Montfort, obres hidràuliques disperses

Les comarques del Vinalopó tenen moltes obres hidràuliques de origen musulmá i de tradició cristiana que es mantenen en l'actualitat com el cas de Montfort d'Alacant

Oxidación y caracterización fisicoquímica de almidón de sagú “Marantha Arundinacea” para la elaboración de bioplástico

Excessive use of petroleum-based materials such as fuels, lubricants, dyes, solvents, asphalt, textile fibers and plastics has generated over time a serious environmental problem, due to long periods of degradation of these materials. That is why today’s research focuses on plastics because they have little life, these wastes end up being deposited in landfills, oceans, lakes and other water sources causing pollution of this vital resource for life, all this, kills animal species and ecosystem´s destabilization. Science has proposed solutions such as recycling, the use of materials made of paper, and the development of biodegradable materials, one of those is sagu starch which is an alternative of raw material for the production of biodegradable plastics. This research was aiming to develop a bioplastic using oxidized sago starch. In this study, we performed a physicochemical characterization of native starch, oxidized starch, and bioplastic made from starch. The analyzes performed were: percentage of carbonyl and carboxil groups, transparent gels. It was also applied a scanning electron microscopy where an irregular appearance of the starch granules size was observed. In addition, EDS microscopy allowed us to observe the simple chemistry of the granules, where the oxidized starches have a higher percentage of oxygen than native starch. In the analysis of X ray diffraction, it was observed the patterns of diffraction and the semicrystalline character of the starch. The FT-IR spectrum shows the characteristics of native and oxidized starches bands. On the other hand, the solubility tests and transparency show an advantage of bioplastic made with oxidized starch.Keywords: Starch, Sagu, Oxidized starch, Bioplastics.El uso excesivo de materiales derivados del petróleo como: combustibles, lubricantes, colorantes, disolventes, asfaltos, fibras textiles y plásticos ha generado a través del tiempo un grave problema ambiental, debido, a los largos periodos de degradación de estos materiales. Es por esto que hoy en día la investigación se centra en los plásticos ya que poseen poca vida útil, estos residuos terminan depositándose en rellenos sanitarios, océanos, lagos y demás fuentes hídricas generando la contaminación de este recurso vital para la vida, todo esto, provoca la muerte de especies animales y la desestabilización del ecosistema. La ciencia ha planteado soluciones tales como: reciclar, uso de papel y el desarrollo de materiales biodegradables siendo el almidón de sagú una alternativa como materia prima para la elaboración de este tipo de materiales. Esta investigación fue orientada a la elaboración de bioplástico utilizando como base almidón de sagú oxidado. Los estudios consisten en una caracterización fisicoquímica al almidón nativo, almidón oxidado y al bioplástico elaborado a base de almidón. Los análisis realizados fueron: porcentaje de grupos carbonilo y de grupos carboxilo, transparencia de los geles, microscopia electrónica de barrido donde se observó la apariencia irregular y los tamaños de los gránulos de almidón, además, el microscopio con EDS permitió observar las composiciones químicas simples de los gránulos, donde, los almidones oxidados tienen mayor porcentaje de oxigeno que el almidón nativo. En los análisis de difracción de rayos X se observa los patrones de difracción y el carácter semicristalino del almidón. El espectro de FT-IR muestra las bandas propias de los almidones nativos y oxidados. Por otra parte, las pruebas de solubilidad, transparencia muestran una ventaja del bioplástico elaborado con almidón oxidado.Palabras clave: Almidón, sagú, Almidón oxidado, Bioplástico

Oxidación y caracterización fisicoquímica de almidón de sagú “Marantha Arundinacea” para la elaboración de bioplástico

