259 research outputs found
Crowded or Empty Spaces? The Statuary Decoration of the âPalaestraeâ in Pompeii and Herculaneum
WĂ€hrend die Skulpturenausstattung von PalĂ€stren und Gymnasien im östlichen Mittelmeer in der Forschung viel Aufmerksamkeit erfahren hat, ist das Thema fĂŒr die westlichen Pendants bislang nicht umfassend untersucht worden. Dieser Beitrag analysiert die Skulpturenausstattung der Samnitischen PalĂ€stra und der GroĂen PalĂ€stra in Pompeji sowie der PalĂ€stra in Herculaneum. Existenz und Charakter der Skulpturenprogramme werden untersucht ebenso wie die umstrittene Frage, ob die Skulpturen angemessen fĂŒr die Sportbauten waren und sogar die problematische Identifizierung dieser Bauten als PalĂ€stren bestĂ€tigen können. Es zeigt sich, dass die Skulpturenausstattung aller drei Bauten erheblich von der in östlichen Pendants differiert. Dies legt nahe, die Benennung dieser âPalĂ€strenâ zu ĂŒberdenken
A Reassessment of the Urban Context of the Republican Baths (VIII 5, 36)
Das Foro Triangolare wird gewöhnlich als Ort eines athletischmilitÀrischen
Komplexes im spÀthellenistischen Samnitischen
Pompeji identifiziert. Benennung (gymnasium, campus, palaestra
der vereiia) und Ausdehnung sind zwar umstritten, aber
die Republikanischen Thermen werden einmĂŒtig als integraler
konzeptioneller und funktionler Bestandteil dieses Komplexes
gedeutet. Dieser Beitrag untersucht kritisch diese These,
basierend auf neuen Forschungen (Topoi C-6-8 Projekt, 2015â
2017). Es wird gezeigt, dass die Republikanischen Thermen
mit separaten Trakten fĂŒr MĂ€nner und Frauen nicht auf öffentliche
Initiative fĂŒr exklusive Nutzung durch die samnitische
Jugend konzipiert, sondern im 2. Jh. v. Chr. von privater
Hand als profitables Investment fĂŒr eine breite, zahlende Klientel
errichtet wurden
Greek Gymnasia for Non-Greek People. Archaeological and Epigraphic Evidence in Pre-Roman Italy
Literarische, epigraphische und archÀologische Quellen bezeugen
die Existenz griechischer Gymnasia im vorrömischen
Italien. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die politischen und kulturellen
GrĂŒnde, die zur Ăbernahme griechischen Lebensstils,
allen voran der Gymnasiums-Ideologie, in diesen nichtgriechischen
Kontexten gefĂŒhrt haben können. Anhand von
Fallstudien in zwei verschiedenen kulturellen Kontexten, der
brettischen Stadt Petelia und den Samnitischen StÀdte Abella,
Pompeji und Cuma, wird analysiert, wie die Elite dieser
StÀdte griechische Gymnasiums-Ideologie ausgehandelt hat.
Es wird gezeigt, dass Strategien von der vollstĂ€ndigen Ăbernahme
des Gymnasiums als Institution und Bautyp bis zur selektiven
Nachahmung ausgewÀhlter Charakteristika reichte
Lateral-torsional buckling of compressed and highly variable cross section beams
AbstractIn the critical state of a beam under central compression a flexural-torsional equilibrium shape becomes possible in addition to the fundamental straight equilibrium shape and the Euler bending. Particularly, torsional configuration takes place in all cases where the line of shear centres does not correspond with the line of centres of mass. This condition is obtained here about a z-axis highly variable section beam; with the assumptions that shear centres are aligned and line of centres is bound to not deform. For the purpose, let us evaluate an open thin wall C-cross section with flanges width and web height linearly variables along z-axis in order to have shear centres axis approximately aligned with gravity centres axis. Thus, differential equations that govern the problem are obtained. Because of the section variability, the numerical integration of differential equations that gives the true critical load is complex and lengthy. For this reason, it is given an energetic formulation of the problem by the theorem of minimum total potential energy (Ritz-Rayleigh method). It is expected an experimental validation that proposes the model studied
A taxonomy of performance shaping factors for human reliability analysis in industrial maintenance
Purpose: Human factors play an inevitable role in maintenance activities, and the occurrence of Human Errors (HEs) affects system reliability and safety, equipment performance and economic results. The high HE rate increased researchersâ attention towards Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) and HE assessment approaches. In these approaches, various environmental and individual factors influence the performance of maintenance operators affecting Human Error Probability (HEP) with a consequent variability in the success of intervention. However, a deep analysis of such factors in the maintenance field, often called Performance Shaping Factors (PSFs), is still missing. This has led the authors to systematically evaluate the literature on Human Error in Maintenance (HEM) and on the PSFs, in order to provide a shared PSF taxonomy. Design/methodology/approach: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted to identify and select peer-reviewed papers that provided evidence on the relationship between maintenance activities and human performance. The obtained results provided a wide overview in the field of interest, shedding light on three main research areas of investigation: methodologies for human error analysis in maintenance, performance shaping factors and maintenance error consequences. In particular, papers belonging to the area of PSFs were analysed in-depth in order to identify and classify the PSFs, with the aim of achieving the PSF taxonomy for maintenance activities. The effects of each PSF on human reliability were defined and detailed. Findings: A total of 63 studies were selected and then analysed through a systematic methodology. 46% of these studies presented a qualitative/quantitative assessment of PSFs through application in different maintenance activities. Starting from the findings of the aforementioned papers, a PSF taxonomy specific for maintenance activities was proposed. This taxonomy represents an important contribution for researchers and practitioners towards the improvement of HRA methods and their applications in industrial maintenance. Originality/value: The analysis outlines the relevance of considering HEM because different error types occur during the maintenance process with non-negligible effects on the system. Despite a growing interest in HE assessment in maintenance, a deep analysis of PSFs in this field and a shared PSF taxonomy are missing. This paper fills the gap in the literature with the creation of a PSF taxonomy in industrial maintenance. The proposed taxonomy is a valuable contribution for growing the awareness of researchers and practitioners about factors influencing maintainersâ performance.Peer Reviewe
Special Issue: Smart manufacturing forsustainability: Trends and research challenges
Peer Reviewe
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