Without a Will, There is Still a Way: A Statutory Solution to Increase the Value of a Small Estate and Aid in Reducing the Racial Equity Gap in Wisconsin

For generations, communities of color have struggled to increase their generational wealth. Lack of access to estate planning tools leaves minority groups and low-income families compromised and more likely to die intestate. While the current probate system creates a safety net for those that die intestate, this comment aims to address the need for a statutory solution to aid in combatting Wisconsin\u27s racial equity gap. More specifically, this Comment suggests how increasing and indexing Wisconsin\u27s summary settlement and summary assignment small estate values to include estates of $100,000 or less will allow for more minority and low-income families to qualify as small estates. Further, this Comment also suggests that increasing the value of the small estate under Wis. Stat. 876.01 will aid in reducing the estate-planning racial equity gap

PRESCRIPTION ERRORS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL, OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

ABSTRACTObjective:  Prescription writing is an art. Writing a correct prescription in compliance with the WHO guidelines requires regular practice. Mistakesin prescription writing are inevitable. Hence, this study was done to analyze the prescriptions from the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics andGynaecology for errors. To analyze the prevalence and types of common prescribing errors in the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.Methods:  This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacy, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry. 500prescriptions from the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Department were collected and analyzed. The study duration was 6 months (JulyDecember2014). The prescriptionswereanalyzedforerrors.Results: Our study revealed that 30.8% of the prescriptions had, at least, one error in them. The majority of the prescriptions had the doctors' signand patient details written in them. The dose of the drug was missing in about 38% of the prescriptions. None of the prescriptions had Type A errorin our study.Conclusion: It was found that prescription errors are still prevalent. The prescribers' have to be updated about the prescribing guidelines and regularauditing should be done to avoid these errors.Keywords: Prescription errors, Obstetrics and gynaecology, Classification of errors

Effects of three different stimulations (acupuncture, moxibustion, acupuncture plus moxibustion) of BL.67 acupoint at small toe on fetal behavior of breech presentation

The aim of the study was to evaluate cardiovascular effects and fetal behavior during moxibustion, acupuncture or acupuncture plus moxibustion applied on the BL.67 acupoint of women (beside the outer corner of the 5th toenail) in fetal breech presentation. During the acupoint stimulation (20 min, two times a week), the women were submitted to computerized non-stress test. Fourteen cases were treated by both acupuncture and moxibustion, 15 cases by moxibustion and 10 cases by acupuncture. In 56% of cases, fetal position was converted from breech position to cephalic one; the success share was 80% for moxibustion, 28% for acupuncture, 57% for acupuncture plus moxibustion; the conversion, on average, was achieved after 3 sessions. Statistical analysis indicated that acupuncture plus moxibustion was able to reduce fetal heart rate during the application of stimuli while acupuncture and moxibustion separately did not affect such parameter. Moreover, moxibustion and acupuncture with moxibustion reduced fetal movements while acupuncture only appears ineffective. The present study suggests that fetal movements were reduced by both acupuncture plus moxibustion and moxibustion and that fetal heart rate was reduced just by acupuncture plus moxibustion. The mechanisms leading the effect on fetal heart rate and fetal movements remain to be clarified. Even though further studies are needed, such preliminar report mainly investigated the impact of different stimula on the BL.67 acupoint. Unfortunately these small series of data do not allow us to draw any conclusion about the effectiveness of the different treatments

Probing the Tavis-Cummings level splitting with intermediate-scale superconducting circuits

We demonstrate the local control of up to eight two-level systems interacting strongly with a microwave cavity. Following calibration, the frequency of each individual two-level system (qubit) is tunable without influencing the others. Bringing the qubits one by one on resonance with the cavity, we observe the collective coupling strength of the qubit ensemble. The splitting scales up with the square root of the number of the qubits, which is the hallmark of the Tavis-Cummings model. The local control circuitry causes a bypass shunting the resonator, and a Fano interference in the microwave readout, whose contribution can be calibrated away to recover the pure cavity spectrum. The simulator's attainable size of dressed states with up to five qubits is limited by reduced signal visibility, and -- if uncalibrated -- by off-resonance shifts of sub-components. Our work demonstrates control and readout of quantum coherent mesoscopic multi-qubit system of intermediate scale under conditions of noise

Interaction of Gram-negative bacteria with cationic proteins: Dependence on the surface characteristics of the bacterial cell

