Composition-centered architectural pattern description language

International audienceArchitectural patterns are important artefacts containing specialized design knowledge to build good-quality systems. Complex systems often exhibit several architectural patterns in their design which leads to the need of architectural pattern composition. Unfortunately, information about the composition of patterns tend to be vaporized right after the composition process which causes problems of traceability and reconstructability of patterns. This paper proposes a pattern description language that first, facilitates several types of pattern merging operation and second, allows the traceability of pattern composition. More specifically, the approach consists of a proper description of pattern that supports composition operations and a two-step pattern design process that helps to preserve pattern composition information

Towards a tool-supported approach for collaborative process modeling and enactment

International audienceIn software engineering, as in any collective endeavor, understanding and supporting collaboration is a major concern. Unfortunately, the main concepts of popular process formalisms are not always adequate to describe collaboration. We extend the Software & System Process Engineering Meta-Model (SPEM) by introducing concepts needed to represent precise and dynamic collaboration setups that practitioners create to address ever-changing challenges. Our goal is to give practitioners the ability to express evolving understanding about collaboration in a formalism suited for easy representation and tool-provided assistance. Our work is based on a collaborative process metamodel we have developed. In this paper, we first present a meta-process for process modeling and enactment, which we apply to our collaborative process metamodel. Then we describe the implementation of a suitable process model editor, and a project plan generator from process models

Préserver les décisions architecturales à travers des patrons architecturaux

Architectural decisions have emerged as a means to maintain the quality of the architecture during its evolution. One of the most important decisions made by architects are those about the design approach such as the use of patterns or styles in the architecture. The structural nature of this type of decisions give them the potential to be controlled systematically. In the literature, there are some works on the automation of architectural decision violation checking. In this thesis we show that these works do not allow to detect all possible architectural decision violations.To solve this problem we propose an approach which: i) describes architectural patterns that hold the architectural decision definition, ii) integrates architectural decisions into an architectural model and, iii) automates the architectural decision conformance checking. The approach is implemented using Eclipse Modeling Framework and its accompanying technologies. Starting from well-known architectural patterns, we show that we can formalize all those related to the structural aspect. Through two experiments, we show that architectural decisions are well explained and all of their violations are detected. Composable software systems have been proved to support the adaptation to new requirements thanks to their flexibility. A typical method of composable software development is to select and combine a number of patterns that address the expected quality requirements. A lot of work have shown the interest of pattern composition. Nevertheless, one of the shortcomings of these work is the vaporization of composition information which leads to the problem of traceability and reconstructability of patterns. This thesis also proposes to give first- class status to pattern merging operators to facilitate the preservation of composition information. The approach is tool-supported and an empirical study has also been conducted to highlight its interestsLes décisions architecturales ont émergé comme un moyen important pour maintenir la qualité de l’architecture pendant sa évolution. L’une des décisions les plus importantes faite par architecte sont celles à propos des approches de conception, à savoir des patrons ou des styles architecturales. La structure de ce genre de décision donne la possibilité d’être contrôlée automatiquement. Dans la littérature, il existe quelques travaux sur la vérification automatique de la violation des décisions architecturales. Dans cette thèse, nous montrons que ces travaux ne permettent pas de détecter toutes les violations possibles. Pour les compléter, nous proposons une approche qui i) décrit les patrons architecturaux qui contiennent la définition de la décision architecturale, ii) intègre les décisions architecturales au modèle architectural et iii) automatise la vérification de la conformité de la décision architecturale. Notre approche est implémentée en utilisant EMF et ses technologies accompagnées. Nous avons montré la possibilité de formaliser tous les patrons structuraux. A travers de deux expérimentes, nous avons montré que les décisions architecturales sont bien expliquées et toutes les violations sont détectées. Les systèmes logiciels composables sont prouvés capable de supporter l’adaptation aux nouvelles exigences grâce à leur flexibilité. Une méthode typique pour composer ces systèmes est de sélectionner et combiner des patrons qui adressent aux exigences de qualité attendues. Plusieurs propositions ont montré l’intérêt de la composition de patron. En revanche, l’un des défauts de ces propositions est la vaporisation de l’information de composition qui conduit au problème de la traçabilité et la reconstructibilité des patrons. Cette thèse a pour but de réserver le statut première classe aux opérateurs de composition pour stocker l’information de composition. L’approche est implémentée dans un outil et une étude empirique a été aussi conduite pour souligner ses intérêts

