A Visionary Organization: From Donor Intent to New Horizons of Race and Gender Equity

This article documents the unique trajectory of the Leeway Foundation and its transition from sole-director family foundation to an independent foundation. Over 25 years, Leeway shifted in structure and grantmaking, yet has remained in line with its founder’s original mission: to fund women artists in the Philadelphia region. This article focuses on the shift from the founder’s initial intentions to what is now an organization informed by models of racial and gender equity, funding women, trans, and gender nonconforming artists working for social change. Leeway thus serves as a case study for examining transformational shifts in mission, vision, and constituency with leadership after an initial donation. Through analysis of qualitative data, this article addresses donor intent and (unintentional) legacy in changing social and political circumstances. We consider how the organization’s development was enabled but not constrained by the circumstances of its founding and identify strategies and best practices for other foundations in transition, whether in terms of population served or organizational structure

A Two Dimensional Surface Potential Model for Triple Material Double Gate Junctionless Field Effect Transistor

In this paper, a two dimensional analytical Surface Potential model for the triple material double gate (TMDG) junctionless-field effect transistor (JLFET) in sub-threshold region has been presented. The effect of source and drain depletion width has also been taken into account. We have solved two-dimensional Poisson’s equation for the Surface Potential. Then the centre potential and the electric field is also obtained. We have calculated the surface potential for different channel lengths. All the modelled results are then compared with the simulated results of the 2D device simulator TCAD

Prevalence and Antibacterial Susceptibility in Mastitis in Buffalo and Cattle in District Lahore-Pakistan

A total of 450 milk samples including both 272 buffalo and 178 cattle were randomly collected in and around District Lahore to study the incidence of mastitis and antibiotic sensitivity by performing Culture and Sensitivity test. The prevalence of mastitis in buffalo was found 20.98% while in cattle 24.71%. The prevalence of both Clinical and subclincal mastitis in buffalo were 40.35%, 59.64% and in cattle 61.26%, 30.63% respectively. The milk samples mixed with bothmucus and blood in buffalo and cattle were 5.51% and 4.49% respectively. Quarters wise prevalence was 47.72%, 11.36%, 36.36% and 4.54% in the left fore, left hind, right fore and right hind quarters in cattle while In buffaloes, the prevalence was 0%, 68.96%, 11.49% and 19.54% in the left fore, left hind, right fore and right hind quarters respectively. The Ciprofloxacin antibiotic was found highly Sensitive in buffalo while Gentamicin in cattle

Prevention of: self harm in British South Asian women: study protocol of an exploratory RCT of culturally adapted manual assisted Problem Solving Training (C- MAP)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Suicide is a major public health problem worldwide. In the UK suicide is the second most common cause of death in people aged 15-24 years. Self harm is one of the commonest reasons for medical admission in the UK. In the year following a suicide attempt the risk of a repeat attempt or death by suicide may be up to 100 times greater than in people who have never attempted suicide.</p> <p>Research evidence shows increased risk of suicide and attempted suicide among British South Asian women. There are concerns about the current service provision and its appropriateness for this community due to the low numbers that get involved with the services. Both problem solving and interpersonal forms of psychotherapy are beneficial in the treatment of patients who self harm and could potentially be helpful in this ethnic group.</p> <p>The paper describes the trial protocol of adapting and evaluating a culturally appropriate psychological treatment for the adult British South Asian women who self harm.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We plan to test a culturally adapted Problem Solving Therapy (C- MAP) in British South Asian women who self harm. Eight sessions of problem solving each lasting approximately 50 minutes will be delivered over 3 months. The intervention will be assessed using a prospective rater blind randomized controlled design comparing with treatment as usual (TAU). Outcome assessments will be carried out at 3 and 6 months. A sub group of the participants will be invited for qualitative interviews.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This study will test the feasibility and acceptability of the C- MAP in British South Asian women. We will be informed on whether a culturally adapted brief psychological intervention compared with treatment as usual for self-harm results in decreased hopelessness and suicidal ideation. This will also enable us to collect necessary information on recruitment, effect size, the optimal delivery method and acceptability of the intervention in preparation for a definitive RCT using repetition of self harm and cost effectiveness as primary outcome measures.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>Current Controlled Trials 08/H1013/6</p

How to assess the acceptance of an electronic health record system?

Being able to access a patient’s clinical data in due time is critical to any medical setting. Clinical data is very diverse both in content and in terms of which system produces it. The Electronic Health Record (EHR) aggregates a patient’s clinical data and makes it available across different systems. Considering that user’s resistance is a critical factor in system implementation failure, the understanding of user behavior remains a relevant object of investigation. The purpose of this paper is to outline how we can assess the technology acceptance of an EHR using the Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM3) and the Delphi methodology. An assessment model is proposed in which findings are based on the results of a questionnaire answered by health professionals whose activities are supported by the EHR technology. In the case study simulated in this paper, the results obtained showed an average of 3 points and modes of 4 and 5, which translates to a good level of acceptance.The work has been supported by FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2019.The work has been supported by FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia within the Project Scope DSAIPA/DS/0084/2018

Vangl2-Regulated Polarisation of Second Heart Field-Derived Cells Is Required for Outflow Tract Lengthening during Cardiac Development.

