Effect of timing and graded levels of nitrogen and potassium in SRI cultivation

A field experiment was carried out at Annamalai University Experimental farm, Annamalai nagar, during Kuruvai and Navarai in the year 2008-09. To study the timing and graded levels of nitrogen and potassium in rice crop under SRI (System of rice intensification) cultivation. The experiment was laid out on deep clay soil by adopting randomized block design with factorial technique (FRBD). The results of field experiment revealed that the maximum growth and yield attributes were recorded in the treatment which received P2O5 as fully basal dose and nitrogen as three split doses viz., 50% basal and 25% each at tillering and panicle initiation stages. Potassium was applied as 33.3% K2O each at 15, 30 and 45 DAT. This treatment significantly recorded higher grain yield of 6278.7 kg ha-1 in field experiment – I and 6577.9 kg ha-1 in field experiment – II; and the straw yield of 7010.3 and 7309.7 kg ha-1 in field experiment I and II respectively. The shoot and grain uptake of nutrients (N, P and K) were high during 15, 30 and 45 DAT and at harvest which received 33.3 % K2O each at 15, 30 and 45 DAT

Structural and Optical Properties of Electro Sprayed Tin Oxide Thin Films

Semiconducting transparent SnO2 thin films were prepared by microcontroller processed electro spraying technique. The structural and optical properties of the films were studied using X-ray diffractometer, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and Photoluminescence spectroscopy respectively. The polycrystalline nature of the films with tetragonal structure was observed from XRD pattern with the mean grain size of 17 nm. The Optical band gap of the films was calculated from the absorption curve and the interference pattern was observed on transmittance spectra. The calculated band gap of 3.5 eV is larger than the bulk band gap of Tin oxide. The blue emission band at 388 nm was observed from room temperature photoluminescence analysis and the effect of excitation wavelength of the films were studied and discussed. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3598

Empirical investigation to explore potential gains from the amalgamation of Phase Changing Materials (PCMs) and wood shavings

The reduction of gained heat, heat peak shifting and the mitigation of air temperature fluctuations are some desirable properties that are sought after in any thermal insulation system. It cannot be overstated that these factors, in addition to others, govern the performance of such systems thus their effect on indoor ambient conditions. The effect of such systems extends also to Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning (HVAC) systems that are set up to operate optimally in certain conditions. Where literature shows that PCMs and natural materials such as wood-shavings can provide efficient passive insulation for buildings, it is evident that such approaches utilise methods that are of a degree of intricacy which requires specialist knowledge and complex techniques, such as micro-encapsulation for instance. With technical and economic aspects in mind, an amalgam of PCM and wood-shavings has been created for the purpose of being utilised as a feasible thermal insulation. The amalgamation was performed in the simplest of methods, through submerging the wood shavings in PCM. An experimental procedure was devised to test the thermal performance of the amalgam and compare this to the performance of the same un-amalgamated materials. Comparative analysis revealed that no significant thermal gains would be expected from such amalgamation. However, significant reduction in the total weight of the insulation system would be achieved that, in this case, shown to be up to 20.94%. Thus, further reducing possible strains on structural elements due to the application of insulation on buildings. This can be especially beneficial in vernacular architectural approaches where considerably large amounts and thicknesses of insulations are used. In addition, cost reduction could be attained as wood shavings are significantly cheaper compared to the cost of PCMs

Microstructural and mechanical characterisation of laser-welded high-carbon and stainless steel

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-7111-5Laser welding is becoming an important joining technique for welding of stainless steel to carbon steel and is extensively used across various sectors, including aerospace, transportation, power plants, electronics and other industries. However, welding of stainless steel to high-carbon steel is still at its early stage, predominantly due to the formation of hard brittle phases, which undermine the mechanical strength of the joint. This study reports a scientific investigation on controlling the brittle phase formation during laser dissimilar welding of high-carbon steel to stainless steel. Attempts have been made to tailor the microstructure and phase composition of the fusion zone through influencing the alloying composition and the cooling rate. Results show that the heat-affected zone (HAZ) within the high-carbon steel has significantly higher hardness than the weld area, which severely undermines the weld quality. To reduce the hardness of the HAZ, a new heat treatment strategy was proposed and evaluated using a finite element analysis-based numerical simulation model. A series of experiments has been performed to verify the developed thermo-metallurgical finite element analysis (FEA) model, and a qualitative agreement of predicted martensitic phase distribution is shown to exist

Irregularity-based image regions saliency identification and evaluation

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The publisher's final version of record can be found by following the DOI.Saliency or Salient regions extraction form images is still a challenging field since it needs some understanding for the image and the nature of the image. The technique that is suitable in some application is not necessarily useful in other application, thus, saliency enhancement is application oriented. In this paper, a new technique of extracting the salient regions from an image is proposed which utilizes the local features of the surrounding region of the pixels. The level of saliency is then decided based on the global comparison of the saliency-enhanced image. To make the process fully automatic a new Fuzzy-Based thresholding technique has been proposed also. The paper contains a survey of the state-of-the-art methods of saliency evaluation and a new saliency evaluation technique was proposed

Normal coordinate analysis of 1-chloroisoquinoline and 2-methyl-8-nitroquinoline

573-578The FTIR and FT-Raman spectra of 1-chloroisoquinoline and 2-methyl-8-nitroquinoline have been recorded in the region 4000-50 cm-1 and 3500-50 cm-1 respectively. The normal coordinate calculations were carried out using Wilson’s FG Matrix mechanism on the basis of General Valence Force Field for both in-plane and out-of-plane vibrations. All the modes of vibrations are assigned and calculations of potential energy distributions are also performed

Vibrational and normal coordinate analysis of xanthine and hypoxanthine

411-418<span style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" color:black;mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-IN">The FTIR and FT-Raman spectra of xanthine and hypoxanthine have been recorded in the region 4000-50 cm-1 and 100-3500 cm-1 respectively. The normal coordinate calculations were carried out using Wilson's FG matrix mechanism on the basis of General Valence Force Field for both in-plane and out-of-plane vibrations. All the normal modes of vibrations were assigned and discussed. Potential energy constants obtained in this study were refined using numerical methods.</span

PREPARATION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE SnO 2 THIN FILMS FOR MICRO GAS SENSORS

Recently interest in transparent electrically conducting Tin oxide films has been revived because of their prospective application in photovoltaic solar cells. Chemical vapor deposition and reactive sputtering are the methods generally employed for the deposition of oxide films. Metal oxide films deposited by hydrolysis of metal chloride (SnCl 4 .5H 2 O) have been extensively studied where as only a few reports have appeared on films deposited by Oxidation of metal chloride (SnCl 2 .2H 2 O). Even though the later method is relatively inexpensive. In this paper we report the influence of the deposition temperature and RPM of the substrate on the uniformity and the mean grain size of the films deposited by oxidation. The aim of this study was to establish the deposition parameters for obtaining nanocrystalline films with the best uniformity and the largest mean grain siz

Vibrational and normal coordinate analysis of thymine hydrochloride

341-345<span style="font-size: 15.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">The FTIR and laser Raman spectra of thymine hydrochloride were recorded in the region 4000-100 cm-<span style="font-size:12.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 5.5pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif""="">1 and the normal coordinate analysis has been carried out by assuming Cs point group symmetry. All the normal modes of vibrations are assigned and calculations of potential energy distribution are also performed. </span