El uso excesivo de materiales derivados del petróleo como: combustibles, lubricantes, colorantes, disolventes, asfaltos, fibras textiles y plásticos ha generado a través del tiempo un grave problema ambiental, debido, a los largos periodos de degradación de estos materiales. Es por esto que hoy en día la investigación se centra en los plásticos ya que poseen poca vida útil, estos residuos terminan depositándose en rellenos sanitarios, océanos, lagos y demás fuentes hídricas generando la contaminación de este recurso vital para la vida, todo esto, provoca la muerte de especies animales y la desestabilización del ecosistema. La ciencia ha planteado soluciones tales como: reciclar, uso de papel y el desarrollo de materiales biodegradables siendo el almidón de sagú una alternativa como materia prima para la elaboración de este tipo de materiales. Esta investigación fue orientada a la elaboración de bioplástico utilizando como base almidón de sagú oxidado. Los estudios consisten en una caracterización fisicoquímica al almidón nativo, almidón oxidado y al bioplástico elaborado a base de almidón. Los análisis realizados fueron: porcentaje de grupos carbonilo y de grupos carboxilo, transparencia de los geles, microscopia electrónica de barrido donde se observó la apariencia irregular y los tamaños de los gránulos de almidón, además, el microscopio con EDS permitió observar las composiciones químicas simples de los gránulos, donde, los almidones oxidados tienen mayor porcentaje de oxigeno que el almidón nativo. En los análisis de difracción de rayos X se observa los patrones de difracción y el carácter semicristalino del almidón. El espectro de FT-IR muestra las bandas propias de los almidones nativos y oxidados. Por otra parte, las pruebas de solubilidad, transparencia muestran una ventaja del bioplástico elaborado con almidón oxidado

Variabilidad dentro del Registro Nacional multicéntrico en Vigilancia Activa; cuestionario a urólogos

Introducción: Nuestro objetivo principal es describir la utilización actual en España de la vigilancia activa (VA) identificando áreas de potencial mejora. Métodos: Un cuestionario generado en AEU/PIEM/2014/0001 (NCT02865330) fue remitido a todos los investigadores asociados (IA) durante los meses de enero-marzo del 2016. Incluía 7 dominios diferentes cubriendo diferentes aspectos en VA. Resultados: Treinta y tres de cuarenta y un IA respondieron el cuestionario. La VA es principalmente controlada por los Servicios de Urología (87,9%). Hubo una gran heterogeneidad en las clásicas variables clínico-patológicas como criterios de selección. La densidad de antígeno prostático específico (PSAd) solo se usaba en el 36,4% IA. La RMmp era claramente infrautilizada como estadificación inicial (6%). Solo el 27,3% reconocía un alto nivel de experiencia en RMmp de sus colegas radiólogos. Con relación a la biopsia de confirmación, la mayoría de los centros utilizaban la vía transrectal y solo 2/33 la vía transperineal/software de fusión. La mitad de los IA entrevistados pasaron a tratamiento activo ante progresión patológica a Gleason 7 (3 + 4). No existió consenso en cuanto a cuándo pasar a estrategia de observación. Conclusiones: El estudio demostró la infrautilización del consentimiento informado y de los cuestionarios de calidad de vida. El PSAd no se incluía como elemento decisor en la estrategia inicial en la mayoría. Se plasmó una desconfianza en la experiencia de los urólogos con la RMmp y una infrautilización de la vía transperineal, así como la no existencia de consenso en los protocolos de seguimiento y en los criterios de tratamiento activo., confirmando la necesidad de estudios prospectivos analizando el papel de la RMmp y los biomarcadores. Background: Our main objective was to report the current use of active surveillance in Spain and to identify areas for potential improvement. Methods: A questionnaire generated by the Platform for Multicentre Studies of the Spanish Urology Association (AEU/PIEM/2014/0001, NCT02865330) was sent to all associate researchers from January to March 2016. The questionnaire included 7 domains covering various aspects of active surveillance. Results: Thirty-three of the 41 associate researchers responded to the questionnaire. Active surveillance is mainly controlled by the urology departments (87.9%). There was considerable heterogeneity in the classical clinical-pathological variables as selection criteria. Only 36.4% of the associate researchers used prostate-specific antigen density (PSAd). Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) was clearly underused as initial staging (6%). Only 27.3% of the researchers stated that their radiology colleagues had a high level of experience in mpMRI. In terms of the confirmation biopsy, most of the centres used the transrectal pathway, and only 2 out of 33 used the transperineal pathway or fusion software. Half of the researchers interviewed applied active treatment when faced with disease progression to Gleason 7 (3+4). There was no consensus on when to transition to an observation strategy. Conclusions: The study showed the underutilisation of informed consent and quality-of-life questionnaires. PSAd was not included as a decisive element in the initial strategy for most researchers. There was a lack of confidence in the urologists’ mpMRI experience and an underutilisation of the transperineal pathway. There was also no consensus on the follow-up protocols and active treatment criteria, confirming the need for prospective studies to analyse the role of mpMRI and biomarkers