Préservation des décisions architecturales à base de composition de patrons d'architecture logicielle

Thèse préparée à l'unité mixte de recherche CNRS 6074 - Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires, Université Bretagne Sud / Université Européenne de BretagneArchitectural decisions have emerged as a means to maintain the quality of the architecture during its evolution. One of the most important decisions made by architects are those about the design approach such as the use of patterns or styles in the architecture. The structural nature of this type of decisions give them the potential to be controlled systematically. In the literature, there are some works on the automation of architectural decision violation checking. In this thesis we show that these works do not allow to detect all possible architectural decision violations. To solve this problem we propose an approach which: i) describes architectural patterns that hold the architectural decision definition, ii) integrates architectural decisions into an architectural model and, iii) automates the architectural decision conformance checking. The approach is implemented using Eclipse Modeling Framework and its accompanying technologies. Starting from well-known architectural patterns, we show that we can formalize all those related to the structural aspect. Through two experiments, we show that architectural decisions are well explained and all of their violations are detected. Composable software systems have been proved to support the adaptation to new requirements thanks to their flexibility. A typical method of composable software development is to select and combine a number of patterns that address the expected quality requirements. A lot of work have shown the interest of pattern composition. Nevertheless, one of the shortcomings of these work is the vaporization of composition information which leads to the problem of traceability and reconstructability of patterns. This thesis also proposes to give first-class status to pattern merging operators to facilitate the preservation of composition information. The approach is tool-supported and an empirical study has also been conducted to highlight its interests.Les décisions architecturales ont émergé comme un moyen important pour maintenir la qualité de l’architecture pendant sa évolution. L’une des décisions les plus importantes faite par l’architecte sont celles à propos des approches de conception, à savoir des patrons ou des styles architecturales. La structure de ce genre de décision donne la possibilité d’être contrôlée automatiquement. Dans la littérature, il existe quelques travaux sur la vérification automatique de la violation des décisions architecturales. Dans cette thèse, nous montrons que ces travaux ne permettent pas de détecter toutes les violations possibles. Pour les compléter, nous proposons une approche qui i) décrit les patrons architecturaux qui contiennent la définition de la décision architecturale, ii) intègre les décisions architecturales au modèle architectural et iii) automatise la vérification de la conformance de la décision architecturale. Notre approche est implémentée en utilisant EMF et ses technologies accompagnées. Nous avons montré la possibilité de formaliser tous les patrons structuraux. A travers de deux expérimentes, nous avons montré que les décisions architecturales sont bien expliquées et toutes les violations sont détectées. Les systèmes logiciels composables sont prouvés capable de supporter l’adaptation aux nouvelles exigences grâce à leur flexibilité. Une méthode typique pour composer ces systèmes est de sélectionner et combiner des patrons qui adressent aux exigences de qualité attendues. Plusieurs propositions ont montré l’intérêt de la composition de patron. En revanche, l’un des défauts de ces propositions est la vaporisation de l’information de composition qui conduit au problème de la traçabilité et la reconstructibilité des patrons. Cette thèse a pour but de réserver le statut première classe aux opérateurs de composition pour stocker l’information de composition. L’approche est implémentée dans un outil et une étude empirique a été aussi conduite pour souligner ses intérêts

Using Architectural Patterns to Define Architectural Decisions

International audienceDuring the architecture development process, architectural design decisions play an important role in maintaining non-functional properties of the system. Instead of supposing that architectural decisions are implicitly recognizable, existing works propose to give them first-class status. However, little focus is paid on the automation of architectural decision checking. This paper proposes to leverage pattern formalization techniques to document architectural decisions. The approach consists of a way to describe architectural patterns that hold the architectural decision definition, show how to integrate architectural decisions (patterns) into an architectural model and finally automate the architectural decision conformance checking

