Development of an Aeronautical Certification Process Focused on Avionics Equipment

The Final Degree Project “Development of an Aeronautical Certification Process Focused on Avionics Equipment” aims to introduce to the reader about the current aviation certification framework. Even though both, military and civil domains are tackled, a certification process for avionics equipment is developed under the European civil aviation regulations in force. Using the Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) as an example, the process for application of its certification, together with the deliverables that must be issued to the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the Agency’s internal application evaluation process are studied.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Ingeniería Aeroespacia

Factores relacionados con la pérdida ósea periimplantaria

OBJETIVO: Estudiar los factores (periodontitis crónica, higiene, diseño de prótesis…) que pueden influir en la pérdida de hueso periimplantaria después de 5 o más años de seguimiento. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se lleva a cabo un estudio observacional, longitudinal, retrospectivo, en 148 pacientes parcialmente edéntulos que han sido rehabilitados uno o más implantes y con un periodo de seguimiento post-colocación igual o superior a 5 años. Se seleccionan dos sistemas de implantes: implantes Astratech® (Möndal, Suecia), con conexión interna e implantes Bti® (Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, España), de conexión externa. Los pacientes se revisan entre octubre de 2010 y mayo de 2011. En total se incluyen en el estudio 585 implantes. Se compara la pérdida ósea radiográfica periimplantaria, con la pérdida ósea radiográfica periodontal, así como con otras variables a estudio como el diseño de la prótesis, el tipo de conexión, la higiene o las dimensiones del implante. RESULTADOS: Se observa que las variables que influyen en la pérdida ósea periimplantaria son la periodontitis crónica (P<0.01), el género (las mujeres presentan una pérdida ósea periimplantaria significativamente menor que los hombres) (P<0.01), la distancia entre la plataforma del implante y el componente horizontal protético (P<0.0001), el tiempo de seguimiento (P<0.0001), la existencia de enfermedades sistémicas concomitantes (P<0.01), el número de implantes totales que tiene el paciente en boca (P<0.05), el motivo de exodoncia (P<0.05), el sistema de implantes empleado (P<0.0001) y que los implantes unitarios presentan menor pérdida ósea periimplantaria que los implantes con coronas ferulizadas (P<0.0001). El mejor modelo predictivo multivariante incluye las variables género, sistema de implantes, tipo de ferulización de la prótesis y distancia entre la plataforma del implante y el componente horizontal protético. Se observa que esta distancia juega un papel determinante, de modo que cuando es muy pequeña (entre 0 y 3.3 mm) se observa una mayor pérdida ósea periimplantaria. A partir de 3.3 mm este efecto negativo se va atenuando y cuando se alcanzan los 6 mm de distancia implante-prótesis este factor deja de tener influencia en la pérdida ósea periimplantaria. CONCLUSIONES: La distancia entre la plataforma del implante y el componente horizontal protético ejerce una influencia significativa y determinante en la pérdida ósea periimplantaria. Esta distancia debe oscilar entre 3.3 y 6 mm para no ejercer un impacto negativo en la pérdida ósea periimplantaria y establecer una buena relación de contacto entre los tejidos blandos y la prótesis

Canary Economic relations with Latin America (2000-2011)

En este artículo se revisan las relaciones económicas entre las Islas Canarias y Latinoamérica en el período 2000-2011. Después de un breve repaso de la literatura sobre la internacionalización de las empresas, se analizan las relaciones comerciales, de servicios y los flujos de inversiones directas en el extranjero. La conclusión es que apenas existen relaciones comerciales y de servicios y solamente unos débiles flujos de capital para inversiones directas.This article reviews the economic relations between the Canary Islands and Latin America in the period 2000-2011. After a brief review of the literature on the internationalization of companies we analyzed trade and service relations, and flows of foreign direct investment. The conclusion is that there is little trade and services relations and only weak flows of capital for direct investments Key words: economic relations, trade, service relations, foreign direct investement

Correlation between clinical and pathologic diagnosis in oral leukoplakia in 54 patients

The main aim of this study was to establish a correlation between the clinical and pathologic diagnosis of oral leukoplakia with a particular focus on epithelial dysplasia. We reviewed the medical records of 54 patients with a clinical and histologic diagnosis of oral leukoplakia who were seen at our center between 2002 and 2008. We found that the disease was more common in men (59.3%) than in women and we also detected a significantly greater prevalence of alcohol and tobacco consumption in men. The mean age of the patients was 62.57 years. Three patients had been histologically diagnosed with invasive cancer and 4 with carcinoma in situ. The most common lesion site for leukoplakias with severe dysplasia and invasive carcinoma was the lateral aspect of the tongue, the floor of the mouth, and the gums. It is therefore essential to include these sites in the clinical examination to aid early diagnosis. A higher degree of dysplasia should be suspected in non-homogeneous leukoplakias. While dysplasia is associated with a greater risk of malignant transformation, it is also important to monitor leukoplakias without dysplastic features as they can occasionally be the site of carcinoma

Histopathological findings in oral lichen planus and their correlation with the clinical manifestations