Planar cell polarity (PCP) is the mechanism by which cells orient themselves in the plane of an epithelium or during directed cell migration, and is regulated by a highly conserved signalling pathway. Mutations in the PCP gene Vangl2, as well as in other key components of the pathway, cause a spectrum of cardiac outflow tract defects. However, it is unclear why cells within the mesodermal heart tissue require PCP signalling. Using a new conditionally floxed allele we show that Vangl2 is required solely within the second heart field (SHF) to direct normal outflow tract lengthening, a process that is required for septation and normal alignment of the aorta and pulmonary trunk with the ventricular chambers. Analysis of a range of markers of polarised epithelial tissues showed that in the normal heart, undifferentiated SHF cells move from the dorsal pericardial wall into the distal outflow tract where they acquire an epithelial phenotype, before moving proximally where they differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Thus there is a transition zone in the distal outflow tract where SHF cells become more polarised, turn off progenitor markers and start to differentiate to cardiomyocytes. Membrane-bound Vangl2 marks the proximal extent of this transition zone and in the absence of Vangl2, the SHF-derived cells are abnormally polarised and disorganised. The consequent thickening, rather than lengthening, of the outflow wall leads to a shortened outflow tract. Premature down regulation of the SHF-progenitor marker Isl1 in the mutants, and accompanied premature differentiation to cardiomyocytes, suggests that the organisation of the cells within the transition zone is important for maintaining the undifferentiated phenotype. Thus, Vangl2-regulated polarisation and subsequent acquisition of an epithelial phenotype is essential to lengthen the tubular outflow vessel, a process that is essential for on-going cardiac morphogenesis

Development of an N-1 perfusion process and optimized scale-down models for implementation in a platform CHO cell culture manufacturing process

The use of N-1 perfusion, coupled with high-inoculum fed batch in CHO cell culture manufacturing processes, has been shown to increase volumetric productivity and shorten the duration of the fed-batch production phase. Implementation of N-1 perfusion as part of a platform process requires the ability to screen multiple clones and to optimize media and process parameters in a high-throughput manner. We have developed an N-1 perfusion process, along with a series of scale-down models for N-1 perfusion using shake flasks, cell culture tubes, and deep-well plates. Process parameters for scale-down models were optimized to maximize comparability of growth profiles and cell culture performance relative to 5L N-1 perfusion bioreactors. Scale-down models were used to inoculate fed-batch experiments in Ambr15 micro-bioreactors at high seeding density, in order to compare growth and productivity profiles to those observed in 5L bench scale bioreactors. Multiple cell lines derived from different CHO hosts were evaluated in order to verify the robustness of the scale-down models. Results demonstrated that cell growth and viability in the optimized scale-down models were comparable to those observed in 5L N-1 perfusion bioreactors. Furthermore, growth, productivity, and product quality profiles from high-inoculum fed-batch experiments were comparable regardless of inoculum source. Optimized scale down models of N-1 perfusion, coupled with Ambr15 fed-batch production micro-bioreactors, have now been integrated into a high-throughput and robust workflow to enable DOE and screening experiments for clone selection, media development and parameter optimization in a platform N-1 perfusion process for monoclonal antibody manufacturing

Feasibility study for the surface prediction and mapping of phytonutrients in minimally processed rocket leaves (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) during storage by hyperspectral imaging

A comprehensive study of the feasibility of hyperspectral imaging in visible (400–1000 nm) and near infrared (900–1700 nm) regions was investigated for prediction and concentration mapping of Vitamin C, ascorbic acid (AA), dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA) and phenols in wild rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) over a storage span of 12 days at 5 °C. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) with different data pretreatments and wavelength selection resulted in satisfactory predictions for all parameters in the NIR range except DHAA. Prediction models were used for concentration mapping to follow changes over time. The prediction maps will be comprehensively study to assess the pixel to pixel variation within the rocket leaves. The PLSR models for Vitamin C, AA and phenols yielded an R2 of 0.76, 0.73 and 0.78, respectively in external prediction with root mean square errors approximately equivalent to those of reference analysis. Conclusively, hyperspectral imaging, with the correct mapping approach, can be a useful tool for the prediction and mapping of phytonutrients in wild rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia) over time

Using chemometrics to characterise and unravel the near infra-red spectral changes induced in aubergine fruit by chilling injury as influenced by storage time and temperature

The early non-destructive detection of chilling injury (CI) in aubergine fruit was investigated using spectroscopy. CI is a physiological disorder that occurs when the fruit is subjected to temperatures lower than 12 °C. Reference measurements of CI were acquired by visual appearance analysis, measuring electrolyte leakage (EL), mass loss and firmness evaluations which demonstrated that even before three days of storage at 2 °C, the CI process was initiated. An ANOVA-simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) was used to investigate the effect of temperature and storage time on the Fourier transform – near infra-red (FT-NIR) spectral fingerprints. The ASCA model demonstrated that temperature, duration of storage, and their interaction had a significant effect on the spectra. In addition, it was possible to highlight the main variations in the experimental results with reference to the effects of the main factors, and with respect to storage time, to discover any major monotonic trends with time. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used as a supervised classification method to discriminate between fruit based on chilling and safe temperatures. In this case, only significant spectral wavebands which were significantly influenced by the effect of temperature based on ASCA were utilised. PLS-DA prediction accuracy was 87.4 ± 2.7% as estimated by a repeated double-cross-validation procedure (50 runs) and the significance of the observed discrimination was verified by means of permutation tests. The outcomes of this study indicate a promising potential for near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS) to provide non-invasive, rapid and reliable detection of CI in aubergine fruit