Catalogue of architectural patterns characterized by constraint components, Version 1.0

53 pagesThis report documents a catalogue of architectural patterns built from constraint components. Constraint component is a concept used to represent architectural constraints by components. It facilitates the reusability, the composability and the customizability of architectural constraints. This report revises a list of existing architectural patterns in the literature and represents them using constraint components

Software Architecture Constraint Reuse-by-Composition

International audienceArchitecture constraints are specifications which enable developers to formalize design rules that architectures should respect, like the topological conditions of a given architecture pattern or style. These constraints can serve as a documentation to better understand an existing architecture description , or can serve as invariants that can be checked after the application of an architecture change to see whether design rules still hold. Like any specifications , architecture constraints are frequently subject to reuse. Besides, these constraints are specified and checked during architecture design time, when component descriptions are specified (or selected from repositories), then instantiated and connected together to define architecture descriptions. These two facts (being subject to reuse and instantiation/connection) make architecture constraints good candidates for component-based design within a unified environment. In this paper, we propose a component model for specifying architecture constraints. This model has been implemented as an extension to an ADL that we have developed, which is called CLACS. The obtained process advocates the idea of specifying architecture constraints using the same paradigm (of component-based development) as for architecture description. To evaluate the component model, we conducted an experiment with a catalog of constraints formalizing the topological conditions of architecture patterns. The results of this experiment showed that constraint specification is improved by this reuse-by-composition model

Composition-centered architectural pattern description language

International audienceArchitectural patterns are important artefacts containing specialized design knowledge to build good-quality systems. Complex systems often exhibit several architectural patterns in their design which leads to the need of architectural pattern composition. Unfortunately, information about the composition of patterns tend to be vaporized right after the composition process which causes problems of traceability and reconstructability of patterns. This paper proposes a pattern description language that first, facilitates several types of pattern merging operation and second, allows the traceability of pattern composition. More specifically, the approach consists of a proper description of pattern that supports composition operations and a two-step pattern design process that helps to preserve pattern composition information

SHREC\u2718 Track: 2D Scene Sketch-Based 3D Scene Retrieval

Sketch-based 3D model retrieval has the intuitiveness advantage over other types of retrieval schemes. Currently, there is a lot of research in sketch-based 3D model retrieval, which usually targets the problem of retrieving a list of candidate 3D models using a single sketch as input. 2D scene sketch-based 3D scene retrieval is a brand new research topic in the field of 3D object retrieval. Unlike traditional sketch-based 3D model retrieval which ideally assumes that a query sketch contains only a single object, this is a new 3D model retrieval topic within the context of a 2D scene sketch which contains several objects that may overlap with each other and thus be occluded and also have relative location configurations. It is challenging due to the semantic gap existing between the iconic 2D representation of sketches and more accurate 3D representation of 3D models. But it also has vast applications such as 3D scene reconstruction, autonomous driving cars, 3D geometry video retrieval, and 3D AR/VR Entertainment. Therefore, this research topic deserves our further exploration. To promote this interesting research, we organize this SHREC track and build the first 2D scene sketch-based 3D scene retrieval benchmark by collecting 3D scenes from Google 3D Warehouse and utilizing our previously proposed 2D scene sketch dataset Scene250. The objective of this track is to evaluate the performance of different 2D scene sketch-based 3D scene retrieval algorithms using a 2D sketch query dataset and a 3D Warehouse model dataset. The benchmark contains 250 scene sketches and 1000 3D scene models, and both are equally classified into 10 classes. In this track, six groups from five countries (China, Chile, USA, UK, and Vietnam) have registered for the track, while due to many challenges involved, only 3 groups have successfully submitted 8 runs. The retrieval performance of submitted results has been evaluated using 7 commonly used retrieval performance metrics. We also conduct a thorough analysis and discussion on those methods, and suggest several future research directions to tackle this research problem. We wish this publicly available [YLL18] benchmark, comparative evaluation results and corresponding evaluation code, will further enrich and advance the research of 2D scene sketch-based 3D scene retrieval and its applications