Objectives: To highlight the most characteristic histopathological findings of oral lichen planus and their correlation with the clinical manifestations and forms. Study design: We performed a retrospective study of 50 biopsied and diagnosed cases of oral lichen planus obtained over a period of 11 years, spanning from May 1998 to April 2009. We analyzed the age and sex of the patient, type of lichen planus, location and different histopathological findings, comparing them with the clinical lesions. Results: Seventy eight percent of the patients are female and 22% are male, with an average age of 56.06 years for both sexes. The most frequent clinical form is reticular, present in 78% of the cases, and the most common location is the buccal mucosa, present in 70% of the patients. Hydropic degeneration of the basal layer and lymphocytic infiltration in the subepithelial layer are observed in the entire sample. Signs of atypia were identified in 4% of the cases, but without dysplasic features. Other common histological findings were the presence of necrotic keratinocytes (92%), hyperplasia (54%), hyperkeratosis (66%), acanthosis (48%), and less frequently, serrated ridges (30%) and the presence plasma cells (26%) Conclusions: Oral lichen planus is a disease that is more common in women, usually appearing in the fifth and sixth decades of life. The most common clinical form is reticular, manifesting mainly in the buccal mucosa. Histological findings characteristic of oral lichen planus include hydropic degeneration of the basal layer, lymphocytic infiltration in the subepithelial layer and the absence of epithelial dysplasia; however, it is also frequent to observe hyperplasia phenomena at the epithelial level, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and the presence of necrotic keratinocytes. © Medicina Oral

Size of Ovulating Follicle, Corpus Luteum and Blood Progesterone in Heifers Receiving Embryos from Three Grazing Breeds in Ecuador

The aim of this paper was to determine the size of the pre-ovulation follicle in the corpus luteum, and in blood progesterone on the sixth and twelfth days after ovulation, in Holstein, Brown, Swiss and Criollo breeds grazing in Ecuadoran Highlands. The size of the pre-ovulation follicle and corpus luteum, and the blood progesterone levels were determined on days six and twelve, in nine heifers from each breed. Assessment of ovarian structures was made by ultrasound scanning. The concentration of blood progesterone was determined by electrochemiluminescence. The pre-ovulation follicle in Criollo heifers was larger (14.6 ± 0.41 mm) than in Holstein (12.7 ±0.47 mm), and in Brown Swiss (12.7 ± 0.65 mm). The progesterone concentration on days six and twelve after ovulation of Criolla heifers was higher than for Holstein and Brown Swiss (11.0 ± 1.68 ng/ml, and 18.4 ± 2.04 ng/ml, respectively). The linear association values were high and significant (P &lt; 0.05) in the pre-ovulation follicle, corpus luteum and progesterone, in Holstein and Brown Swiss. It was demonstrated that for every additional millimeter above the Criollo mean on the sixth day, 1.67 ng/ml more of progesterone was generated in Criollo heifers (P &lt; 0.05) than in the rest. It was concluded that the Criollo heifers had higher progesterone levels than Holstein and Brown Swiss on the sixth and twelfth days, thus producing better conditions in the uterus, with lower early embryo losses

Current Development of Alternative Treatments for Endothelial Decompensation: Cell-Based Therapy

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade da Coruña/CISUG[Abstract] Current treatment for corneal endothelial dysfunction consists in the replacement of corneal endothelium by keratoplasty. Owing to the scarcity of donor corneas and the increasing number of transplants, alternative treatments such as cell-based therapies are necessary. In this article, we highlight the biological aspects of the cornea and the corneal endothelium, as well as the context that surrounds the need for new alternatives to conventional keratoplasty. We then review some of those experimental treatments in more detail, focusing on the development of the in vitro and preclinical phases of two cell-based therapies: tissue-engineered endothelial keratoplasty (TE-EK) and cell injection. In the case of TE-EK graft construction, we analyse the current progress, considering all the requirements it must meet in order to be functional. Moreover, we discuss the inherent drawbacks of endothelial keratoplasties, which TE-EK grafts should overcome in order to make surgical intervention easier and to improve the outcomes of current endothelial keratoplasties. Finally, we analyse the development of preclinical trials and their limitations in terms of performing an optimal functional evaluation of cell-based therapy, and we conclude by discussing early clinical trials in humans.Xunta de Galicia; R2016/036Xunta de Galicia; ED431B 2020/55Xunta de Galicia; ED481B 2017/029Xunta de Galicia; ED481A-2019/206Xunta de Galicia; ED481A-2017/280This work was carried out thanks to funding from the Rede Galega de Terapia Celular 2016 (R2016/036) and Grupos con Potencial de Crecemento 2020 (ED431B 2020/55) both from Xunta de Galicia. This work was supported by one postdoctoral and two predoctoral fellowships from the Xunta de Galicia and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund) [grant numbers ED481B 2017/029, ED481A-2019/206, and ED481A-2017/280, respectively], as well as by two predoctoral fellowships for research stays from INDITEX-University of A Coruña-2019

Criterios e instrumento para la valoración del modelo de Guía docente de la Universidad de La Laguna

