Pengaruh Kreativitas Dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Bahasa Arab Di Ma Ddi Al-badar

This article is the result of the research which discuss about: 1). The influence of creativity toward students\u27 Arabic achievement, 2). The influence of learning mo-tivation toward students\u27 Arabic achievement, 3. The influence of creativity and learning motivation toward students\u27 Arabic achievement at MA Al-Badar DDI Parepare. This research used quantitative approach with correlational design. The population of the research was all the students at MA Al-Badar DDI Parepare which consist of 112 with 55 samples. The instrument of research was question-naire. Data were analysed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistic. The re-sult of the research shows that 1) creativity has pocitive influence toward stu-dents\u27 learning achievement in Arabic language; 2) motivation has positive influ-ence toward leaning achievement at arabic language; 3) creativity together with motivation influence positively toward students achievement in Arabic language at MA Al-Badar DDI Parepare

Pesantren sebagai Lembaga Pendidikan Islam (Sejarah Lahir, Sistem Pendidikan, dan Perkembangannya Masa Kini)

Pondok pesantren merupakan lembaga pendidikan Islam tertua di Indonesia sampai sekarang tetap memberikan kontribusi penting di bidang sosial keagamaan. Pondok pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan yang memiliki akar kuat (indigenous) pada masyarakat muslim Indonesia, dalam perjalanannya mampu menjaga dan mempertahankan keberlangsungan dirinya (survival system) serta memiliki model pendidikan multi aspek. Berdasarkan bangunan fisik atau sarana pendidikan yang dimiliki, pesantren mempunyai lima tipe berdasarkan ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana yang dimiliki pesantren itu sendiri. Sedangkan berdasarkan kurikulum, pesantren terbagi tiga, yaitu pesantren tradisional (salafiyah), pesantren modern (khalaf atau asriyah) dan pesantren komprehensif (kombinasi). Pesantren memiliki lima unsur atau elemen, yaitu masjid, kyai, pondok, santri, dan pengajian kitab kuning (tafaqquh fi al-din)

An independent framework for off-grid hybrid renewable energy design using Optimal Foraging Algorithm (OFA)

The rapidly increase in electrical energy demand from residential, commercial and industrial sectors is one of the major challenge in power system, especially in the current period of high oil prices, steadily reducing energy sources and increased concerns about environmental pollution. Renewable energy is considered as one of the solution to this increase in power demand. The conventional method of power system cannot meet the power demand for many reasons such as environmental effects, location of the consumer, price of fuel and others. This paper presents the design of an off-grid Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) for electrification of a typical remote area. The designed hybrid system consists of three different configurations of PV/Battery, Wind/Battery and PV/Wind/Battery systems. The system components are modelled and the objective function is designed as a function of total annualized cost of the system subject to some constraints binding the decision variables. The total annual cost is formulated as a function of annual capital cost and annual maintenance cost of the system subject to some operational constraints. In order to determine the optimal number of the decision variables that would satisfy the load demand in the most cost effect manner, Optimal Foraging Optimization (OFA) algorithm was used. Finally, a simulation experiment shows that the total annual cost obtained by each algorithm for the PV/Battery system is $9,340.42 or N3,876,274.30,$9,446.77 or N3,920,409.55 and $10,076.34 or N4,181,681.1 for OFA, GA and PSO respectively. For the Wind/Battery configuration, the total annual cost obtained by OFA, GA and PSO are$17,508.20 or N7,265,903, $12,493.27 or N 5,184,707.05 and$16,535.93 or N6,862,410.95 respectively. Similarly, the PV/Wind/Battery configuration showed that the OFA, GA and PSO obtained an annualized cost of $15,926.07 or N6,609,319.05,$18,167.09 or N7,539,342.35 and $16,535.93 or N6,862,410,95 respectively. From the results obtained by OFA are compared with that of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. Results showed that all the algorithm can efficiently size the hybrid system with OFA obtaining the most economical design. Therefore, for economically and efficiently electrification of a remote area in Abuja using an off-grid hybrid renewable energy system, GA optimization algorithm is recommended for wind/Battery system and OFA optimization algorithm is recommended for PV/Wind/Battery system

