Instruction Re-Selection for Iterative Modulo Scheduling on High Performance Multi-Issue DSPs

An iterative modulo scheduling is very important for compilers targeting high performance multi-issue digital signal processors. This is because these processors are often severely limited by idle state functional units and thus the reduced idle units can have a positively significant impact on their performance. However, complex instructions, which are used in most recent DSPs such as mac, usually increase data dependence complexity, and such complex dependencies that exist in signal processing applications often restrict modulo scheduling freedom and therefore, become a limiting factor of the iterative modulo scheduler. In this work, we propose a technique that efficiently reselects instructions of an application loop code considering dependence complexity, which directly resolve the dependence constraint. That is specifically featured for accelerating software pipelining performance by minimizing length of intrinsic cyclic dependencies. To take advantage of this feature, few existing compilers support a loop unrolling based dependence relaxing technique, but only use them for some limited cases. This is mainly because the loop unrolling typically occurs an overhead of huge code size increment, and the iterative modulo scheduling with relaxed dependence techniques for general cases is an NP-hard problem that necessitates complex assignments of registers and functional units. Our technique uses a heuristic to efficiently handle this problem in pre-stage of iterative modulo scheduling without loop unrolling

A Study on Performance Design Using a Sprinkler System for Fire-Spread Prevention of a Building Exterior

A glass exterior material is normally used in buildings, but it also comes with a disadvantage—it is easily damaged by fire. If the glass exterior material is damaged, a fire can rapidly propagate inside the building space, leading to a lot of damage from the flame transfer to the other space. In this study, the performance of a sprinkler for flame propagation prevention was evaluated during an experiment with an actual proof fire. The study found that where the sprinkler is installed with the glass exterior material, the temperature does not exceed 60°C until the end of the test due to the effect of the water curtain. In the glass exterior material where the sprinkler is not installed, the temperature rapidly increased just after starting the experiment, and caused damage 21 minutes and 30 seconds after starting the test

LANIT: Language-Driven Image-to-Image Translation for Unlabeled Data

Existing techniques for image-to-image translation commonly have suffered from two critical problems: heavy reliance on per-sample domain annotation and/or inability of handling multiple attributes per image. Recent truly-unsupervised methods adopt clustering approaches to easily provide per-sample one-hot domain labels. However, they cannot account for the real-world setting: one sample may have multiple attributes. In addition, the semantics of the clusters are not easily coupled to the human understanding. To overcome these, we present a LANguage-driven Image-to-image Translation model, dubbed LANIT. We leverage easy-to-obtain candidate attributes given in texts for a dataset: the similarity between images and attributes indicates per-sample domain labels. This formulation naturally enables multi-hot label so that users can specify the target domain with a set of attributes in language. To account for the case that the initial prompts are inaccurate, we also present prompt learning. We further present domain regularization loss that enforces translated images be mapped to the corresponding domain. Experiments on several standard benchmarks demonstrate that LANIT achieves comparable or superior performance to existing models.Comment: Accepted to CVPR 2023. Project Page: https://ku-cvlab.github.io/LANIT

State-space Manifold and Rotating Black Holes

We study a class of fluctuating higher dimensional black hole configurations obtained in string theory/ $M$-theory compactifications. We explore the intrinsic Riemannian geometric nature of Gaussian fluctuations arising from the Hessian of the coarse graining entropy, defined over an ensemble of brane microstates. It has been shown that the state-space geometry spanned by the set of invariant parameters is non-degenerate, regular and has a negative scalar curvature for the rotating Myers-Perry black holes, Kaluza-Klein black holes, supersymmetric $AdS_5$ black holes, $D_1$-$D_5$ configurations and the associated BMPV black holes. Interestingly, these solutions demonstrate that the principal components of the state-space metric tensor admit a positive definite form, while the off diagonal components do not. Furthermore, the ratio of diagonal components weakens relatively faster than the off diagonal components, and thus they swiftly come into an equilibrium statistical configuration. Novel aspects of the scaling property suggest that the brane-brane statistical pair correlation functions divulge an asymmetric nature, in comparison with the others. This approach indicates that all above configurations are effectively attractive and stable, on an arbitrary hyper-surface of the state-space manifolds. It is nevertheless noticed that there exists an intriguing relationship between non-ideal inter-brane statistical interactions and phase transitions. The ramifications thus described are consistent with the existing picture of the microscopic CFTs. We conclude with an extended discussion of the implications of this work for the physics of black holes in string theory.Comment: 44 pages, Keywords: Rotating Black Holes; State-space Geometry; Statistical Configurations, String Theory, M-Theory. PACS numbers: 04.70.-s Physics of black holes; 04.70.Bw Classical black holes; 04.70.Dy Quantum aspects of black holes, evaporation, thermodynamics; 04.50.Gh Higher-dimensional black holes, black strings, and related objects. Edited the bibliograph

