235 research outputs found
Enucleation of the solitary epithelial cyst of pancreatic head in an adult: A case report and review of the literature
Solitary true pancreatic cyst is a rare entity, and only a few cases are reported in the literature. We report a case of a 35‑year‑old woman who had a cyst in the head of the pancreas and gall stones and presented with complaints of pain in the epigastric region. The patient underwent open cholecystectomy with aspiration of the pancreatic cyst at some other private hospital. After 4 months, she presented to us with no relief in pain. Repeat contrast‑enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen showed recurrence of the cyst. The patient underwent enucleation of the cyst at our hospital. During a 2‑year follow‑up after the enucleation, she remained asymptomatic
On the Radio and Optical Luminosity Evolution of Quasars
We calculate simultaneously the radio and optical luminosity evolutions of
quasars, and the distribution in radio loudness R defined as the ratio of radio
and optical luminosities, using a flux limited data set containing 636 quasars
with radio and optical fluxes from White et al. We first note that when dealing
with multivariate data it is imperative to first determine the true
correlations among the variables, not those introduced by the observational
selection effects, before obtaining the individual distributions of the
variables. We use the methods developed by Efron and Petrosian which are
designed to obtain unbiased correlations, distributions, and evolution with
redshift from a data set truncated due to observational biases. It is found
that the population of quasars exhibits strong positive correlation between the
radio and optical luminosities. With this correlation, whether intrinsic or
observationally induced accounted for, we find that there is a strong
luminosity evolution with redshift in both wavebands, with significantly higher
radio than optical evolution. We also construct the local radio and optical
luminosity functions and the density evolution. Finally, we consider the
distribution of the radio loudness parameter R obtained from careful treatment
of the selection effects and luminosity evolutions with that obtained from the
raw data without such considerations. We find a significant difference between
the two distributions and no clear sign of bi-modality in the true distribution
for the range of R values considered. Our results indicate therefore, somewhat
surprisingly, that there is no critical switch in the efficiency of the
production of disk outflows/jets between very radio quiet and very radio loud
quasars, but rather a smooth transition. Also, this efficiency seems higher for
the high-redshift and more luminous sources in the considered sample.Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures, accepted to ApJ, updated to in press versio
Down syndrome with microgranular variant of acute promyelocytic leukemia in a child: a case report
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) accounts for less than 10% of pediatric AML. Cases of APL in Down syndrome (DS) have been described in the literature rarely and it is rarer still to find the microgranular variant (M3v) of APL in trisomy 21 patients.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We present a case of a five-year-old female with Down syndrome diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). She came to our hospital with bleeding manifestations. Blood and bone marrow examination revealed promyelocytes showing a few fine granules and occasional Auer rods. Based on this morphology and cytochemistry, a diagnosis of APL microgranular variant (M3v) was made.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This case report emphasizes the importance of a high index of suspicion in the diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia microgranular variant in Down syndrome.</p
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A Multi-Chamber System for Analyzing the Outgassing, Deposition,and Associated Optical Degradation Properties of Materials in a Vacuum
We report on the Camera Materials Test Chamber, a multi-vessel apparatus which analyzes the outgassing consequences of candidate materials for use in the vacuum cryostat of a new telescope camera. The system measures the outgassing products and rates of samples of materials at different temperatures, and collects films of outgassing products to measure the effects on light transmission in six optical bands. The design of the apparatus minimizes potential measurement errors introduced by background contamination
The ISOPHOT-MAMBO survey of 3CR radio sources: Further evidence for the unified schemes
We present the complete set of ISOPHOT observations of 3CR radio galaxies and
quasars, which are contained in the ISO Data Archive, providing 75 mid- and
far-infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs) between 5 and 200 micron. For
28 sources they are supplemented with MAMBO 1.2 mm observations and for 15
sources with new submillimetre data from the SCUBA archive.
We check the orientation-dependent unified scheme, in which the powerful FR2
narrow line galaxies are quasars viewed at high inclination, so that their
nuclei are hidden behind a dust torus intercepting the optical-ultraviolet AGN
radiation and reemitting it in the infrared. We find that (1) both the quasars
and the galaxies show a high mid- to far-infrared luminosity ratio typical for
powerful AGNs and (2) -- when matched in 178 MHz luminosity -- both show the
same ratio of isotropic far-infrared to isotropic 178 MHz lobe power.
