Academic formation and permanent education: influences on leadership styles of nurses Formação acadêmica e educação permanente: influências nos estilos de liderança de enfermeiros

Objetivo: conhecer as influências da formação acadêmica e da Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) nos estilos de liderança adotados pelos enfermeiros no âmbito hospitalar. Método: pesquisa qualitativa do tipo descritiva, apoiada no referencial de Hersey e Blanchard. Participaram do estudo seis enfermeiros da rede hospitalar de Chapecó (SC), que tipificavam diferentes estilos de liderança. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisados conforme Análise Temática. Resultados: os participantes sentiram-se pouco influenciados para liderar diante da formação obtida na graduação e ressaltaram dificuldades de integração ensino-serviço, que interferiram no exercício da liderança. Quanto à EPS, sinalizaram a falta de investimentos na qualificação. Conclusão: destaca-se a importância de o ensino na graduação fortalecer as práticas de aprendizagem da liderança e entende-se que a liderança é aperfeiçoada ao longo da vida profissional.  Objective: to know the influences of academic training and Continuing Health Education (EPS) on the leadership styles adopted by nurses in the hospital environment. Method: it is qualitative descriptive-type research supported in the references of Hersey and Blanchard. Six nurses from the hospital network of Chapecó, Santa Catarina, participated in this study and typified different leadership styles. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed according to Thematic Analysis. Results: the participants felt only slightly influenced to lead during the training obtained in their graduation course and highlighted difficulties in integrating education service, which interfered in exercising leadership. As for the Continuing Health Education (EPS), it indicated a lack of investment in qualification. Conclusion: standing it was highlighted the importance of education in graduation studies to strengthen leadership learning practices and it is understood that leadership is perfected and improved throughout working life. Key words: Nursing, Leadership, Continuing Education

Academic formation and permanent education: influences on leadership styles of nurses Formação acadêmica e educação permanente: influências nos estilos de liderança de enfermeiros

Objetivo: conhecer as influências da formação acadêmica e da Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) nos estilos de liderança adotados pelos enfermeiros no âmbito hospitalar. Método: pesquisa qualitativa do tipo descritiva, apoiada no referencial de Hersey e Blanchard. Participaram do estudo seis enfermeiros da rede hospitalar de Chapecó (SC), que tipificavam diferentes estilos de liderança. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisados conforme Análise Temática. Resultados: os participantes sentiram-se pouco influenciados para liderar diante da formação obtida na graduação e ressaltaram dificuldades de integração ensino-serviço, que interferiram no exercício da liderança. Quanto à EPS, sinalizaram a falta de investimentos na qualificação. Conclusão: destaca-se a importância de o ensino na graduação fortalecer as práticas de aprendizagem da liderança e entende-se que a liderança é aperfeiçoada ao longo da vida profissional.    Objective: to know the influences of academic training and Continuing Health Education (EPS) on the leadership styles adopted by nurses in the hospital environment. Method: it is qualitative descriptive-type research supported in the references of Hersey and Blanchard. Six nurses from the hospital network of Chapecó, Santa Catarina, participated in this study and typified different leadership styles. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed according to Thematic Analysis. Results: the participants felt only slightly influenced to lead during the training obtained in their graduation course and highlighted difficulties in integrating education service, which interfered in exercising leadership. As for the Continuing Health Education (EPS), it indicated a lack of investment in qualification. Conclusion: standing it was highlighted the importance of education in graduation studies to strengthen leadership learning practices and it is understood that leadership is perfected and improved throughout working life. Key words: Nursing, Leadership, Continuing Education

Enfrentamento da violência no trabalho da enfermagem no contexto hospitalar e na Atenção Primária à saúde