Effects of a simulation-based workshop on nursing students' competence in arterial puncture

Objective: To evaluate whether a short simulation-based workshop in radial artery puncture would improve nursing students’ competence to a level in which they could practise the procedure on a live patient without compromising his safety. Methods: Quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest study with 111 third-year nursing students. A 1.5-hour simulation-based workshop was implemented. This included a video-lecture, live demonstrations, selfdirected simulated practice in dyads and individual intermittent feedback. Participants’ skills, knowledge and self-efficacy in arterial puncture were measured before and after attending the workshop. Results: After the intervention, a total of 61.1% of the participants showed the level of competence required to safely practice radial artery puncture on a live patient under supervision. Conclusion: Effective simulation-based training in arterial puncture for nursing students does not necessarily need to be resource-intensive. Well-planned, evidence-based training sessions using low-tech simulators could help educators to achieve good educational outcomes and promote patient safety

Effect on the demand and stock returns: cross-sectional of Big Data and time-series analysis

For reducing the degree of uncertainty caused by constant change in the environment, large, medium or small, private or public organizations must support their decisions in something more than experience or intuition; they must be supported by the development of accurate and reliable forecasts in order to meet the needs in the organization planning tasks. This case study presents a growing company dedicated to the storage of perishable products and incorporates time series forecasting techniques to estimate the volume of storage to foresee the requirements of additional facilities, personnel and materials needed for product mobility

Riqueza y rareza florísticas en los afloramientos dolomíticos de las Cordilleras Béticas (sur de España): ensayo preliminar.

RESUMEN. Riqueza y rareza florísticas en los afloramientos dolomíticos de las Cordilleras Béticas (sur de España): ensayo preliminar. Sobre los afloramientos dolomíticos de las Cordilleras Béticas se desarrollan comunidades vegetales muy específicas y ricas en endemismos. Dichas comunidades no han sido estudiadas desde un punto de vista conservacionista. Este trabajo aborda su distribución, riqueza y grado de protección actuales permitiendo evaluar la eficacia de la red de espacios protegidos. Para ello, se ha creado una base de datos de presencia/ausencia de dolomitófilos en cuadrículas UTM de 10 km. de lado que han sido definidas como unidades geográficas operacionales (UGOs). Posteriormente, se ha evaluado la riqueza, la rareza en continuo y la rareza en discontinuo de las UGOs. Los resultados obtenidos han subrayado la importancia del sector Malacitano-Almijarense de la provincia Bética (en especial la zona del Trevenque) como centro de riqueza y endemicidad de dolomitófilos. Por otra parte, la red de espacios naturales abarca casi la totalidad de las localidades de mayor interés en la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía, mientras que tiene importantes lagunas en la Región de Murcia y en la provincia de Albacete (perteneciente a la Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla-La Mancha).Palabras clave. Dolomitófilo, dolomías, selección de reservas, endemismo, espacios naturales protegidos, flora.ABSTRACT. Floral richness and rarity in the dolomitic outcrops of the Baetic Ranges (southern Spain): a preliminary essay. The dolomitic areas of the Baetic Ranges house extremely peculiar plant communities. These communities are diverse and especially rich in endemic species. The vegetation and flora of the dolomitic outcrops have not been studied from a conservation point of view. This work is focused on the distribution, richness and current level of protection of these areas, consequently, it allows us to evaluate the efficacy of the protected areas network. In order to meet this goal, a “presence/absence” database of the dolomitic taxa has been carried out, according to UTM cells sized an area of 10 × 10 km. These cells have been used as “Operational Geographic Units” (OGU’s). In due course, the richness, the continuous and discontinuous rarity of every OGU have been evaluated. The results depicted the great importance of the Malacitano-Almijarense sector of the Baetic province (especially where the Trevenque mountain is located) as a spot of richness and endemicity of dolomitic taxa. In addition, the protected areas network appears to be quite efficient in meeting conservation objectives in the Region of Andalusia, whilst it is clearly deficient in the Region of Murcia and the Province of Albacete (included in the Region of Castilla-La Mancha).Key words. Dolomitic species, dolomites, selection of reserves, endemism, natural protected areas, flora

