Velike anatomske varijacije plućnih pukotina i režnjeva na obdukciji

This study was aimed at determining major accessory fissures (MAF) and absence or incompleteness of lobar or major fissures (MF) during routine forensic autopsies. Prior to starting this prospective study, forms were prepared to collect data on pulmonary lobes and fissures. In this study, 420 lungs of 210 autopsy cases were examined for incompleteness and absence of MF and complete accessory fissures. Horizontal fissures were incomplete in 18 right lungs. Incomplete oblique fissures were noted in three right and two left lungs. Unidentified abnormal fissures were determined in one left lung and five right lungs. The most common fissural abnormality was less than half complete horizontal fissure. Four right lungs had four lobes and two left lungs had three lobes because of complete accessory fissures. The number of lobes in the left and right lungs and the morphological features of both incomplete MF and MAF were determined in detail and the variations were photographed. It is concluded that, in addition to studies on computed tomography scans, autopsy series are useful for determining the variations of MF and MAF of the lungs in different populations.Cilj ove studije bio je utvrditi glavne pomoćne pukotine te odsutne ili nepotpune lobarne ili glavne pukotine tijekom rutinske forenzične obdukcije. Prije početka ove prospektivne studije pripremljeni su obrasci za prikupljanje podataka o plućnim režnjevima i pukotinama. U ovoj studiji su odsutne ili nepotpune glavne pukotine te potpune pomoćne pukotine ispitane na 420 pluća u 210 obdukcijskih slučajeva. Horizontalne pukotine su bile nepotpune u 18 desnih pluća. Nepotpune kose pukotine utvrđene su u trima desnim i dvama lijevim plućima. Neidentificirane nenormalne pukotine utvrđene su u jednom lijevom plućnom krilu i pet desnih plućnih krila. Manje od pola potpune horizontalne pukotine bila je najčešća nenormalnost pukotina. Četiri desnih plućnih krila imalo je četiri režnja, a dvoja lijevih plućnih krila tri režnja zbog potpunih pomoćnih pukotina. Broj režnjeva u lijevim i desnim plućima te morfološka obilježja nepotpune glavne pukotine i glavne pomoćne pukotine točno je utvrđen, a varijacije su fotografirane. Zaključuje se da su uz kompjutorsku tomografiju obdukcijski slučajevi korisni za određivanje varijacija glavnih plućnih pukotina i pomoćnih glavnih pukotina u različitim populacijama

The Evaluation of Variations of The Hyoid Bone with Multidetector Computerized Tomography

The hyoid is a U shaped bone with a backward concavity. Locates at the lower edge of the mandible and lies parallel to the floor — functions as an attachment point for muscles and soft tissues of head and neck. The aim is to examine the variations and ossification of the hyoid. This study was performed retrospectively in 2010 - 2013 on 200 CT images. 3D volume rendering images of pure hyoid bone created from the axial CT images in 1 mm slice thickness. The morphological variation count was 23; ossification variations were 9 cases. No difference observed by gender, but there are differences between the age groups for ossification. Ossification rates were found as; partial 34 %, unilateral 33%, complete 22%, early 11%. Most of the morphologic variation were belong to minor horn (57%), variations of major horn were 30%. The clinical importance of hyoid bone has realized in recent years. Due to the close relationship of this bone with the muscles, ligaments, fascias, sternum, clavicles, its dysfunction can lead to general problems. Studies about the variations of hyoid bone found to be quite low, and we believe that our research will contribute to the content of literature

Are textbook lungs really normal? A cadaveric study on the anatomical and clinical importance of variations in the major lung fissures, and the incomplete right horizontal fissure.