The geoaccumulation index and enrichment factor of mercury in mangrove sediment of Port Klang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Mangrove areas are important to the ecosystem. One of its crucial functions is as a sink of pollutants, especially metal ions. However, the accumulation of metals in mangrove sediment can generate negative impacts on plant growth, microbial activity, and soil fertility. Apart from that, the severity of the impact is highly influenced by the type of metal found in the sediment and the quality of sediment itself. One of the metals that have adverse effects on the environment is mercury. The objectives of this study are to determine the concentration and distribution of mercury and to assess the enrichment of mercury in Port Klang mangrove sediment by using geoaccumulation index and enrichment factor. Sediment samples were collected from 30 sampling points that cover Langat River and Klang River estuaries, Lumut Straits, Pulau Klang, and Pulau Indah. During sampling, water parameters such as pH, salinity, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids were measured in situ, whereas the total mercury in sediment samples was determined at the laboratory using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In this study, mercury was found to be concentrated along Lumut Strait especially in the mixing zone near the confluence of Langat River and at the jetty to Pulau Ketam. The geoaccumulation index and enrichment factor (calculated using logarithmized data of the reference element) found that three stations were enriched with mercury. In addition, geoaccumulation index was also observed to be more objective compared to enrichment factor whose results were influenced by the concentration of reference element used

Risky business: factor analysis of survey data – assessing the probability of incorrect dimensionalisation

This paper undertakes a systematic assessment of the extent to which factor analysis the correct number of latent dimensions (factors) when applied to ordered categorical survey items (so-called Likert items). We simulate 2400 data sets of uni-dimensional Likert items that vary systematically over a range of conditions such as the underlying population distribution, the number of items, the level of random error, and characteristics of items and item-sets. Each of these datasets is factor analysed in a variety of ways that are frequently used in the extant literature, or that are recommended in current methodological texts. These include exploratory factor retention heuristics such as Kaiser’s criterion, Parallel Analysis and a non-graphical scree test, and (for exploratory and confirmatory analyses) evaluations of model fit. These analyses are conducted on the basis of Pearson and polychoric correlations.We find that, irrespective of the particular mode of analysis, factor analysis applied to ordered-categorical survey data very often leads to over-dimensionalisation. The magnitude of this risk depends on the specific way in which factor analysis is conducted, the number of items, the properties of the set of items, and the underlying population distribution. The paper concludes with a discussion of the consequences of overdimensionalisation, and a brief mention of alternative modes of analysis that are much less prone to such problems

Comparison of neonatal reference intervals for 23 biochemical analytes in the cord blood-A single center study in South Korea

Reference intervals for laboratory tests are important in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. However, due to difficulty in recruiting sufficient numbers of reference subjects, studies regarding reference intervals for biochemical analytes in neonates is lacking. The aim of this study was to compare and validate the reference intervals for 23 biochemical analytes in the cord blood of neonates. From August to December 2017, 79 consecutive neonates born at the Wonju Severance Christian Hospital (Wonju, Korea) with C-reactive protein concentration less than 0.05 mg/dL were included in this study. All of 23 biochemical analytes were measured by the cobas 8000 c702 (Roche Diagnostics, Switzerland). Mean ± 2 standard deviations (SD) were calculated if the values were normally distributed, and median and the range of 2.5-97.5 percentile were described when the values were not normally distributed. We compared the neonatal reference intervals for 23 biochemical analytes. Alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transferase showed significant differences according to sex, and direct bilirubin revealed significant differences depending on the delivery mode. These compared reference intervals of 23 biochemical analytes will be useful for clinical decision-making in the management of neonates

VIM- and IMP-Type Metallo-β-lactamase–Producing Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. in Korean Hospitals

We determined the occurrence of acquired metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)–producing bacteria in Korean hospitals. Among the isolates nonsusceptible to imipenem that were collected from 28 hospitals from 2000 to 2001, 44 (11.4%) of 387 Pseudomonas spp. and 38 (14.2%) of 267 Acinetobacter spp. infections produced MBL and had alleles of blaVIM-2 or blaIMP-1. MBL-producing isolates were detected in 60.7% of the hospitals

Hawking Radiation from Higher-Dimensional Black Holes

We review the quantum field theory description of Hawking radiation from evaporating black holes and summarize what is known about Hawking radiation from black holes in more than four space-time dimensions. In the context of the Large Extra Dimensions scenario, we present the theoretical formalism for all types of emitted fields and a selection of results on the radiation spectra. A detailed analysis of the Hawking fluxes in this case is essential for modelling the evaporation of higher-dimensional black holes at the LHC, whose creation is predicted by low-energy models of quantum gravity. We discuss the status of the quest for black-hole solutions in the context of the Randall-Sundrum brane-world model and, in the absence of an exact metric, we review what is known about Hawking radiation from such black holes