Cambios durante el día en la capacidad del ser humano para resolver problemas

El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar cambios durante el día en las funciones que se requieren para la solución de problemas: inhibición, flexibilidad y automonitoreo. Se registraron trece estudiantes universitarios voluntarios, por 29 horas continuas en el laboratorio, donde contestaron cada 100 min la prueba Stroop, que mide la inhibición y la flexibilidad, y la prueba de seguimiento, que mide el automonitoreo. Se encontró una disminución en las tres funciones analizadas durante la madrugada. La disminución en la capacidad para resolver problemas se relaciona con accidentes graves observados, tanto en el medio laboral como en la conducción de vehículos a estas horas del día

Determinants of Farmers’ Willingness to Pay for Irrigation Water of Lake Hawassa

The contingent valuation method is applied to analyze the economic value of quality improved irrigation water. Based on random sampling technique, 220 sample households were selected to determine farmers’ preferences on how much they are willing to pay for quality improved irrigation water. The Heckman selection model was used to analyze the factors affecting households’ participation in the lake quality improvement and the valuation of the quality improved irrigation water. The valuation result shows that most respondents have reflected their willingness to pay for the lake quality improvement stating their mean WTP of Birr 311.44 for irrigation water per hectare, which is equivalent to US$17.30 per hectare. The analysis on the determinants of WTP shows that education, annual income, multiple uses of the lake, farm size, gender, and age of households are the significant variables explaining the participation in the resource quality improvement and the valuation of the quality improved irrigation water. Therefore, identification of such variables and their relative importance in the valuation helps to obtain households who are willing to pay maximum level for the lake quality improvement. Keywords: Contingent Valuation, Heckman Model, Irrigation water, Willingness to pa

School Leaders Supporting Undocumented Asian and Black Students

There are 5.6 million K-12 students who are either undocumented or living with at least one undocumented parent (Passel & Cohn, 2018). In 2021, FWD.us estimated that approximately 620,000 K-12 students are undocumented; 34% of these students migrated from countries in Asia, sub-Saharan African, and Caribbean countries. These students have unique needs in schools, such as support for lower frequency language services, wraparound supports, and classroom curricula that should account for their cultural heritages and traditions. While scholars have conducted research on the largest group of undocumented students, Latinx, existing knowledge of the students coming from Asian and African countries is based primarily on research conducted in higher education settings. The dearth of research leaves school leaders ill-equipped in how to support many undocumented Asian and Black students. To address this gap, this generic qualitative study aims to explore how school leaders in four states support undocumented Asian and Black students in K-12 schools. The findings reveal that school leaders who support undocumented Asian and Black students often respond to situations in a reactive manner. They face a challenging dilemma at the intersection of immigration and education, as they are unable to identify who is undocumented, making it difficult to provide targeted support. Nevertheless, they are still expected to support these students’ education. As a result, it is recommended that school leaders operate under the assumption that they are always serving undocumented Asian and Black students. This study offers education practitioners proactive approaches to supporting this group of students

Application of Statistical and Mathematical Algorithms to Data Analytics and Job Creation in Nigeria

In this paper, we examine the use of statistical and mathematical algorithms in data analytics and their application in business intelligence, insights and collective intelligence, for enhanced job creation interventions in Nigeria. The paper argues that the demand-driven job creation, involving developing skills for existing vacancies or opportunities is no longer sustainable in the current challenging economic conditions. Rather it makes a case for supply-driven job creation, where skills are developed in technology and data analytics (with strong reliance on statistics and mathematics), with a view to solving business and corporate problems, thereby enhancing job creation in those businesses and corporations, which hitherto had no vacancies. The paper surveys statistical and mathematical algorithms, categorized as supervised and unsupervised learning techniques, applied in data analytics, and discusses the emerging requirements for data analytics in modern business and corporations. It further discusses modern application of data analytics in a number of business areas such as marketing, customer management, finances, data mining, web and learning, highlighting a number of metrics specific to each sector. The paper also identifies the specialized skills required to create job opportunities in key sectors in Nigeria. Drawing extensively from the lead author’s experience in the UK, the paper presents how skills in modern data analytics can lead in creating job opportunities, a major lesson for Nigeria. Keywords: Job Creation, Data Analytics, Data Science, Business intelligence, Insights, Algorithm

