Farm Machinery Hire Services For Small Farms In Kampar Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia

Small farmers in the Kampar Regency are dependent on farm machinery hire services for their farm operations. This study aims to provide an understanding of the management procedures of hire services groups and to determine the seasonal working areas and custom rates of machinery hire services managed by farmer groups. Twenty groups offering custom hiring services in seven districts of the Kampar Regency were visited during the rainy season in 2012, and group managers, mechanics, and operators were interviewed to collect field data. The results showed that these groups comprised 3-11 farmer groups, which in turn comprised 15-25 farm owners each. Each group had a simple organizational structure and managed one or more farm machines of various manufacturers and types. The number of machines owned by each group was not sufficient to deploy across the entire coverage area owned by the group members. The seasonal working area is small due to the limited number of machines owned, short working days per season, small paddy field areas, and low working capacities. The custom rates varied across groups depending on the type of machine and operation, land conditions, and the distance between the field and the hire services center. Suggestions for improving the operational performance of hire services groups have been proposed

Coherent quasi-particles-to-incoherent hole-carriers crossover in underdoped cuprates

In underdoped cuprates, only a portion of the Fermi surface survives as Fermi arcs due to pseudogap opening. In hole-doped La$_{2}$CuO$_4$, we have deduced the "coherence temperature" $T_{coh}$ of quasi-particles on the Fermi arc above which the broadened leading edge position in angle-integrated photoemission spectra is shifted away from the Fermi level and the quasi-particle concept starts to lose its meaning. $T_{coh}$ is found to rapidly increase with hole doping, an opposite behavior to the pseudogap temperature $T^*$. The superconducting dome is thus located below both $T^*$ and $T_{coh}$, indicating that the superconductivity emerges out of the coherent Fermionic quasi-particles on the Fermi arc. $T_{coh}$ remains small in the underdoped region, indicating that incoherent charge carriers originating from the Fermi arc are responsible for the apparently metallic transport at high temperatures

Corporate Social Responsibility : Benefit, Current Status and Future Trend

The objective of this paper is to review the current status and future trend of corporate social responsibility concept practiced by companies. In doing so, the term corporate social responsibility is defined with the regulations governing it. Then the benefits of performing such responsibilities are elaborated. Finally, the role of the public sector is discussed in assisting the business firms for practicing social responsibility. The examination of various available literatures revealed that, investing in social responsibility activities pays the firm in terms of improved brand image, skilled and motivated employees, better risk management etc. Finally, this paper concluded that, social responsibility compliance and stockholders value are not mutually exclusive tasks, rather they compensate each other in achieving the ultimate goal of sustainable economic development

Dynamics of orientational ordering in fluid membranes

We study the dynamics of orientational phase ordering in fluid membranes. Through numerical simulation we find an unusually slow coarsening of topological texture, which is limited by subdiffusive propagation of membrane curvature. The growth of the orientational correlation length $\xi$ obeys a power law $\xi \propto t^w$ with $w < 1/4$ in the late stage. We also discuss defect profiles and correlation patterns in terms of long-range interaction mediated by curvature elasticity.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures (1 in color); Eq.(9) correcte

Evolution of emission line activity in intermediate mass young stars

We present optical spectra of 45 intermediate mass Herbig Ae/Be stars. Together with the multi-epoch spectroscopic and photometric data compiled for a large sample of these stars and ages estimated for individual stars by using pre-main sequence evolutionary tracks, we have studied the evolution of emission line activity in them. We find that, on average, the H_alpha emission line strength decreases with increasing stellar age in HAeBe stars, indicating that the accretion activity gradually declines during the PMS phase. This would hint at a relatively long-lived (a few Myr) process being responsible for the cessation of accretion in Herbig Ae/Be stars. We also find that the accretion activity in these stars drops substantially by ~ 3 Myr. This is comparable to the timescale in which most intermediate mass stars are thought to lose their inner disks, suggesting that inner disks in intermediate mass stars are dissipated rapidly after the accretion activity has fallen below a certain level. We, further find a relatively tight correlation between strength of the emission line and near-infrared excess due to inner disks in HAeBe stars, indicating that the disks around Herbig Ae/Be stars cannot be entirely passive. We suggest that this correlation can be understood within the frame work of the puffed-up inner rim disk models if the radiation from the accretion shock is also responsible for the disk heating.Comment: 39 pages, accepted for publication in Ap

Hole distribution for (Sr,Ca,Y,La)_14 Cu_24 O_41 ladder compounds studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy

The unoccupied electronic structure for the Sr_14Cu_24O_41 family of two-leg ladder compounds was investigated for different partial substitutions of Sr^2+ by Ca^2+, leaving the nominal hole count constant, and by Y^3+ or La^3+, reducing the nominal hole count from its full value of 6 per formula unit. Using polarization-dependent x-ray absorption spectroscopy on single crystals, hole states on both the chain and ladder sites could be studied. While for intermediate hole counts all holes reside on O sites of the chains, a partial hole occupation on the ladder sites in orbitals oriented along the legs is observed for the fully doped compound Sr_14Cu_24O_41. On substitution of Ca for Sr orbitals within the ladder planes but perpendicular to the legs receive some hole occupation as well.Comment: 10 pages RevTeX style with 7 embedded figures + 1 table; accepted by Phys. Rev.

Seebeck Effect in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

Creating temperature gradients in magnetic nanostructures has resulted in a new research direction, i.e., the combination of magneto- and thermoelectric effects. Here, we demonstrate the observation of one important effect of this class: the magneto-Seebeck effect. It is observed when a magnetic configuration changes the charge based Seebeck coefficient. In particular, the Seebeck coefficient changes during the transition from a parallel to an antiparallel magnetic configuration in a tunnel junction. In that respect, it is the analog to the tunneling magnetoresistance. The Seebeck coefficients in parallel and antiparallel configuration are in the order of the voltages known from the charge-Seebeck effect. The size and sign of the effect can be controlled by the composition of the electrodes' atomic layers adjacent to the barrier and the temperature. Experimentally, we realized 8.8 % magneto-Seebeck effect, which results from a voltage change of about -8.7 {\mu}V/K from the antiparallel to the parallel direction close to the predicted value of -12.1 {\mu}V/K.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, 2 table

Testing the Mutually Enhanced Magicity Effect in Nuclear Incompressibility via the Giant Monopole Resonance in the 204,206,208^{204,206,208}Pb Isotopes

Using inelastic $\alpha$-scattering at extremely forward angles, including $0^\circ$, the strength distributions of the isoscalar giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) have been measured in the $^{204,206,208}$Pb isotopes in order to examine the proposed mutually enhanced magicity (MEM) effect on the nuclear incompressibility. The MEM effect had been suggested as a likely explanation of the "softness" of nuclear incompressibility observed in the ISGMR measurements in the Sn and Cd isotopes. Our experimental results rule out any manifestation of the MEM effect in nuclear incompressibility and leave the question of the softness of the open-shell nuclei unresolved still.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physics Letters B. Very minor changes in tex