Introduction: Violence at work is defined as an action, incident, or behavior with a voluntary attitude of the aggressor, as a result of which a professional is assaulted, threatened, or suffers some damage during the performance of their work. The nursing team is exposed daily to situations of violence at work.Objective: To understand and analyze the mechanisms of coping with violence used by nursing professionals in the hospital context and Primary Health Care.Materials and Method: A mixed sequential explanatory study, with 198 nursing workers from a hospital and 169 from Primary Health Care, in a municipality in southern Brazil. The data were collected using a survey in the quantitative stage and interviews in the qualitative one analyzed through the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and by the thematic analysis.Results: It was identified that 51% of the participants were victims of violence, and the coping mechanisms used by the workers are individual and collective, with a predominance of the first, showing that the problem is often directed at the victim. Collective work was a contributing factor in tackling violence, with emphasis on dialogue and support among the team. However, there was no institutional support in the search for conduct in the face of episodes of violence and consequences for perpetrators.Conclusion: The prevalence of violence was high in both scenarios, with different characteristics regarding the profile of victims and perpetrators. The importance of collective coping is reinforced, as the most effective way to combat violence in the workplace.Introducción: La violencia en el trabajo se define como una acción, incidente o comportamiento con una actitud voluntaria del agresor, como resultado de lo cual un profesional es agredido, amenazado o sufre algún daño durante el desempeño de su trabajo. El equipo de enfermería está expuesto diariamente a situaciones de violencia en el trabajo.Objetivo: Comprender y analizar los mecanismos de afrontamiento de la violencia utilizados por los profesionales de enfermería en el contexto hospitalario y en la Atención Primaria de Salud.Materiales y método: Estudio explicativo secuencial mixto, con 198 trabajadores de enfermería de un hospital y 169 de atención primaria de salud, en un municipio del sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante una encuesta en la etapa cuantitativa y entrevistas en la cualitativa, analizados a través del paquete estadístico de software para las Ciencias Sociales y por el análisis temático.Resultados: Se identificó que el 51% de los participantes fueron víctimas de violencia, y los mecanismos de afrontamiento utilizados por los trabajadores son individuales y colectivos, con predominio del primero, lo que demuestra que el problema a menudo se dirige a la víctima. El trabajo colectivo fue un factor contribuyente en la lucha contra la violencia, con énfasis en el diálogo y el apoyo entre el equipo. Sin embargo, no hubo apoyo institucional en la búsqueda de conducta frente a episodios de violencia y consecuencias para los perpetradores.Conclusión: La prevalencia de violencia fue alta en ambos escenarios, con diferentes características en cuanto al perfil de víctimas y perpetradores. Se refuerza la importancia del enfrentamiento colectivo, como la forma más efectiva de combatir la violencia en el lugar de trabajo.Introdução: A violência no trabalho é definida como ação, incidente ou comportamento com atitude voluntária do agressor, em decorrência da qual um profissional é agredido, ameaçado, ou sofre algum dano durante a realização do seu trabalho. A equipe de enfermagem, está exposta cotidianamente a situações de violência no trabalho.Objetivo: Analisar os mecanismos de enfrentamento da violência utilizados pelos profissionais de enfermagem no contexto hospitalar e na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Materiais e Método: Estudo misto explanatório sequencial, com 198 trabalhadores de enfermagem de um hospital e 169 da Atenção Primária à Saúde, em um município do Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados utilizando-se uma survey na etapa quantitativa e entrevistas na qualitativa, analisados com auxílio do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences e pela análise temática. Resultados: Identificou-se que 51% dos participantes foram vítimas de violência, sendo os mecanismos de enfrentamento utilizados pelos trabalhadores são de cunho individual e coletivo, com predomínio do primeiro, evidenciando-se que o problema frequentemente, é direcionado à vítima. O trabalho coletivo foi um fator contribuinte para o enfrentamento da violência, com destaque ao diálogo e apoio entre a equipe. No entanto, não se observou suportes institucionais na busca por condutas frente aos episódios de violência e consequência aos perpretadores.Conclusão: A prevalência da violência mostrou-se elevada nos dois cenários, com características diferentes quanto ao perfil das vítimas e perpretadores. Reforça-se a importância do enfrentamento coletivo, como a forma mais eficaz para o combate da violência no local de trabalho

Óxido de zinco e biosílica de diatomáceas: potencias fotoeletrodos? / Zinc oxide and diatomaceous biosylics: potentials of photoelectrodes?

O presente trabalho busca a inovação na tecnologia de células solares através da produção de fotoeletrodos utilizando um compósito do semicondutor ZnO combinado com biosílica extraída de diatomáceas da espécie Thalassiosira pseudonana (BMAK 172). O potencial deste eletrodo foi comparado com o de ZnO puro e de biosílica pura por meio de caracterizações fotoeletroquímicas. Os resultados demonstraram que todos os fotoeletrodos apresentam potencial para aplicação em células fotovoltaicas com destaque para a biosílica pura

Ciência aberta: tendências na publicação científica

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Spatially resolved single-cell atlas of the lung in fatal Covid19 in an African population reveals a distinct cellular signature and an interferon gamma dominated response

Postmortem single-cell studies have transformed understanding of lower respiratory tract diseases (LRTD) including Covid19 but there is almost no data from African settings where HIV, malaria and other environmental exposures may affect disease pathobiology and treatment targets. We used histology and high-dimensional imaging to characterise fatal lung disease in Malawian adults with (n=9) and without (n=7) Covid19, and generated single-cell transcriptomics data from lung, blood and nasal cells. Data integration with other cohorts showed a conserved Covid19 histopathological signature, driven by contrasting immune and inflammatory mechanisms: in the Malawi cohort, by response to interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in lung-resident alveolar macrophages, in USA, European and Asian cohorts by type I/III interferon responses, particularly in blood-derived monocytes. HIV status had minimal impact on histology or immunopathology. Our study provides data resources and highlights the importance of studying the cellular mechanisms of disease in underrepresented populations, indicating shared and distinct targets for treatment

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Professional Satisfaction And Quality Of Care In Oncology: The Vision Of Health Professionals

Objective: identifying strategies used by health professionals working in Oncology to achieving job satisfaction, beyond the resources/actions that could mitigate the sources of dissatisfaction and improve the quality of care. Method: a qualitative and descriptive research conducted with 31 professionals of the health team who works in Inpatient Unit Oncology of a General Hospital located in the State of Santa Catarina. The data were collected through semi-structured interview and analyzed according to Content Analysis. Results: the main strategy of the professionals is conducting a work that assists the patient to coping with the difficulties imposed by the disease. Among the resources emerged the increase in staff, multidisciplinary approach, minimizing turnover and continuing education of workers. Conclusion: it highlights the importance of raising efforts towards incorporation of such resources/actions as a way to reducing the wear of the worker.722383239