Settlement Workers in Schools: A look at the importance of the SWIS Program

Settlement Workers in Schools (SWIS) provide newcomer students (elementary and secondary) and their families with support as they integrate into their new Canadian communities. In this paper, I explore the experiences of Settlement workers and the perceptions of their roles in the eyes of the newcomer students, families, and school staff they support. I researched the benefits and challenges they experience while supporting the acculturation process of their clients. I also review recommendations on how to support these individuals in their roles. Using a social constructivist lens supported by the Ecological Systems theory, I endeavor to uncover themes that highlight the importance of Settlement workers in schools and the community at large. This may also lead to understanding the complexities of relationships among Settlement workers, school staff, and newcomer students and families

Organização do espaço global na geopolítica “clássica”: uma visão da geopolítica crítica

Geopolitics was born and developed between 1870 and 1945, in the era of greater rivalry between European empires, two world wars, alteration of borders and political map, great technological developments, and the transformation of power relationships (Ó Tuathail, 1998b). This paper aims to analyze how the global space was organized in the first half of the 20th century by “classical” authors, all of them from the main powers. From the perspective of critical geopolitics, It is argued that in the first half of the twentieth century both Europe and the United States established a dominant discourse through “geopolitical models” to organize space following their interests and national identities.La geopolítica nace y se desarrolla en la era de mayor rivalidad imperialista entre 1870 y 1945, un periodo caracterizado por la competencia entre imperios europeos, dos guerras mundiales, la alteración de las fronteras y del mapa político, grandes desarrollos tecnológicos y una transformación en las relaciones de poder (Ó Tuathail, 1998b). El presente trabajo pretende analizar cómo fue organizado el espacio global en la primera mitad del siglo XX por los autores “clásicos”, todos ellos provenientes de las principales potencias. Desde la óptica de la geopolítica crítica, se argumenta que en la primera mitad del siglo XX tanto Europa como Estados Unidos establecieron un discurso dominante a través de “modelos geopolíticos” para organizar el espacio siguiendo sus propios intereses e identidades nacionales.A geopolítica nasceu e se desenvolveu entre 1870 e 1945, na era de maior rivalidade entre os impérios europeus, duas guerras mundiais, a alteração das fronteiras e o mapa político, grandes desenvolvimentos tecnológicos e uma transformação nas relações de poder (Ó Tuathail, 1998b). O presente trabalho pretende analisar como o espaço global foi organizado na primeira metade do século 20 pelos autores “clássicos”, todos eles dos principais poderes. Do ponto de vista da geopolítica crítica, argumenta-se que, na primeira metade do século XX, a Europa e os Estados Unidos estabeleceram um discurso dominante através de “modelos geopolíticos” para organizar o espaço seguindo seus próprios interesses e identidades nacionais

A Multi-Period Optimal Energy Planning With CO2 Emission Consideration

A multi-period optimal energy planning program for Ontario has been developed in mixed-integer non-linear programming using General Algebraic Modeling System, GAMS. The program applies both time-dependent and time-independent constraints. These include, but not limited to, construction time, fluctuation of fuel prices, and CO2 emission reduction target. It also offer flexibility of fuel balancing and fuel switching of the existing boilers and option purchasing of Carbon credit if the reduction target is not achievable. The objective function incorporates all these constraints as well as minimizes over all the cost of electricity and meets the projected electricity demand over the 30 years horizon. A number of Ontario study cases are performed utilizing this 30 years model. These cases include a number of CO2 emission reduction target from 6% to 75% below that of 1990 levels by 2014, doubling of natural gas over the forecasted price in 2020, an arbitrary year. A study case in appliance with the Environmental Protection Act where no new or existing coal-fired power stations are available after 2014, as well as study cases where no new nuclear power stations are available. The overall cost of the electricity for different CO2 emission reduction targets increases linearly with slope of ~ 5. The fuel switching, fuel balancing for coal stations, and retrofitting of the carbon capture and storage are the main strategy in order to keep the cost of electricity relative low and satisfy the CO2 emission constraints. Nuclear power is an essential supply technology to the fleet especially when CO2 emission is concerned. An additional 248 Mt of CO2 emission is observed over the reference case when no new nuclear supply is offered. Eliminating all coal technologies by 2014 in accordance to the Environmental Protection Act may also reduce the CO2 emission with less additional expenditure normally associated with the emission reduction processes. This however also reduces the energy port folio diversity, forcing the system to depend on a smaller group of supply technologies and decreasing the reliability of the system overall. These results help us better understand the factors affecting the fleet’s structure. It may also help plan the energy direction of Ontario and perhaps serve as an example for other provinces, territories, states, and even countries