MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL’S EMIGRATION: CAUSES AND THE CONSEQUENCES

The consequences of emigration of health professionals in Lithuania are perceived rather negatively. Emigration of Lithuanian health professionals is seen as a loss of investments made in the process of preparing healthcare personnel. Medical or healthcare related studies are expensive and they are offered to Lithuanian citizens for free, whereas the skills and knowledge passed to students may be used in other countries, where work opportunities are much better than in Lithuania. However, the economic reason still prevails. Health professionals want to work and get such remuneration for their work that will allow them to live on a quite good level. Salary of our physicians is not low, but keeping in mind, that physician’s work is very hard, responsible, requiring permanent training and skills development, the salary should be yet higher. In other countries the medical professions are respected, have higher position in the hierarchy of respected professions. Emigration of health professionals has been an object of much policy discussion in the global context for many years, however, in Lithuania it is a new phenomenon

Estudo da imagem motora cinestésica em pacientes com cãibra do escrivão

The aim was to determine if patients with writer' cramp (WC) have abnormalities in kinesthetic motor imagery of hand movements. We timed the execution and simulation of a "finger tap task" and a "writing task" in 9 patients with simple WC and 9 matched healthy controls. In the "finger tap task, patients tended to be slower than controls to execute without vision (p=0.190) and to simulate the movements (p=0.094). In the "writing task", patients were slower than controls to execute writing with vision (p=0.0001) and without vision of the movements (p=0.0001) and to mentally simulate it (p=0.04). Patients were slower to execute writing than to simulate it (p=0.021) In general, there were not significant correlations between times of execution and simulation of both tasks. In conclusion, patients with WC seem to have slowing in the processes of mental simulation of hand movements that is not specific for writing.O objetivo do estudo foi determinar se pacientes com cãibra do escrivão (CE) teriam anormalidades na imagem motora de movimentos manuais. Foi cronometrado o tempo gasto para a execução e simulação de uma tarefa de "batida dos dedos" e outra de "escrita" em 9 pacientes com CE simples e 9 controles pareados. Na tarefa de "batida dos dedos" os pacientes apresentaram tendência a serem mais lentos que os controles para executá-la com visão dos movimentos (p=0,190) e para simulá-la (p=0,094). Na tarefa de "escrita", os pacientes foram mais lentos que os controles para executá-la com visão (p=0.0001) e sem visão dos movimentos (p=0,0001) e também para simulá-la (p=0,04). Os pacientes foram mais lentos para escrever que para simular a escrita (p=0,021). Não encontramos correlação entre os tempos de execução e simulação das tarefas. Pacientes com CE apresentam alentecimento no processo de simulação mental de movimentos manuais

Educational disparities in diabetes: A mediation analysis through BMI among urban adults from Argentina

Low socio-economic status is linked to a higher probability of having type 2 diabetes mellitus in adulthood, including body mass index as a mediation factor in such association. However, the evidence from low- and middle-income countries is scarce and the mechanisms beyond this relationship are not yet completely acknowledge. Objective: The purposes of this study are to i) evaluate the potential mediating role of body mass index in the relationship between educational background and diabetes mellitus; ii) assess whether these associations vary by gender and age. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Data came from the Argentine National Health Survey of Risk Factors 2013 (n=30,119, 18-years-old and older). Age-adjusted genderspecific simple mediation modeling was conducted to estimate the potential mediation role of body mass index, in the association between educational level and self-reported diabetes mellitus. Results: In women there was a positive direct (OR 1.11; 95% CI 1.09, 1.13) and indirect -through body mass indexassociations (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.09, 1.36) between low education and diabetes mellitus. The associations were also significant for older women (50 years +), directly (OR 1.28; 95% CI 1.12, 1.44) and indirectly (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.07, 1.13). In men, low education was associated with lower odds of diabetes mellitus (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.76, 0.98). Conclusion: Decreasing body mass index might be an intermediate target to reduce the occurrence of diabetes mellitus among Argentinean adults, particularly among socially disadvantaged women.Fil: Rodríguez López, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; ArgentinaFil: Tumas, Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentin

History of Scholars

The History of Scholars Timeline can be found at http://www.scholars.umd.edu/20years/timeline.History of Scholars is a research gathered from the University of Maryland Archives and personal collections by the Research Group of the CPSP339S colloquium. The research was used as a foundation for the History of Scholars Timeline

Identifying geographical profiles of nutrition-epidemiological transition in Argentina