Gynaecological malignancies in Azare, North-East Nigeria: an assessment of types, stage at presentation and treatment affordability

Background: In many parts of the world, presentations for most gynecological cancers are late; this makes treatment difficult due to the cost of chemotherapy or radiotherapy which form the bedrock for cure or palliation. Objective of this study was to determine the types, stage at diagnosis, affordability of care and outcome of treatment of gynaecological cancers in Federal Medical Centre Azare, Bauchi State, Nigeria.Methods: All cases of gynaecological cancers seen over a ten-year period, from 1st January, 2003 to 31st December, 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. The number of all gynaecological cases seen during the period was also extracted.Results: Gynaecological cancer cases accounted for 11.84 % of 8,642 gynaecological cases seen during the period of study.  The mean age and parity of the women were 42±5 SD years and 5±1 SD respectively. Cervical cancer accounted for 55 %, ovarian cancer 30%, endometrial cancer 6%, choriocarcinoma 5%, secondaries/ cancers of undetermined origin were 4%.  Ninety-two percent presented with advanced stage of diseases. Only 25.3% could afford the cost of full treatment, and 8.4% attained cure of their disease. The modalities of treatment available were surgery and chemotherapy.Conclusions: Cervical and Ovarian Cancers remain the leading types of gynaecological cancers in our environment and late presentations are frequent occurrence. Late presentation and unaffordability of treatments are major challenges associated with the management of these patients. Early presentation and funding mechanisms for gynaecological cancers are keys to improved cure rate and reduced mortality

Influence of Periodic Administration of Garlic Extract on Blood Parameters of Grazing Lambs

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of periodic  administration of garlic extract drench on haematology and serum biochemistry of grazing lambs. Twelve West African dwarf sheep with an average weight of 12.00 ±0.77 kg were allotted to 3 treatment groups with 4 animals per group in a completely randomized design which lasted for 10 weeks. Treatment 1 (T1) served as control with no garlic extract, Treatment (T2) were given 5ml garlic extract weekly and Treatment T3 received 5ml garlic extract every 2 weeks. Results of haematological analysis showed that PCV significantly (P<0.05) differs among treatment groups while RBC, MCV, WBC, LYM and GRA all show no significant (P>0.05) difference. The lowest PCV of 19.68% was observed in T1 while T2 recorded the highest PCV of 29.68%. The results from serum biochemical indices shows that cholesterol and ALT differ significantly (P<0.05) among treatment groups while total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, urea and AST all show no significant (P>0.05) difference among treatment means. The lowest serum cholesterol value of 0.78 was observed in T2 while the control group  recorded the highest value of 1.30. The study suggests that garlic extract could be used to reduce the level of serum cholesterol in grazing lamb thereby improving meat quality.Keywords: Garlic Extract, West African Dwarf Sheep, Haematology, Biochemistry

Distribution and abundance of freshwater snails in Warwade Dam, Dutse, Northern Nigeria

Preliminary investigation in August, 2017 reported the presence of Lymnaea natalensis, Bellamya unicolor, Melanoides tuberculata and Bulinus globosus in order of increasing abundance and distribution in Warwade dam, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria. A follow up study was carried out from April to October, 2019 to reveal further details on the abundance and distribution of freshwater snails in relation to some physiochemical factors of the dam. Four sampling sites; human activity, vegetation cover, lentic and lotic were selected for the study along the bank of the dam. Freshwater snails were collected using long handled scoop net with mesh 0.2mm complemented by hand picking methods in the four sampling sites. Water samples from the sampling sites were analyzed in the laboratory using standard procedures. A total of 2,027 of freshwater snails belonging to ten species were identified. Bulinus globosus 12(0.6%) and Lymnaea natalensis 12(0.6%) had the lowest abundance and distribution while Melanoides tuberculata 1553(76.6%) had the highest. Snail abundance was highest in site characterized by human activities (670) followed by vegetation (482), lotic (442) and lentic (433) waters. Most of the physico-chemical factors measured appeared to favour the growth and survival of fresh water snails. pH (p = 0.01), water current (p = <0.01) and magnesium ion concentration (p = < 0.01) varied significantly across the four sites. Only calcium ion concentration was significantly associated with snail abundance (p = 0.04). Snail abundance showed weak positive relationship with water temperature, color, turbidity and concentration of magnesium ion. The dam habours about ten species of freshwater snails in different abundance and distribution with M. tuberculata being the most abundant throughout the period of investigation. The dominance of M. tuberculata over other species particularly those of medical and veterinary importance could have positive implication for their control in the dam

