A esperança

Texto escrito por Roger Troisfontaine

Profilaxis antibiótica en odontología infantil: puesta al día

La mayoría de las infecciones orofaciales tienen un origen odontogénico, son autolimitantes y drenan espontáneamente. Las bacterias que causan estas infecciones son generalmente saprofitas. Además los procedimientos odontológicos invasivos dan lugar a una bacteriemia transitoria. Cuando una lesión oral se contamina por una bacteria extrínseca deben administrarse la pauta antibiótica indicada, tan pronto como sea posible. En caso de pulpitis no suele estar indicado si la infección alcanza sólo al tejido pulpar o los tejidos inmediatamente adyacentes. En caso de dientes avulsionados, se aplicará antibiótico local junto con la administración de antibióticos sistémicos. El profesional debe conocer la severidad de la infección y el estado general del niño para considerar derivarlo al centro médico. En los pacientes cuyo sistema inmune está comprometido debe realizarse profilaxis siempre. Así como en los pacientes con problemas cardiacos asociados con endocarditis o catéteres vasculares o dispositivos protésicos. Los antibióticos administrados oralmente, efectivos ante infecciones odontogénicas es la Penicilina V asociada al ácido clavulánico. En caso de alergias, una alternativa, es la clindamicina. La mayoría de las infecciones agudas se resuelven en 3-7 días. En los últimos años, se tiende a reducir el uso general de antibióticos con propósitos preventivos o terapéuticos.Most orofacial infections are of odontogenic origin, and are of a self-limiting nature, characterized by spontaneous drainage. The causal bacteria are generally saprophytes. On the other hand, invasive dental interventions give rise to transient bacteremia. When an oral lesion is contaminated by extrinsic bacteria, the required antibiotic treatment should be provided as soon as possible. In the case of pulpitis, such treatment is usually not indicated if the infection only reaches the pulp tissue or the immediately adjacent tissues. In the event of dental avulsion, local antibiotic application is advised, in addition to the provision of systemic antibiotics. The dental professional must know the severity of the infection and the general condition of the child in order to decide referral to a medical center. Prophylaxis is required in all immunocompromised patients, as well as in individuals with cardiac problems associated with endocarditis, vascular catheters or prostheses. Penicillin V associated to clavulanic acid and administered via the oral route is known to be effective against odontogenic infections. In the case of allergies to penicillin, an alternative drug is clindamycin. Most acute infections are resolved within 3-7 days. In recent years, the tendency is to reduce general antibiotic use for preventive or therapeutic purposes

Antibiotic prophylaxis in pediatric odontology : an update

Most orofacial infections are of odontogenic origin, and are of a self-limiting nature, characterized by spontaneous drainage. The causal bacteria are generally saprophytes. On the other hand, invasive dental interventions give rise to transient bacteremia. When an oral lesion is contaminated by extrinsic bacteria, the required antibiotic treatment should be provided as soon as possible. In the case of pulpitis, such treatment is usually not indicated if the infection only reaches the pulp tissue or the immediately adjacent tissues. In the event of dental avulsion, local antibiotic application is advised, in addition to the provision of systemic antibiotics. The dental professional must know the severity of the infection and the general condition of the child in order to decide referral to a medical center. Prophylaxis is required in all immunocompromised patients, as well as in individuals with cardiac problems associated with endocarditis, vascular catheters or prostheses. Penicillin V associated to clavulanic acid and administered via the oral route is known to be effective against odontogenic infections. In the case of allergies to penicillin, an alternative drug is clindamycin. Most acute infections are resolved within 3-7 days. In recent years, the tendency is to reduce general antibiotic use for preventive or therapeutic purposes

Oral health status of a population with multiple sclerosis

Objective: To determine the oral treatment needs of a sample of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in the Community of Madrid (Spain). Patients and methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out with a sample of 64 patients who were aged 25 to 77 years. They were distributed into homogeneous age groups: 54 years. In order to evaluate the oral health status and treatment requirements, the parameters and guidelines of the WHO were used. Results: The prevalence of caries was 100%, or very close in all three groups. As age increased, the morbidity rate decreased, but the mortality rate increased considerably. On analyzing gingival health, 65% of patients had calculus, 5% bleeding and 30% were healthy. Conclusions: The DMFT index found provided data that was, in general, very similar to that of the general population in Spain. However, the gingival health status found demonstrated that the population of multiple sclerosis patients requires specific assistance. © Medicina Oral S. L

Les nouvelles recommandations 2016 dans l’insuffisance cardiaque & Présentation d'une étude de Télémédecine

Epidémiologie, diagnostic et Approche médicamenteuse. Dr M. Melissopoulou (CHR de liège) • Approche non médicamenteuse & comorbidités. Dr Troisfontaines (CHR de Liège) • Insuffisance cardiaque aigue & Insuffisance cardiaque terminale. Dr V. D’Orio (CHU de Liège) • Présentation de l’étude Télémédecine Dr A. Ancion (CHU de Liège

VFDB 2012 update: toward the genetic diversity and molecular evolution of bacterial virulence factors

The virulence factor database (VFDB, http://www.mgc.ac.cn/VFs/) has served as a comprehensive repository of bacterial virulence factors (VFs) for >7 years. Bacterial virulence is an exciting and dynamic field, due to the availability of complete sequences of bacterial genomes and increasing sophisticated technologies for manipulating bacteria and bacterial genomes. The intricacy of virulence mechanisms offers a challenge, and there exists a clear need to decipher the ‘language’ used by VFs more effectively. In this article, we present the recent major updates of VFDB in an attempt to summarize some of the most important virulence mechanisms by comparing different compositions and organizations of VFs from various bacterial pathogens, identifying core components and phylogenetic clades and shedding new light on the forces that shape the evolutionary history of bacterial pathogenesis. In addition, the 2012 release of VFDB provides an improved user interface

Compulsive Personality as Predictor of Response to Serotoninergic Antidepressants

Peer reviewe

Controlled Comparison of Milnacipran and Fluoxetine in Major Depression

The efficacy and the tolerance of milnacipran (100 mg/day), a second generation antidepressant which equipotently inhibits both noradrenaline and serotonin reuptake, was compared to fluoxetine (20 mg/day), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, in two parallel groups of, respectively, 97 and 93 major depressive outpatients. The duration of the study was 6 weeks, with assessments every 2 weeks by means of the Montgomery and Asberg depression scale (MADRS), the Hamilton depression scale, the clinical global impressions (CGI), and a checklist of symptoms and side-effects. Results showed significant superiority of fluoxetine over milnacipran on most rating instruments: MADRS (P = 0.01) including five individual items, Hamilton depression scale (P = 0.002) including ten individual items, CGI of severity (P = 0.01) and therapeutical index (P = 0.002). On visual analogue scales assessing the clinical profile of the compounds, fluoxetine was rated as exhibiting more psychostimulating activity than milnacipran (P = 0.0008). The tolerance of the two antidepressants was very similar, with the exception of symptoms of dizziness which were more frequently reported with milnacipran (P = 0.01). These differences in efficacy favoring fluoxetine could result from the selection of a dose of milnacipran below the optimal therapeutic dose for this type of psychiatric patients or to the administration of the compounds in single daily intakes, whereas milnacipran possesses a plasma elimination half-life of only 7 h.Peer reviewe