INTRODUCTION: The lungs have three main fissures: the right oblique fissure (ROF), right horizontal fissure (RHF), and left oblique fissure (LOF). These can be complete, incomplete or absent; quantifying the degree of completeness of these fissures is novel. Standard textbooks often refer to the fissures as complete, but awareness of variation is essential in thoracic surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fissures in 81 pairs of cadaveric lungs were classified. Oblique fissures were measured from lung hila posteriorly to the lung hila anteriorly; and the RHF measured from the ROF to the anteromedial lung edge. The degree of completeness of fissures was expressed as a percentage of the total projected length were they to be complete. The frequency and location of accessory fissures was noted. RESULTS: LOF were complete in 66/81 (81.5%), incomplete in 13/81 (16.0%) and absent in 2/81 (2.47%); ROF were complete in 52/81 (64.2%), incomplete in 29/81 (35.8%) and never absent; RHF were more variable, complete in 18/81 (22.2%), incomplete in 54/81 (66.7%) and absent in 9/81 (11.1%). LOF and ROF were on average 97.1% and 91.6% complete, respectively, being deficient posteriorly at the lung hila. The RHF on average 69.4% complete, being deficient anteromedially. There were accessory fissures in 10 left and 19 right lungs. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a projection of the anatomy thoracic surgeons may encounter at operation, in particular the variable RHF. This knowledge is essential for optimal outcomes in both benign and oncological procedures influenced by the fissures

Potentially toxic metal accumulation and human health risk from consuming wild Urtica urens sold on the open markets of Izmir

WOS: 000493608300001Urtica urens is naturally distributed worldwide and frequently consumed as a medicinal and culinary plant. The aim of this study was to assess the concentration of potentially toxic metals in the samples of Urtica urens sold in various locations throughout Izmir, Turkey. Urtica urens samples were purchased from a variety of open markets. The metal concentrations in these plants were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The significance of differences in the mean accumulation levels of the metals by plants was evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn (mu g g(-1), dry weight) for unwashed plants ranged from 0.030 to 0.645, 0.258-1.596, 10.620-96.400, 120.500-721.500, 22.270-75.410, 0.256-2.046, 0.164-6.746, and 25.610-74.770, respectively, whereas for washed plants, they ranged from 0.016 to 0.099, 0.238-0.728, 0.001-57.750, 0.003-347.800, 0.001-60.500, 0.125-1.359, 0.091-1.679, and 0.005-40.100, respectively. Concentrations in washed samples plants were lower for all metals. Also, the statistical findings indicated that washing wild, culinary, and medicinal plants before consumption is beneficial in terms of removing potentially toxic metals, agricultural herbicides, and pesticide residues. The health risk index (HRI) values of the washed vegetable samples are lower than those of the unwashed samples. Therefore, the consumption of washed plant samples is healthier

DETERMINATION AND COMPARISON OF HEAVY METAL ACCUMULATION LEVEL OF Ficus carica BARK AND LEAF SAMPLES IN ARTVIN, TURKEY

The purpose of this study is to define the value of heavy metals like Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrated in the F. carica bark and leaf samples collected from various places in Artvin City, Turkey. The analyses of these metals in the samples were carried out by ICP-OES. The comparisons were performed to specify whether there were any differences between the averages of the F carica leaf and bark samples in terms of heavy metal accumulation levels. According to analyses results, the contents of copper, iron, manganese, zinc, lead, nickel, cadmium and chromium (mu g g(-1), dw) in the F carica bark samples ranged from 68.88 to 88.14, 14.39 to 839.1, 0.896 to 35.39, 6.145 to 42.60, 0.113 to 1.206, 2.102 to 7.073, 0.030 to 0.180, and 2.228 to 7.747, respectively. On the other hand, for the leaf samples, the contents of heavy metals ranged from 2.801 to 26.68, 12.72 to 1605, 1.000 to 151.7, 7.383 to 40.16, 0.022 to 0.642, 0.216 to 1.849, 0.022 to 0.096, and 0.379 to 2.195, respectively. The study results showed that heavy metal concentrations in the bark samples were lower for Fe, Mn and Zn

Weekly cases of selected notifiable diseases ( 65 1,000 cases reported during the preceding year), and selected low frequency diseases, United States and U.S. territories, week ending October 13, 2018 (WEEK 41). TABLE 2r, Vibriosis (any species of the family Vibrionaceae, other than toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 or O139)

2018-41-table2S-H.pdfVibriosis (Any species of the family Vibrionaceae, other than toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 or O139)2018743