Evaluasi Program Penanganan Anak Jalanan melalui Pendidikan Layanan Khusus (Plk) Berbasis Kelembagaan Lokal di Kota Surakarta

Fenomena anak jalanan merupakan bagian dari masyarakat modern saat ini. Adanya anak jalanan merupakan indikator berkembangnya suatu kota. Jumlah anak jalanan dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan, termasuk jumlah anak jalanan di Kota Surakarta. Pemerintah Kota Surakarta telah menggulirkan berbagai program penanganan anak jalanan namun belum mampu mengentaskan anak dari kehidupan di jalan. Program tersebut belum berhasil karena belum berperspektif anak. Salah satu program penanganan anak jalanan yang sudah berperspektif anak adalah Pendidikan Layanan Khusus (PLK) Anak Jalanan. Penyelenggara program ini adalah LSM Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Anak Pinggiran Seroja. Dalam perkembangannya penyelenggaraan PLK Anak Jalanan berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan anak jalanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian penelitian evaluasi. Sumber data yang digunakan terdiri dari data primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengambilan cuplikan dengan purposive sampling . Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan persepsi anak jalanan terhadap program PLK Anak Jalanan, tahapan dalam penyelenggaraan terdiri dari ijin penyelenggaraan, rekrutmen peserta didik, proses pembelajaran, manajemen penyelenggaran, penilaian dan evaluasi. Hambatan dalam PLK Anak Jalanan berupa kurangnya motivasi peserta didik, dukungan orang tua dan dinas terkait. Dampak dari PLK Anak Jalanan yaitu intensitas anak beraktivitas di jalan berkurang serta anak jalanan mendapatkan ijasah Kejar Paket A dan sertifikat pendidikan keterampilan hidup. Adanya koordinasi antara Pemerintah kota dengan LSM penyelenggara PLK Anak Jalanan diharapkan dapat mengatasi permasalahan anak jalanan yang lebih berperspektif anak

Role of life-cycle externalities in the valuation of protic ionic liquids – a case study in biomass pretreatment solvents

Ionic liquids have found their way into many applications where they show a high potential to replace traditional chemicals. But there are concerns over their ecological impacts (toxicity and biodegradability) and high cost, which have limited their use so far. The outcome of existing techno-economic and life-cycle assessments comparing ionic liquids with existing solvents has proven hard to interpret due to the many metrics used and trade-offs between them. For the first time, this paper couples the concept of monetization with detailed process simulation and life-cycle assessment to estimate the true cost of ionic liquids. A comparative case study on four solvents used in lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment is conducted: triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate [TEA][HSO4], 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [HMIM][HSO4], acetone from fossil sources, and glycerol from renewable sources. The results show that the total monetized cost of production accounting for externalities can be more than double the direct costs estimated using conventional economic assessment methods. The ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] is found to have the lowest total cost, while the renewable solvent glycerol presents the highest total cost. We expect this methodology to provide a starting point for future research and development in sustainable ionic liquid

Inward and Outward FDI Country Profiles, Second Edition

This second edition contains a series of 77 standardized country profiles dealing with the inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI) performance of 40 economies. The profiles have been peer-reviewed by a global network of experts. The publication is intended to contribute to the analysis of trends in foreign direct investment and policy issues related to them. More specifically, the individual profiles discuss FDI trends and developments (country-level developments, the corporate players); effects of the recent global crises; and the policy scene. Each profile contains a standard set of tables, including on FDI stocks and flows, sectoral and geographical FDI distributions, the largest M&As and greenfield investments, the principal foreign affiliates (for inward FDI), and the principal multinational enterprises (for outward FDI). The standardized template used to produce the profiles allows cross-country comparisons. The volume is meant to be a reference tool for anyone interested in foreign direct investment

How cancer research could benefit from the Complex Intervention Framework : students' experiences of the European Academy of Nursing Science summer school

SENN B., KIRSCH M., SANZ C.C., KARLOU C., TULUS K., DE LEEUW J., RINGNÉR A., GOOSSENS G.A. & CLEARY V. (2011) European Journal of Cancer Care20, 1-4 How cancer research could benefit from the Complex Intervention Framework: students' experiences of the European Academy of Nursing Science summer school.status: publishe

How cancer research could benefit from the Complex Intervention Framework: Students' experiences of the European Academy of Nursing Science summer school

How cancer research could benefit from the Complex Intervention Framework: students' experiences of the European Academy of Nursing Science summer school. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Assessing the environmental benefit of palladium-based single-atom heterogeneous catalysts for Sonogashira coupling

The Pd–Cu catalysed Sonogashira coupling of terminal alkynes and aryl halides is a cornerstone synthetic strategy for C–C bond formation. Homogeneous organometallic systems conventionally applied are typically not reusable and require efficient downstream Pd removal steps for product purification, making it challenging to fully recover the precious metal. A holistic cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) unveils that process footprint can be improved up to two orders of magnitude from repeated catalyst reuse. New classes of heterogeneous catalysts based on isolated metal atoms (single-atom catalysts, SACs) demonstrate promising potential to synergise the benefits of solid and molecular catalysts for efficient Pd utilisation. Here we show that using Pd atoms anchored on nitrogen-doped carbon permits full recovery of the metal and reuse of the catalyst over multiple cycles. A hybrid process using the Pd-SAC with a homogeneous CuI cocatalyst is more effective than a fully heterogeneous analogue based on a bimetallic Pd–Cu SAC, which deactivates severely due to copper leaching. In some scenarios, the LCA-based metrics demonstrate the footprint of the hybrid homogeneous–heterogeneous catalytic process is leaner than the purely homogeneous counterpart already upon single reuse. Combining LCA with experimental evaluation will be a useful guide to the implementation of solid, reusable catalysts for sustainable organic transformations