Therefore, from our large sample investigated here we find strong evidence for
the orientation-dependent unification of the powerful FR2 galaxies with the
quasars.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysic
Assessment of intrahepatic blood flow by Doppler ultrasonography: Relationship between the hepatic vein, portal vein, hepatic artery and portal pressure measured intraoperatively in patients with portal hypertension
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Abnormality of hepatic vein (HV) waveforms evaluated by Doppler ultrasonography has been widely studied in patients with chronic liver disease. We investigated the correlation between changes in HV waveforms and portal vein velocity (PVVel), the hepatic artery pulsatility index (HAPI), and also the extent of abnormal Doppler HV waveforms expressed as damping index (DI), severity of portal hypertension expressed as Child-Pugh scores and portal pressure (PP) measured directly from patients with portal hypertension (PHT) to evaluate the indicative value of abnormal HV waveforms and discuss the cause of abnormal HV waveform.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Sixty patients who had been diagnosed with PHT and accepted surgical therapy of portosystemic shunts were investigated. PP was measured intraoperatively. Thirty healthy volunteers with no history of chronic liver disease were enrolled as the control group. HV waveforms were categorized as triphasic, biphasic or monophasic. DI was compared as the quantitative indicator of abnormal HV waveforms. Another two Doppler parameters, PVVel and HAPI were also measured. These Doppler features were compared with PP, Child-Pugh scores and histological changes assessed by liver biopsy.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In the patient group, the Doppler flow waveforms in the middle HV were triphasic in 31.6%, biphasic in 46.7%, and monophasic in 21.6% of subjects. These figures were 86.7%, 10.0%, and 3.3%, respectively, in healthy subjects. With the flattening of HV waveforms, the HAPI increased significantly (<it>r </it>= 00.438, <it>p </it>< 0.0001), whereas PVVel decreased significantly (<it>r </it>= -0.44, <it>p <</it>0.0001). Blood flow parameters, HAPI, PVVel and HV-waveform changes showed no significant correlations with Child-Pugh scores. The latter showed a significant correlation with PP (<it>r </it>= 0.589, <it>p </it>= 0.044). Changes of HV waveform and DI significantly correlated with PP (<it>r </it>= 0.579, <it>r </it>= 0.473, <it>p <</it>0.0001), and significant correlation between DI and Child-Pugh scores was observed (<it>r </it>= 0.411, <it>p = </it>0.001). PP was significantly different with respect to nodule size (<it>p </it>< 0.05), but HV-waveform changes were not significantly correlated with pathological changes.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In patients with PHT, a monophasic HV waveform indicates higher portal pressure. Furthermore, quantitative indicator DI can reflect both higher portal pressure and more severe liver dysfunction. Flattening of HV waveforms accompanied by an increase in the HAPI and decrease in PVVel support the hypothesis that histological changes reducing HV compliance be the cause of abnormality of Doppler HV waveforms from the hemodynamic angle.</p
TANAMI blazars in the IceCube PeV-neutrino fields
The IceCube Collaboration has announced the discovery of a neutrino flux in excess of the atmospheric background. Owing to the steeply falling atmospheric background spectrum, events at PeV energies most likely have an extraterrestrial origin. We present the multiwavelength properties of the six radio-brightest blazars that are positionally coincident with these events using contemporaneous data of the TANAMI blazar sample, including high-resolution images and spectral energy distributions. Assuming the X-ray to Îł-ray emission originates in the photoproduction of pions by accelerated protons, the integrated predicted neutrino luminosity of these sources is high enough to explain the two detected PeV events
Ultrasound screening for cholangiocarcinoma could detect premalignant lesions and early-stage diseases with survival benefits: a population-based prospective study of 4,225 subjects in an endemic area
Breast Cancer Epigenetics: From DNA Methylation to microRNAs
Both appropriate DNA methylation and histone modifications play a crucial role in the maintenance of normal cell function and cellular identity. In cancerous cells these “epigenetic belts” become massively perturbed, leading to significant changes in expression profiles which confer advantage to the development of a malignant phenotype. DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1), Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are the enzymes responsible for setting up and maintaining DNA methylation patterns in eukaryotic cells. Intriguingly, DNMTs were found to be overexpressed in cancerous cells, which is believed to partly explain the hypermethylation phenomenon commonly observed in tumors. However, several lines of evidence indicate that further layers of gene regulation are critical coordinators of DNMT expression, catalytic activity and target specificity. Splice variants of DNMT transcripts have been detected which seem to modulate methyltransferase activity. Also, the DNMT mRNA 3′UTR as well as the coding sequence harbors multiple binding sites for trans-acting factors guiding post-transcriptional regulation and transcript stabilization. Moreover, microRNAs targeting DNMT transcripts have recently been discovered in normal cells, yet expression of these microRNAs was found to be diminished in breast cancer tissues. In this review we summarize the current knowledge on mechanisms which potentially lead to the establishment of a DNA hypermethylome in cancer cells
The Molonglo Southern 4 Jy sample (MS4). II. ATCA imaging and optical identification
Of the 228 sources in the Molonglo Southern 4 Jy Sample (MS4), the 133 with
angular sizes < 35 arcsec have been imaged at 5 GHz at 2-4 arcsec resolution
with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. More than 90% of the sample has
been reliably optically identified, either on the plates of the UK Schmidt
Southern Sky Survey or on R-band CCD images made with the Anglo-Australian
Telescope. A subsample of 137 sources, the SMS4, defined to be a close southern
equivalent of the northern 3CRR sample, was found to have global properties
mostly consistent with the northern sample. Linear sizes of MS4 galaxies and
quasars were found to be consistent with galaxy-quasar unification models of
orientation and evolution.Comment: 102 pages; 6 figures in 21 Postscript files. To appear in
Astronomical Journal. For higher-resolution versions of some figures, see
http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/astrop/rwh/ms4
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