Becoming Others and Othering Others: Cultural Shock in Architecture Anthropological Research

This study describes split identity as result of culture shock experienced by researchers on the field of study of architectural design who conducted anthropological research, where the study itself was located on researcher’s origin that is Hasanuddin University (UNHAS). Researchers experienced shifting identities from being herself into someone different or to be estranged according to her own experience context in research process. While acting as an architect researcher sees her anthropolog self as different person or being estranged by architect society. When conducting a qualitative approach, researcher looked at herself who does not use quantitative approach to be estranged by engineering sciences community. And vice versa! This study is a series of studies conducted as a doctorate candidate in Anthropology Department UNHAS

Public vs Private Space of Parking: Zoning, Accessibility, and Etalage

Public parking spaces are facilities that support the activities of urban residents with relatively high mobility. As with all definitions of public spaces, public parking space facilities are assumed to be accessible to everyone without questioning their status. Several different things are found in public parking spaces in higher education institutions at UNHAS. This research examines the meaning of public parking spaces for UNHAS people and how they are connected to these facilities. The study was conducted at the Tamalanrea UNHAS campus. Data were collected using in-depth interviews to explore how they perceive zoning meanings, accessibility of public parking spaces, the signages placed there, and observations surrounding campus parking spaces. The interview involved 140 informants consisting of structural officials, lecturers, employees, students, and guests. The results showed that, in practice, the public parking space of UNHAS had become a private space because it cannot be accessed and used freely by everyone, except those with specific social status as written on parking signs (i.e., rector, vice-rector). It is also found that parking spaces have become an etalage for displaying and promoting the personal social status of UNHAS officials

Budaya Bertoilet: Duduk atau Jongkok?

AbstractPublic toilet is one of the important parts of the building that many aspects of design have to be  taken into account to build. Many public  toilets are built just by looking at the outer performance without considering whether or not the target user will fit with the design. This article deals with this. It examines how toilet is perceived by the users, what type of toilet is preferred and why, and how they utilize public toilet. The interaction between western and eastern culture in the toiletdesign has resulted in cultural shock and stuttering technology among the toilet users in regard to the use of toilet because the influx of western culture is not balance with the introduction of the new culture. Whether one chooses squatting or sitting toilet, it is not only related to universal issues about modernity, luxury, cleanliness, and health. Toilet is not solely function as a disposal waste container, but it is also a place for one to seclude him/herself from others, to relax and to create new ideas. Toilet is a symbol to show ones’ identity. But how one use the toilet is closely associated with one’s perception about toilet, gender, health, cleanliness, Islamic ethics, and body proportion. Key words: toilet, sitting toilet, squatting toilet, modernity

ANALISIS HASIL KARYA PEMBELAJARANGAMBAR ILUSTRASI PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XSMA NEGERI 11 MAKASSAR

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini ialah bagaimana hasil gambar ilustrasi berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip gambar ilustrasi peserta didik kelas XSMANegeri 11 Makassar. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperolehdatamengenai hasil gambar ilustrasi peserta didik kelas X SMA Negeri 11 Makassar berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip gambar ilustrasi. Penelitian yang dilakukan ialahpenelitian jenis kualitatif dengan metode analisis isi. Data yang dikumpulkandianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif dengan metode analisisisi, yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sifat-sifat materi dan membuat kesimpulan. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik randomsampling dengan jumlah sampel 9 orang peserta didik kelas X SMANegeri 11Makassar. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dandokumentasi. Objek penelitian yang menjadi informasi pada penelitian ini adalahhasil karya pembelajaran gambar ilustrasi peserta didik kelas X SMANegeri 11Makassar. Desain Penelitian ini akan menelaah karya-karya yang dihasilkanolehpeserta didik kelas X SMA Negeri 11 Makassar. Hasil penelitian mengatakanbahwa dalam pembelajaran gambar ilustrasi peserta didik kelas X SMANegeri 11Makassar sangat kurang dikarenakan peserta didik belum mengetahui secara jelasapa yang dimaksud dengan gambar ilustrasi, prinsip-prinsip apa yang pentingdalam menggambar ilustrasi, oleh karena itu ada beberapa hasil karya pesertadidik yang tidak memenuhi prinsip-prinsip gambar ilustrasi. Kata Kunci : Analisis, Hasil Karya, Menggambar Ilustrasi, Deskriptif Kualitati