Analyzing multitarget activity landscapes using protein-ligand interaction fingerprints: interaction cliffs.

This is the original submitted version, before peer review. The final peer-reviewed version is available from ACS at http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ci500721x.Activity landscape modeling is mostly a descriptive technique that allows rationalizing continuous and discontinuous SARs. Nevertheless, the interpretation of some landscape features, especially of activity cliffs, is not straightforward. As the nature of activity cliffs depends on the ligand and the target, information regarding both should be included in the analysis. A specific way to include this information is using protein-ligand interaction fingerprints (IFPs). In this paper we report the activity landscape modeling of 507 ligand-kinase complexes (from the KLIFS database) including IFP, which facilitates the analysis and interpretation of activity cliffs. Here we introduce the structure-activity-interaction similarity (SAIS) maps that incorporate information on ligand-target contact similarity. We also introduce the concept of interaction cliffs defined as ligand-target complexes with high structural and interaction similarity but have a large potency difference of the ligands. Moreover, the information retrieved regarding the specific interaction allowed the identification of activity cliff hot spots, which help to rationalize activity cliffs from the target point of view. In general, the information provided by IFPs provides a structure-based understanding of some activity landscape features. This paper shows examples of analyses that can be carried out when IFPs are added to the activity landscape model.M-L is very grateful to CONACyT (No. 217442/312933) and the Cambridge Overseas Trust for funding. AB thanks Unilever for funding and the European Research Council for a Starting Grant (ERC-2013- StG-336159 MIXTURE). J.L.M-F. is grateful to the School of Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) for support. This work was supported by a scholarship from the Secretariat of Public Education and the Mexican government

Molecular profiling of immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene rearrangements unveils new potential prognostic markers for multiple myeloma patients

Altres ajuts: This work was partially supported by[...] , CIBERONC-CB16/12/00233, and "Una manera de hacer Europa" (Innocampus; CEI-2010-1-0010)". M.G.-A., I.P.-C., and C.J. are supported by the Fundación Española de Hematología y Hemoterapia (FEHH, co-funded by Fundación Cris in the latter case), A.M. by the European Social Fund and the Spanish Education Council through the University of Salamanca, [...]. All Spanish funding is co-sponsored by the European Union FEDER program.Multiple myeloma is a heterogeneous disease whose pathogenesis has not been completely elucidated. Although B-cell receptors play a crucial role in myeloma pathogenesis, the impact of clonal immunoglobulin heavy-chain features in the outcome has not been extensively explored. Here we present the characterization of complete heavy-chain gene rearrangements in 413 myeloma patients treated in Spanish trials, including 113 patients characterized by next-generation sequencing. Compared to the normal B-cell repertoire, gene selection was biased in myeloma, with significant overrepresentation of IGHV3, IGHD2 and IGHD3, as well as IGHJ4 gene groups. Hypermutation was high in our patients (median: 8.8%). Interestingly, regarding patients who are not candidates for transplantation, a high hypermutation rate (≥7%) and the use of IGHD2 and IGHD3 groups were associated with improved prognostic features and longer survival rates in the univariate analyses. Multivariate analysis revealed prolonged progression-free survival rates for patients using IGHD2/IGHD3 groups (HR: 0.552, 95% CI: 0.361−0.845, p = 0.006), as well as prolonged overall survival rates for patients with hypermutation ≥7% (HR: 0.291, 95% CI: 0.137−0.618, p = 0.001). Our results provide new insights into the molecular characterization of multiple myeloma, highlighting the need to evaluate some of these clonal rearrangement characteristics as new potential prognostic markers