Trawl Fisheries off Visakhapatnam

Visakhapatnam is one of the major trawl fishery centres along the east coast of India. About 500 small mechanized fishing units including small trawlers and sona boats were in active operation, conducting fishing from Sand Heads in the North to Pentakota in the South. The data were collected from small trawlers during 1994-2003 and from son a boats during 1997-2003 and analyzed for changes in the trend of fishery,fishing patterns, craft and gear, species composition and possible impact of trawl ban on the fishery. Demersa] resources (43%) were the major component of trawl landings, followed by pelagic (35%), crustacean (20%) and molluscan resources (2%). The total catch and catch rate were higher during September - December. The CPUE ranged from 11 kg.h,1 (1991) to 25 kg.h,1 (2003) with an average of 25 kg.h" in small trawlers. In the case of sona boats, CPUE ranged from 7 kg.hl (1999) to 33 kg.h'l (2003) with an average of 23 kg.h". Though the magnitude of catch is higher in sona boats, the catch composition is almost similar to that of small trawlers. After the introduction of fishing ban during the month of May from 1999 onwards, the total landings increased during June - August; however, the CPUE has declined indicating increased effort

Validity of the Surveillance Quality Indicators - Timeliness and Completeness - in Surveillance Systems with Variable Data Quality

Timeliness and Completeness of the routine surveillance reports are surveillance quality indicators which are widely used for monitoring the surveillance quality. However our study shows that in maturing surveillance systems with variable data quality these quality indicators do not provide valid indication of quality. Maturing surveillance systems that have variable data quality should have more comprehensive indicators - including all surveillance system components and core and support surveillance functions - for monitoring surveillance quality

An Evaluation of the Key Indicator Based Surveillance System for International Health Regulations (IHR) -2005 Core Capacity Requirements in India

The Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP) is the key indicator based surveillance system in India to fulfill the core surveillance and response functions requirement under the IHR—2005. The goal of this study was to assess and review the core and supplementary surveillance system attributes and functions affecting the outcome of IDSP in the state of Andhra-Pradesh, by undertaking a cross-sectional survey in 35 health facilities; conducting 110 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) across all 23 districts in the state. The results from the study will inform the country's efforts to meet the IHR-2005 core capacity requirements by the year 2015

Validity of the Surveillance Quality Indicators - Timeliness and Completeness - in Surveillance Systems with Variable Data Quality

Timeliness and Completeness of the routine surveillance reports are surveillance quality indicators which are widely used for monitoring the surveillance quality. However our study shows that in maturing surveillance systems with variable data quality these quality indicators do not provide valid indication of quality. Maturing surveillance systems that have variable data quality should have more comprehensive indicators - including all surveillance system components and core and support surveillance functions - for monitoring surveillance quality

An Evaluation of the Key Indicator Based Surveillance System for International Health Regulations (IHR) -2005 Core Capacity Requirements in India

The Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP) is the key indicator based surveillance system in India to fulfill the core surveillance and response functions requirement under the IHR—2005. The goal of this study was to assess and review the core and supplementary surveillance system attributes and functions affecting the outcome of IDSP in the state of Andhra-Pradesh, by undertaking a cross-sectional survey in 35 health facilities; conducting 110 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) across all 23 districts in the state. The results from the study will inform the country's efforts to meet the IHR-2005 core capacity requirements by the year 2015

A reactive analytical approach for the estimation of olefinic content in gasoline-range hydrocarbons by gas chromatography

The estimation of olefinic content in conversion processes such as the etherification of olefins in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) gasoline is essentially required. Gas chromatography (GC) is the well-established method for the quantitative analysis of olefins in etherification processes. The current state-of-the-art GC methods employing highly specific long single capillary columns such as Petrocol-DH are being used for the analysis of gasoline-range hydrocarbons. However, the method needs many standard reference samples of respective components in a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, which limits the scope of the analytical method. The alternative approach followed by this investigation is based on the reactive method of the analysis of olefins in FCC light gasoline by subjecting them to hydrogenation and estimating the olefinic content by GC comparing the gas chromatograms of the original feed and hydrogenated product using a Petrocol-DH column. A decrease in the quantity and disappearances of the peaks are assumed as olefins, and their number and total composition is calculated. In this study the bromine number method is used to estimate the olefinic content for a comparison of results with the adopted proposed methodology. The adopted methodology quantitates olefinic content in FCC light gasoline, which is comparable with reported literature values and the bromine number method. With the availability of standard reference samples of some important major reactive olefins, the adopted methodology can also give component-wise analysis as well as total olefinic content in a single step in processes such as etherification. The methodology can be also useful in reactions in which the conversion of total olefinic content is needed such as hydration, esterification, and alkylation of olefins in a complex mixture of hydrocarbons apart from the etherification of olefins in FCC gasoline

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Not AvailableVisakhapatnam is one of the major trawl fishery centres along the east coast of India. About 500 small mechanized fishing units including small trawlers and sona boats were in active operation, conducting fishing from Sand Heads in the North to Pentakota in the South. The data were collected from small trawlers during 1994-2003 and from son a boats during 1997-2003 and analyzed for changes in the trend of fishery,fishing patterns, craft and gear, species composition and possible impact of trawl ban on the fishery. Demersa] resources (43%) were the major component of trawl landings, followed by pelagic (35%), crustacean (20%) and molluscan resources (2%). The total catch and catch rate were higher during September - December. The CPUE ranged from 11 kg.h,1 (1991) to 25 kg.h,1 (2003) with an average of 25 kg.h" in small trawlers. In the case of sona boats, CPUE ranged from 7 kg.hl (1999) to 33 kg.h'l (2003) with an average of 23 kg.h". Though the magnitude of catch is higher in sona boats, the catch composition is almost similar to that of small trawlers. After the introduction of fishing ban during the month of May from 1999 onwards, the total landings increased during June - August; however, the CPUE has declined indicating increased effort.Not Availabl