациями. В качестве критериев эффективности выбраны частота ИОХВ и число случаев предотвращенной антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи (ААД). Проведен анализ «затраты-эффективность».Результаты. Стоимость одного случая ПАП, проведенной по протоколу, с учетом прямых и непрямых затрат меньше таковой, используемой в реальной практике, более чем в 3,5 раза (4913,67 руб. и 17837,71 руб., соответственно). Анализ «затраты-эффективность» показал, что стратегия применения ПАП по протоколу доминировала перед стратегией проведения ПАП в реальной практике: при меньших затратах она имела наибольший прирост эффективности.Выводы. Для оптимизации потребления АМП с целью ПАП в каждом стационаре необходим периодический фармакоэпидемиологический мониторинг существующей практики проведения ПАП. Соблюдение основных принципов ПАП наряду с мерами инфекционного контроля является одной из возможностей минимизировать затраты, связанные с ее неэффективностью.