Gender preference on the quality of landscape aesthetic of urban agriculture

In addition to providing food benefits, urban agriculture also has aesthetic benefits. Therefore, a visual assessment of the urban agricultural landscape can be used to measure this aesthetic value. Gender preference is also carried out to see differences in visual assessment. This research was conducted in Makassar City using primary data with 129 respondents consisting of 53 people who had never been to Makassar and 76 people who had been/lived in Makassar. The aesthetic assessment of agricultural landscapes in Makassar City used the Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE) method with a perceptual dimension. The results showed that the most beautiful urban agricultural landscapes had a high level of preference, namely in various plant gardens and verticultural hydroponic systems. Furthermore, the highest SBE score as a potential attraction was shown by male respondent who had never been to Makassar. Possible urban agricultural landscape resources should receive special attention by arranging them neatly and cleanly so that they have high artistic value to provide beauty and comfort for visitors.JEL Classification:  C00; O13; Q1

PERSEPSI PENGUNJUNG TERHADAP KENYAMANAN FASILITAS RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK FORT ROTTERDAM

Abstrak_Ruang terbuka publik sekitar Fort Rotterdam sering terlihat sepi dari pengunjung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi pengunjung dan faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi pengunjung terhadap kenyamanan fasilitas ruang terbuka publik Fort Rotterdam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Variabel fasilitas yang diamati dalam penelitian diantaranya paving, tanaman, kios, tempat sampah, lampu, penanda, dan bangku. Variabel kenyamanan yang diamati adalah kenyamanan fisik yaitu kondisi fisik dan kajian antropometri pada fasilitas, kenyamanan psikospiritual yang dapat dicapai dengan adanya sarana untuk relaksasi, kenyamanan sosiokultural yaitu kenyamanan dalam interaksi sosial, dan kenyamanan lingkungan seperti aroma/bau-bauan, sirkulasi, daya alam, kebisingan, bentuk, keindahan, kebersihan, keamanan dan penerangan kawasan. Dalam penelitian digunakan kajian literatur untuk menganalisis variabel penelitian, dan menggunakan skala likert untuk menghitung hasil persepsi dari tiga puluh tiga responden yang dipilih secara acak. Penelitian dilakukan enam jam sehari pada hari sabtu, minggu, dan senin selama tiga bulan yakni bulan September sampai November 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa fasilitas pada ruang terbuka publik ini sudah nyaman karena dominan persepsi pengunjung adalah baik. Faktor pengaruh yang telah dikelompokan berdasarkan variabel kenyamanan diantaranya kenyamanan fisik yang belum baik, kenyamanan psikospiritual belum baik, kenyamanan sosiokultural sudah baik dan kenyamanan lingkungan yang sudah baik.Kata kunci: Ruang Terbuka Publik; Fort Rotterdam; Kenyamanan; Fasilitas. Abstrak_Public open spaces around Fort Rotterdam often look deserted by visitors, This study aims to understand visitor perceptions and factors that influence visitors' perceptions of Fort Rotterdam's public comfort facilities. The research method used is a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. Facility variables invited in the study discussed paving, shade plants, kiosks, trash bins, lights, markers, and benches. The convenience variables discussed are physical comfort, namely physical studies and anthropometric studies on facilities, psychospiritual comfort that can be achieved by considering the comfort of air, plants, and good regional transportation, sociocultural comfort, namely comfort, social, and comfort such as aroma, circulation, climate, climate, security, security, regional lighting. In this study literature studies were used to analyze the research variables, then using the Likert scale to calculate the results of the evaluations of thirty-three respondents randomly selected. The study was conducted for six hours on Saturday, Sunday, and Monday for three months from September to November 2018. The results showed that Fort Rotterdam's public open space facilities were comfortable because the dominant perception of visitors was good. comfort factors that have been grouped based on comfort variables, namely physical comfort yet, psychospiritual comfort is not good, sociocultural comfort is good and environmental comfort is good.Keywords: Public Open Space; Fort Rotterdam; Comfort; Facilities

A New Model to Produce Infectious Hepatitis C Virus without the Replication Requirement

