Introducción de demostraciones prácticas para la enseñanza de la física en las aulas universitarias

An analysis about utility, characteristics and structure of the so called «practical demonstrations» is presented in order to introduce a dynamic element in the classroom. Although in apparent contradiction with didactic modern trends that proclaim «what students are able to do by themselves, teachers should not do "practical demonstrations" should be placed in an active methodological approach as a complement in the exposition of the contents, getting some importance concerning student passivity, lack of didactic facilities and high number of students per classroom

Biomarkers in ocular chronic graft versus host disease: tear cytokine- and chemokine-based predictive model.

Producción CientíficaPurpose: To develop a tear molecule level-based predictive model based on a panel of tear cytokines and their correlation with clinical features in ocular chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD). Methods: Twenty-two ocular cGVHD patients and 21 healthy subjects were evaluated in a controlled environmental research laboratory (CERLab). Clinical parameters were recorded, and tears were collected. Levels of 15 molecules (epidermal growth factor [EGF], IL receptor antagonist [IL-1Ra], IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, interferon inducible protein [IP]-10/CXCL10, IFN-γ, VEGF, TNF-α, eotaxin 1, and regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted [RANTES]) were measured by multiplex-bead assay and correlated with clinical parameters. Logistic regression was used to develop a predictive model. Leave-one-out cross-validation was applied. Classification capacity was evaluated in a cohort of individuals with dry eye (DE) of other etiologies different from GVHD. Results: Epidermal growth factor and IP-10/CXCL10 levels were significantly decreased in ocular cGVHD, positively correlating with tear production and stability and negatively correlating with symptoms, hyperemia, and vital staining. Interleukin-1Ra, IL-8/CXCL8, and IL-10 were significantly increased in ocular cGVHD, and the first two correlated positively with symptoms, hyperemia, and ocular surface integrity while negatively correlating with tear production and stability. Predictive models were generated, and the best panel was based on IL-8/CXCL8 and IP-10/CXCL10 tear levels along with age and sex, with an area under the receiving operating curve of 0.9004, sensitivity of 86.36%, and specificity of 95.24%. Conclusions: A predictive model based on tear levels of IL-8/CXCL8 and IP-10/CXCL10 resulted in optimal sensitivity and specificity. These results add further knowledge to the search for potential biomarkers in this devastating ocular inflammatory disease.Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Madrid, Spain, SAF-2010 15631 (AES)

Knowledge Networks around the Strategic Alliances of Micro Coffee Producers

The organizational process that goes from the knowledge networks to the strategic alliances supposes a management, production and transfer of information that the literature differentiates according to the degree of empathy, commitment, entrepreneurship, innovation and satisfaction of leaders and followers. In this sense, the objective of this study was to study the phenomenon in coffee growers in central Mexico. From a structural model ⌠X 2 = 321.23 (34gl) p = 0.009; GFI = 0.990; CFI = 0.975; RMSEA = 0.008⌡, after establishing the reliability and validity of an instrument, it was found that innovation determines satisfaction (0.51), although the type of study, sample selection and analysis limit the findings to the specific context of the investigation. Lines concerning the extension of work to different contexts and samples are noticed

Criteria for the prescription of oral bisphosphonates for the treatment of osteoporosis in a series of women referred for tooth extraction

Objective: To evaluate the criteria for the prescription of oral bisphosphonates (OB) in a series of women with osteoporosis referred for tooth extraction. Study design: The study included 38 postmenopausal women on treatment with OBs. The following variables were analysed: age, weight, height, type of OB and duration of treatment, bone densitometry and risk factors for osteoporosis. In addition, the osteoporosis self-assessment tool (OST) was administered and collagen type I C- telopeptide (CTX) levels were measured. Results: Bone densitometry had only been performed in six patients (15.7%) before starting OB treatment. Based on the results of the OST, nine (23.6%) of the participants presented a low risk of osteoporosis. CTX levels were measured in 23 patients: 11 (47.8%) presented values below 150 pg/ml. Conclusion: Although all patients in the present series were on treatment with OBs, a large percentage did not satisfy the criteria for the initiation of treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis

EL SUEÑO EN EL ANCIANO. ATENCIÓN DE ENFERMERÍA.

The inadequate coverage of the need of dream can be considered to be a problem of health of special repercussion in the elderly population. To treat the problems of the dream we have three alternatives: pharmacological treatment, psychological technologies and measurements of hygiene of the dream. As professionals of the health that we are, we will have to respect and bear in mind the needs of the patient of individualized form, contemplating always to the person from a physical, psychic and social point of view that allows us to act of the as personalized as possible form. The sanitary education must go focused to informing about the normal changes of dream that they appear as consequence of the aging, as well as to promote basic measurements of hygiene of the dream. The care of the hygiene of the dream is the least aggressive therapeutic alternative and in turn the most nearby to the labor of nursing.La inadecuada cobertura de la necesidad de sueño se puede considerar un problema de salud de especial repercusión en la población anciana. Para tratar los problemas del sueño tenemos tres alternativas: tratamiento farmacológico, técnicas psicológicas y medidas de higiene del sueño. Como profesionales de la salud que somos, tendremos que respetar y tener en cuenta las necesidades del paciente de forma individualizada, contemplando siempre a la persona desde un punto de vista holístico que nos permita actuar de la forma más personalizada posible. La educación sanitaria debe ir enfocada a informar sobre los cambios normales de sueño que aparecen como consecuencia del envejecimiento, así como promover medidas básicas de higiene del sueño. El cuidado de la higiene del sueño es la alternativa terapéutica meneos agresiva y a su vez la más cercana a la labor de enfermería