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Latin America has experienced major shifts over the last decades in its demographic, nutritional, and epidemiological profiles. While the global trends and patterns have been widely described, the differences in the process of nutrition-epidemiological transition among and within low- and middle-income countries have been scarcely explained. This work aimed to identify different geographical profiles of nutrition-epidemiological transition within Argentina in the 2005-2019 period. METHODS: A nationwide ecological study in Argentina was performed, using health statistics and demographic information from official data sources about its 24 geographical units (provinces). Percentages of change (2005-2019) of selected nutritional, epidemiological, and demographic indicators were estimated by geographic unit. Using a Principal Component Analysis coupled with a Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, it was identified geographic clusters representing profiles of nutrition-epidemiological transition (NET) across the Argentinean territory. RESULTS:Three NET profiles (clusters) were identified: 1) "Reemergence of infectious diseases”, mainly characterized by a rising burden of infectious diseases (such as congenital syphilis among others), with a decrease in the years of potential life lost (YPLL) due to cancer and external causes; 2) "Persistence of cardiovascular diseases with improvements in health and lifestyles", with rising arterial hypertension prevalence and decreasing YPLL due to infectious diseases, infant mortality and physical inactivity prevalence; 3) “Consolidation of the obesity-physical inactivity-cardiometabolic diseases triad", characterized by increases in the YPLL due to cardiovascular diseases, in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and adult obesity, and the proportion of people with a low level of physical activity. These clusters (NET profiles) accounted for 25%, 50%, and 25% of Argentina's provinces, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The identification of different epidemiological-nutritional profiles indicates that Argentina is facing different transitional processes. Macro-contextual factors may play a major role in shaping these profiles.Fil: Scruzzi, Graciela Fabiana. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Nutrición; ArgentinaFil: Tumas, Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; ArgentinaFil: Pou, Sonia Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Nutrición. Cátedra de Estadística y Bioestadística; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud; Argentina33rd Annual Conference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology: Promoting environmental health and equity in a shifting climateNueva YorkEstados UnidosInternational Society for Environmental Epidemiolog

Determinantes sociales y ambientales del cancer de mama. Estudio socioecologico y de caso-control en la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina), Últimas decadas

Resumen -- Capítulo I. Introducción -- Capítulo II. Marco Teórico -- Capítulo III. Metodología -- Capítulo IV. Mortalidad por cáncer de mama en la provincia de Córdoba, período 1986-2011-- Capítulo V. Morbilidad por cáncer de mama, indicadores sociodemográficos y exposición a plaguicidas: distribución y análisis de su asociación espacial en la provincia de Córdoba en el año 2010 -- Capítulo VI. Patrones alimentarios, estilos de vida y cáncer de mama en la provincia de Córdoba: análisis multinivel, período 2008-2015 -- Capítulo VII. La problemática del cáncer de mama desde una mirada integral: interrelaciones y discusión en contexto de los principales hallazgos -- Capítulo VIII. Conclusiones y consideraciones finales -- Bibliografía -- Anexos --Esta tesis doctoral se propuso identificar determinantes sociales y ambientales de la distribución espaciotemporal del cáncer de mama, en el marco de la dinámica de las transiciones poblacionales de la provincia de Córdoba, en las últimas décadas. Para abordar este estudio se planteó una matriz teórico-metodológica que integró tres dimensiones de análisis: a) nivel macro: análisis de la mortalidad por cáncer de mama en la provincia de Córdoba en el período 1986-2011; b) nivel meso: estudio socioecológico para valorar la relación entre la distribución espacial de la morbilidad por cáncer de mama e indicadores sociodemográficos y ambientales en la provincia en el año 2010; c) nivel micro: estudio caso-control para analizar el rol de los patrones alimentarios, estilos de vida y la ocurrencia de cáncer de mama en la provincia, período 2008-2015.Fil: Tumas, Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Argentina

Feminismo y cáncer de mama, una estrecha relación

En estrecha relación con la etapa final de las transiciones demográfica y epidemiológica, el cáncer de mama (CM) es cada vez más frecuente en las mujeres. El número de casos aumenta en todo el mundo, con diferencias en la tasa de incidencia y mortalidad, según sea la región geográfica (Martínez-Montanez et al., 2009). Algunos factores han sido asociados a la ocurrencia de esta enfermedad, como los hábitos alimentarios, nuevas pautas de reproducción (disminución del número de hijos e hijas y de la práctica de lactancia materna) (Instituto de la Mujer 2007). Las desigualdades de género limitan la capacidad de las mujeres para proteger su salud (OMS 2009). (Párrafo extraído del texto a modo de resumen)Eje 13: La salud de nuestros cuerposFacultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Oxidation chemistry of d^0 organometallic complexes

Electron-transfer processes can play an important role in organometallic chemistry. Herein, we demonstrate that even d^0 organometallic complexes exhibit a rich redox chemistry and present electrochemical, kinetics, and stereochemical studies that establish a general outer-sphere oxidation process for d^0 group 4 metallocene complexes. This oxidation chemistry closely parallels the reported LMCT photochemistry of these complexes