Numerous constraints significantly hamper the experimental study of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Robust replication in cell culture occurs with only a few strains, and is invariably accompanied by adaptive mutations that impair in vivo infectivity/replication. This problem complicates the production and study of authentic HCV, including the most prevalent and clinically important genotype 1 (subtypes 1a and 1b). Here we describe a novel cell culture approach to generate infectious HCV virions without the HCV replication requirement and the associated cell-adaptive mutations. The system is based on our finding that the intracellular environment generated by a West-Nile virus (WNV) subgenomic replicon rendered a mammalian cell line permissive for assembly and release of infectious HCV particles, wherein the HCV RNA with correct 5′ and 3′ termini was produced in the cytoplasm by a plasmid-driven dual bacteriophage RNA polymerase-based transcription/amplification system. The released particles preferentially contained the HCV-based RNA compared to the WNV subgenomic RNA. Several variations of this system are described with different HCV-based RNAs: (i) HCV bicistronic particles (HCVbp) containing RNA encoding the HCV structural genes upstream of a cell-adapted subgenomic replicon, (ii) HCV reporter particles (HCVrp) containing RNA encoding the bacteriophage SP6 RNA polymerase in place of HCV nonstructural genes, and (iii) HCV wild-type particles (HCVwt) containing unmodified RNA genomes of diverse genotypes (1a, strain H77; 1b, strain Con1; 2a, strain JFH-1). Infectivity was assessed based on the signals generated by the HCV RNA molecules introduced into the cytoplasm of target cells upon virus entry, i.e. HCV RNA replication and protein production for HCVbp in Huh-7.5 cells as well as for HCVwt in HepG2-CD81 cells and human liver slices, and SP6 RNA polymerase-driven firefly luciferase for HCVrp in target cells displaying candidate HCV surface receptors. HCV infectivity was inhibited by pre-incubation of the particles with anti-HCV antibodies and by a treatment of the target cells with leukocyte interferon plus ribavirin. The production of authentic infectious HCV particles of virtually any genotype without the adaptive mutations associated with in vitro HCV replication represents a new paradigm to decipher the requirements for HCV assembly, release, and entry, amenable to analyses of wild type and genetically modified viruses of the most clinically significant HCV genotypes

Agriculture Teachers’ Perceptions on the Inclusion of Indigenous Technical Knowledge in Secondary School Agriculture Curriculum, Nakuru County, Kenya

Purpose: This paper explores agriculture teachers’ perceptions of the inclusion of indigenous technical knowledge in secondary school curriculum. Design/methodology/approach: This study used a cross-sectional research design to determine the perceptions of agriculture teachers on the inclusion of indigenous technical knowledge in secondary school agriculture curriculum. Findings: The findings of the study indicate that more than 50% of the agriculture teachers were aware of the different indigenous practices that are carried out in both crop and livestock production, also more than 50% of the teachers agreed that ITK is; cheap, reliable, enriches students with a wide range of knowledge, is friendly and easy to use. 82% of the teachers agreed that ITK should be included in secondary school agriculture curriculum because of its values, 18% were of the opinion that agriculture curriculum is already bulky and the knowledge is outdated hence it should not be included in the curriculum. Practical implications: This study highlights the essence of including indigenous technical knowledge in secondary school curriculum, little of the said knowledge has been taken into consideration by the curriculum developers yet the knowledge can equip the learners with diversified agricultural knowledge which is crucial in crop and livestock production, the knowledge is cheap and readily available. Theoretical implications: The results of the study reveal that most of the teachers were positive about taking ITK into consideration while teaching agriculture. Based on the values of ITK the researcher suggests to curriculum developers to research on ideas and practices related to ITK that could be beneficial to learners and develop learning materials to suit their needs. Originality/value: There are limited studies that highlight the value of indigenous knowledge and its inclusion in secondary school agriculture curriculum

Architecture Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Online learning, also known as e-learning, is the result of the evolution of distance learning that has developed following technological developments, especially information technology. Before the pandemic, online learning was only one alternative that enriched the learning process. Various courses are implemented by combining offline and online learning processes called blended learning. Through the Learning Management System (LMS), the Department of Architecture Unhas combines offline and online learning in studio-based design courses. Lecturers and students are trained to carry out the stages of the learning process guided by online procedures. The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has made online learning the only way to keep the learning process going as planned. The sudden shift of studio-based courses from offline to totally online resulted in a change in the learning environment and experience. This study found that the online learning process is largely determined by the availability of learning materials and instruction in the LMS, the distance between learning space and time, the learning experience and the meaning of independent learning perceived by students. The study involved student participants at all semester levels, academic administration staff, lecturers, and student parents