Influence of Periodic Administration of Garlic Extract on Blood Parameters of Grazing Lambs

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of periodic administration of garlic extract drench on haematology and serum biochemistry of grazing lambs. Twelve West African dwarf sheep with an average weight of 12.00 \ub10.77 kg were allotted to 3 treatment groups with 4 animals per group in a completely randomized design which lasted for 10 weeks. Treatment 1 (T1) served as control with no garlic extract, Treatment (T2) were given 5ml garlic extract weekly and Treatment T3 received 5ml garlic extract every 2 weeks. Results of haematological analysis showed that PCV significantly (P<0.05) differs among treatment groups while RBC, MCV, WBC, LYM and GRA all show no significant (P>0.05) difference. The lowest PCV of 19.68% was observed in T1 while T2 recorded the highest PCV of 29.68%. The results from serum biochemical indices shows that cholesterol and ALT differ significantly (P<0.05) among treatment groups while total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, urea and AST all show no significant (P>0.05) difference among treatment means. The lowest serum cholesterol value of 0.78 was observed in T2 while the control group recorded the highest value of 1.30. The study suggests that garlic extract could be used to reduce the level of serum cholesterol in grazing lamb thereby improving meat quality

Structural, optical and thermal properties of Er3+-Ag codoped bio-silicate borotellurite glass

In this paper, thermal, structural and spectroscopic properties of Er3+-Ag+ codoped bio-silicate borotellurite [{[(TeO2)0.8 (B2O3)0.2]0.8 (SiO2)0.2}0.99 (Ag2O)0.01]1-y (Er2O3)y where y = 0.05 glass are studied. The thermal and structural studies have been conducted using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) respectively so as to confirm the nature of the glass sample. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) has revealed the basic structural units of the glass system. Ultra violet visible (UV–Vis) spectrometer was used to measure the absorption spectrum and was analysed using Judd-Ofelt (J-O) and McCumber theory. Other important parameters such as radiative lifetime, branching ratio and transition probability are also determined from the analysis. The peak emission cross section discovered from McCumber theory is 4.9 × 10−21 cm2 . This value is larger than that of phosphate, silicate and tellurite glasses. The gain band width and figure of merit are used to evaluate the application of the glass in optical amplification and solid state laser

Natural Products Modulating Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) as Potential COVID-19 Therapies

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a potentially fatal multisystemic infection caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, viable therapeutic options that are cost effective, safe and readily available are desired, but lacking. Nevertheless, the pandemic is noticeably of lesser burden in African and Asian regions, where the use of traditional herbs predominates, with such relationship warranting a closer look at ethnomedicine. From a molecular viewpoint, the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the crucial first phase of COVID-19 pathogenesis. Here, we review plants with medicinal properties which may be implicated in mitigation of viral invasion either via direct or indirect modulation of ACE2 activity to ameliorate COVID-19. Selected ethnomedicinal plants containing bioactive compounds which may prevent and mitigate the fusion and entry of the SARS-CoV-2 by modulating ACE2-associated up and downstream events are highlighted. Through further experimentation, these plants could be supported for ethnobotanical use and the phytomedicinal ligands could be potentially developed into single or combined preventive therapeutics for COVID-19. This will benefit researchers actively looking for solutions from plant bioresources and help lessen the burden of COVID-19 across the globe.We appreciate the support and resource provided by staff and postgraduate members of the Center for Advanced Medical Research and Training (CAMRET), Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria. DU acknowledges the postgraduate scholarship awarded to him (CAMRET/ 2019/MSc/SCH003) by CAMRET. NC-M. acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology under the Horizon 2020 Program (PTDC/PSI-GER/ 28076/2017). The work was also supported by Taif University Researchers Supporting Program (Project number: TURSP-2020/93), Taif University, Saudi Arabia