Gram-negative bacteria can enter the bloodstream and interact with serum cationic proteins. The character of interaction will depend on the surface characteristics of bacterial cells, which are determined by bacterial chemotype and density of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) packing in the cell wall. It was shown that the lysozyme treatment resulted in the increase sensitivity to hypotonic shock. Significant differences to this effect were found between Escherichia coli strain D21 and D21f2 under treatment with physiological protein concentration. On the basis of electrokinetic measurements and studies of the interaction of cells with lysozyme, the hypothesis was formed that the cell wall of the E. coli strain D21f2 contains more LPS and has a higher density of their packing than the cell wall of the E. coli D21 cells. The effect of lysozyme and lactoferrin on the viability of E. coli cells of two different strains was examined. Lysozyme was found to more effectively inhibit the growth of the E. coli D21 bacteria, and lactoferrin suppressed mainly the growth of the E. coli D21f2 bacteria. These results indicate that the differences in LPS core structure of bacterial R-chemotype, which determines surface charge and density of LPS packing, plays an essential role in the mechanisms of interaction of the cationic proteins with the cell wall

Prescription pattern of fixed dose drug combinations in obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India: an observational study

Background: Fixed drug combinations (FDCs)have various advantages and disadvantages. In countries like India there are numerous irrational prescriptions as highlighted by the recent banning of FDCs in October 2018. Studying the prescription pattern helps in developing national database which can be used to promote rational use of drugs.Methods: All the Outdoor Patient Department (OPD) prescriptions from department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBG) during the study period were used for the study. The drugs were classified according to Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification. Other data studied were the number of FDCs and the number of currently banned combinations which were used during the study period.Results: The 41% of the drugs prescribed as FDCs. Most FDCs belonged to alimentary system followed by anti-infectives and blood and blood forming organs group. Vitamin D3 and Calcium combination was the most commonly prescribed FDC. Approximately 20% of these prescribed drugs are currently banned.Conclusions: A significant number of drugs are being prescribed as FDCs which also includes various irrational combinations

Gate stability of GaN-Based HEMTs with P-Type Gate

status: publishe

Struktur Histologi Otot Femur Kelinci (Lepus SP.) Setelah Perlakuan Implantasi Material Stainless Steel Aisi 316l Selama 2,5 Bulan

Production implant orthopedic domestic with 316L Stainless steel base material which use the material dimensions of the Indonesian non-import until now hasn't been researched. Research the effect of implantation of these materials to health conditions need to be conducted on animal models, such as the rabbit before it wad applied to humans. This study aims to determine the histological changes in the femoral muscle of rabbits after implantation of AISI 316L stainless steel for 2.5 months, as part of the basic data for further research in order to figure out orthopedic implants that can be used by the body. This study compared the P0: rabbit was not given implantation of stainless steel AISI 316L with P1: Rabbits were given treatment AISI 316L stainless steel implants in the quadriceps femoris muscle parallel to the femur bone. Implantation of the implant material was conducted for 2.5 months. Histological changes observed were the presence or absence of necrosis, fibrosis and tissue cavities in the rabbit femoral muscle tissue. The results showed there were no three variables were observed. It is concluded AISI 316L stainless steel did not cause structural changes in muscle histology in a rabbit femur after implantation for 2.5 months; so that these materials can be used as an implant material in the body

Prescribing pattern of antimicrobials in various clinical departments of a tertiary care hospital

Background: Antimicrobials are one of the most commonly used group of drugs. Their overuse and inappropriate use is one of the major concerns today. Assessment of prescribing pattern of antimicrobials provides insight into the health consequences and helps update antimicrobial usage guidelines. Hence this study was conducted with an objective to analyse the prescribing pattern of the antimicrobials.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted based on the prescriptions collected from Department of Pharmacy, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Puducherry. A total of 838 outpatient prescriptions were collected from four clinical departments, viz. General Medicine, General Surgery, Pediatrics and Obstetrics & Gynecology for a period of four months. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: Among 838 prescriptions 188 (22.43%) contained antimicrobials. Among the various departments, number of prescriptions with antimicrobials were more in department of General surgery (34.42 %) followed by Obstetrics & Gynecology (24.77 %). The commonly prescribed antibiotics were penicillins (25.47%), fluoroquinolones (12.73%), cephalosporins (10.84%), macrolides (8.96%), nitroimidazoles (6.60%) and tetracyclines (4.71%). Among the total antimicrobials, percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name and from National list of essential medicines (NLEM) were 38.20% and 80.18% respectively. Majority of antimicrobials (58.01%) were prescribed as oral tablets/ capsules.Conclusions: It was found that penicillins were the most commonly prescribed group of antimicrobials, significantly less number of antimicrobials were prescribed by generic name, 80.18% of antimicrobials were prescribed from NLEM and tablets/ capsules were the most common dosage forms