259 research outputs found
International Comparisons of Interindustry Data - Industrial Planning and Programming Series No. 2
South-South Trade in Manufactures: Current Performance and Obstacles for Growth
The last two decades have witnessed resurgence in South-South trade, investment, and regional integration. This article examines trade performance in total and technology-and-skill-intensive manufactures for a sample of twenty-eight developing countries with both developed (South-North) and other developing (South-South) countries. Previous studies and our sample data show that South-South trade in manufactures is characterized by higher capital and skill-intensive factor content relative to South-North trade, with major implications for development in the South, including the possibility of dynamic gains through learning by exporting, technological externalities, allocative efficiencies, and scale economies. The article concludes by discussing obstacles to increasing South-South trade and possibilities for future research on the topic.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline
Uneven and combined development
Uneven and combined development. Regional Studies. The concept of uneven and combined development (U&CD) interprets dynamic historical change and comparative geographical differentiation in terms of the co-existence of tendencies towards differentiation and equalization of the conditions of production, consumption, distribution and exchange, deriving from capital accumulation and political multiplicity. U&CD entails a conception of the global system as a constellation of interdependent, national institutional configurations and interests that shape international/national/regional trends. To explain geographies of industrialization and urbanization and current trends towards a pluri-centric world, U&CD requires, however, a specification of the underlying causal mechanisms, examined in economic geography, international relations and developmental state theories
Adapting to Change: The State of Singapore Private Enterprise in China
Academy of International Business. Southeast Asia Regional Conference 2013, December 5-7, Bali, Indonesia</h3
Livelihoods, conflict and aid programming: Is the evidence base good enough?
In conflict-affected situations, aid-funded livelihood interventions are often tasked with a dual
imperative: to generate material welfare benefits and to contribute to peacebuilding outcomes.
There may be some logic to such a transformative agenda, but does the reality square with the
rhetoric? Through a review of the effectiveness of a range of livelihood promotion interventions—from job creation to microfinance—this paper finds that high quality empirical evidence
is hard to come by in conflict-affected situations. Many evaluations appear to conflate outputs
with impacts and numerous studies fail to include adequate information on their methodologies
and datasets, making it difficult to appraise the reliability of their conclusions. Given the primary
purpose of this literature—to provide policy guidance on effective ways to promote livelihoods—
this silence is particularly concerning. As such, there is a strong case to be made for a restrained
and nuanced handling of such interventions in conflict-affected settings.Department for International Development - PO511
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Regulating disasters? The role of international law in disaster prevention and management
Purpose – This article explores the role of international law in disaster prevention and management, with a particular focus on the emerging field of international disaster law, and its relationship with international human rights law. It further introduces the four articles of the special column of this journal issue, dedicated to disasters and international law.
Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based upon primary sources of legislation and policy, as well as academic literature on disasters and international law.
Findings – Although the field of international disaster law is at its infancy, we argue that this emergent area does have the potential to gain widespread recognition as a distinct field of law, and that this could be of benefit for the wider disaster management community.
Originality/value – The article introduces key legal features and themes relating to international law and disasters, highlighting their relevance for disaster management. The added value is to widen the discussion on aspects of disasters regulated by international law, thus facilitating the future exchange with other academic subjects and operational fields.
Keywords – disasters; international law; disaster management; treaties; human rights; international disaster law; international human rights law.
Paper type – Research pape
Empowering production workers with digitally facilitated knowledge processes--a conceptual framework
Environmental pollution policy of small businesses in Nigeria and Ghana: extent and impact
This study provides a comprehensive assessment of firms’ operation and environmental protection polices in Nigeria and Ghana,
where there has been a rising industrial growth amidst low regulatory and institutional frameworks. We analyze the extents to
which firms’ adoption of environmental protection policies affect their performances. We use firm-level data of 842 firms (447
for Nigeria and 395 for Ghana) distributed across different regions of both countries for our descriptive and econometric
estimations. We find, among other things, that firms’ adoption of internal policies on environmental protection is dismally low
in both Nigeria (32%) and Ghana (17%), with policies focused on reducing solid (38%, Nigeria; and 35%, Ghana), gaseous
(22%, Nigeria; and 44%, Ghana), and liquid (24%, Nigeria; and 14%, Ghana) pollution. Training appears to be an important
intervention that can help improve firms’ adoption of such policies. We also found that firms’ adoption and implementation of
environmental protection policies significantly improve their performance
Human resources for health policies: a critical component in health policies
In the last few years, increasing attention has been paid to the development of health policies. But side by side with the presumed benefits of policy, many analysts share the opinion that a major drawback of health policies is their failure to make room for issues of human resources. Current approaches in human resources suggest a number of weaknesses: a reactive, ad hoc attitude towards problems of human resources; dispersal of accountability within human resources management (HRM); a limited notion of personnel administration that fails to encompass all aspects of HRM; and finally the short-term perspective of HRM. There are three broad arguments for modernizing the ways in which human resources for health are managed: • the central role of the workforce in the health sector; • the various challenges thrown up by health system reforms; • the need to anticipate the effect on the health workforce (and consequently on service provision) arising from various macroscopic social trends impinging on health systems. The absence of appropriate human resources policies is responsible, in many countries, for a chronic imbalance with multifaceted effects on the health workforce: quantitative mismatch, qualitative disparity, unequal distribution and a lack of coordination between HRM actions and health policy needs. Four proposals have been put forward to modernize how the policy process is conducted in the development of human resources for health (HRH): • to move beyond the traditional approach of personnel administration to a more global concept of HRM; • to give more weight to the integrated, interdependent and systemic nature of the different components of HRM when preparing and implementing policy; • to foster a more proactive attitude among human resources (HR) policy-makers and managers; • to promote the full commitment of all professionals and sectors in all phases of the process. The development of explicit human resources policies is a crucial link in health policies and is needed both to address the imbalances of the health workforce and to foster implementation of the health services reforms
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