La guía docente constituye un elemento básico en la educación superior, que debe estar adaptada a las exigencias que indica la normativa y servir también como un recurso importante en el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Aunque todas las asignaturas de las titulaciones disponen de una guía docente a la que puede acceder el alumnado, la diversidad de criterios que se adoptan al elaborarlas varía de manera sustancial de unas a otras. De este modo, se pueden encontrar guías docentes diseñadas y pensadas para constituir una herramienta importante para el aprendizaje del alumnado y otras cuyo grado de elaboración es muy básico y poco aportan al proceso formativo. Con la finalidad de valorar en qué medida las guías docentes se ajustan a la normativa institucional y los requisitos del modelo formativo del EEES, se ha diseñado un instrumento en el que se recogen una serie de criterios para evaluar este recurso de la enseñanza. Diferentes órganos de la Universidad (Departamentos, Comisiones de Calidad, Inspección, etc.) tienen la responsabilidad de realizar un diagnóstico y valoración de las guías docentes, para determinar si se ajustan a los requisitos que establecen las distintas normativas. El trabajo realizado pretende cubrir esta necesidad, ya que no se cuenta con instrumentos apropiados que permitan llevar a cabo estos procedimientos de revisión de las guías docentes.The teaching guide is a basic element in higher education, which must be adapted to the requirements indicated by the regulations and also serve as an important resource in the learning process of students. Although all the subjects of the degrees have a teaching guide that can be accessed by the students, the diversity of criteria adopted when preparing them varies substantially from one to the other. In this way, you can find teaching guides designed and thought to constitute an important tool for the lear- ning of students and others whose degree of development is very basic and contribute little to the training process. In order to assess the extent to which the teaching guides conform to the institutional regulations and the requirements of the EHEA training model, an instrument has been designed that includes a series of criteria to evaluate this teaching resource. Different organs of the University (Departments, Quality Com- missions, Inspection, etc.) have the responsibility of making a diagnosis and evaluation of the teaching guides, to determine if they meet the requirements established by the different regulations. The work carried out aims to cover this need, since there are no appropriate instruments to carry out these procedures for reviewing the teaching guide

Analysis of Cryopreservation Protocols and Their Harmful Effects on the Endothelial Integrity of Human Corneas

[Abstract] Corneal cryopreservation can partially solve the worldwide concern regarding donor cornea shortage for keratoplasties. In this study, human corneas were cryopreserved using two standard cryopreservation protocols that are employed in the Tissue Bank of the Teresa Herrera Hospital (Spain) to store corneas for tectonic keratoplasties (TK protocol) and aortic valves (AV protocol), and two vitrification protocols, VS55 and DP6. Endothelial viability and general corneal state were evaluated to determine the protocol that provides the best results. The potential corneal cryopreservation protocol was studied in detail taking into consideration some cryopreservation-related variables and the endothelial integrity and stroma arrangement of the resulting cryopreserved corneas. TK corneas showed mostly viable endothelial cells, while the others showed few (AV) or none (DP6 and VS55). The corneal structure was well maintained in TK and AV corneas. TK corneas showed endothelial acellular areas surrounded by injured cells and a normal-like stromal fiber arrangement. Cryoprotectant solutions of the TK protocol presented an increasing osmolality and a physiological pH value. Cooling temperature rate of TK protocol was of 1 °C/min to −40 °C and 3 °C/min to −120 °C, and almost all of dimethyl sulfoxide left the tissue after washing. Future studies should be done changing cryopreservation-related variables of the TK protocol to store corneas of optical grade.This research was funded by Xunta de Galicia (grant no. ED431B 2020/55), by Xunta de Galicia and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund; grant nos. ED481A-2019/206 and ED481A-2017/280), and by INDITEX and the University of A Coruña (grant no. 2019)Xunta de Galicia; ED431B 2020/55Xunta de Galicia; ED481A-2019/206Xunta de Galicia; ED481A-2017/28

Clinical infections by herpesviruses in patients treated with valproic acid: A nested case-control study in the Spanish Primary Care Database, BIFAP

The objective of this study is to evaluate the risk of clinical infections by herpesviruses in patients exposed to valproic acid (VPA).We performed a case-control study nested in a primary cohort selected from the Spanish primary care population-based research database BIFAP (Base de datos para la Investigación Farmacoepidemiológica en Atención Primaria) over the period 2001–2015. The events of interest were those diseases caused by any herpesviruses known to infect humans. For each case, up to 10 controls per case matched by age, gender, and calendar date were randomly selected. A conditional logistic regression was used to compute adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Current use of VPA was associated with a trend towards a reduced risk of clinical infections by herpesviruses as compared with non-users (OR 0.84; CI 95% 0.7–1.0; p = 0.057). Among current users, a trend to a decreased risk with treatment durations longer than 90 days was also observed. The results show a trend to a reduced risk of clinical infection by herpesviruses in patients exposed to VPA. These results are consistent with those in vitro studies showing that, in cultured cells, VPA can inhibit the production of the infectious progeny of herpesviruses. This study also shows the efficient use of electronic healthcare records for clinical exploratory research studie