Gelatin Properties of Goat Skin Produced by Calcium Hydroxide as Curing Material

Application of strong bases as curing materials has been widely applied in commercial gelatin industries, but the application of weak bases has not been much done. Application of strong bases as a treatment was not economical and assumed to affect human health. Studies were conducted on the properties of goat skin gelatin manufactured using weak base types of Ca(OH)2 and then compared with properties of commercial gelatin. Skins from Bligon goats of 1.5 to 2.5 years old was used as the raw materials and Ca(OH)2 100 g/l as curing materials. The 2x3 factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was used as a design study. Two curing times (2 and 4 days) and three concentrations (3, 6, 9% v/v) were used as treatments, and commercial gelatin (pure (P) by Merck, food grade (Fg) and pharmacy standards (Ps)) were used as control. Gelatin produced from goat skins using Ca(OH)2 had properties similar to that of commercial gelatin. The heavy metals (Pb, Cu and Zn) contained in goat skin gelatin still meet the INS standards. The optimum production of gelatin has been generated through the application of 4-day curing time at a concentration of 9% (v/v)

Gelatin Properties of Goat Skin Produced by Calcium Hydroxide as Curing Material

Application of strong bases as curing materials has been widely applied in commercial gelatin industries, but the application of weak bases has not been much done. Application of strong bases as a treatment was not economical and assumed to affect human health. Studies were conducted on the properties of goat skin gelatin manufactured using weak base types of Ca(OH)2 and then compared with properties of commercial gelatin. Skins from Bligon goats of 1.5 to 2.5 years old was used as the raw materials and Ca(OH)2 100 g/l as curing materials. The 2x3 factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was used as a design study. Two curing times (2 and 4 days) and three concentrations (3, 6, 9% v/v) were used as treatments, and commercial gelatin (pure (P) by Merck, food grade (Fg) and pharmacy standards (Ps)) were used as control. Gelatin produced from goat skins using Ca(OH)2 had properties similar to that of commercial gelatin. The heavy metals (Pb, Cu and Zn) contained in goat skin gelatin still meet the INS standards. The optimum production of gelatin has been generated through the application of 4-day curing time at a concentration of 9% (v/v)

The Effect of Curing Process in Acetic Acid on the Gelatin Properties of Blingon Goat Skin

Bligon goat is a cross between Kacang with Ettawah goat. The skin of Bligon goat contains collagen protein compounds that have the potential to be processed into gelatin. Curing process is necessary to improve the properties of gelatin both quantitative and qualitative. The purpose of this study was to identification of the best process time and level of acetat acid as curing materials of Blingon goat skin. The skin of male Bligon goat age ±1.5-2.5 years of old and acetic acid (CH3COOH 0.5 M) were used as material. The experiment was run according to completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial pattern of 2x3 and three replications for each treatment. Two processing time (48 and 96 hours) as first factor and three concentrations levels of acetic acid (3, 6 and 9%, v/v) as the second factor. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance. Yields, gel strength and viscosity were used as parameters. The results of this study showed that the processing time up to 96 hours and level of concentration up to 9% significantly affected (P<0.01 ) gel strength, but no significantly on the yields and viscosity. The combination of processing time of 96 hours with concentration level of 3% gave the best results compared to others

The Chrome-tanned Goat Leather for High Quality of Batik

In which the first stage aimed to evaluate sodium silica as batik wax releasing agent on chrome leather.Completely randomized design (CRD) was applied in this study. The concentration of sodium silica wastreated as treatments, in which Tl = 0, T2 = 2 g/L, T3: 4 g/L and T4 = 6 g/L. The second stage of thestudy was aimed to evaluate the type of dye used in batik method dyeing on chrome-tanned goat leather.CRD was used and the treatments were types of dye, i.e. T'1 = acid, T'2= indigosol, T'3 = napthol, T'4 =remazol. In both studies, 9 replicates were applied for each treatment. The use of sodium silicateconcentration of 2 g/L resulted in the percentage of release wax of 91.4% and did not degrade the qualityof chrome leather. The type of acid dyes and naphthol provided the best adhesion and color brightnessand resistance to washing treatment, water, sweat, bend, and rub at 4/5 to 5 on a scale of gray. Inconclusion, chrome tanned goat leather with batik dyeing method was recommended to become one ofthe raw materials of leather goods

Physical and Organoleptic Quality of Meat-Ball Beff Filled by Five Kinds of Filler

ABSTRACT: The objectives of this research were to compare the physical and organoleptic quality of meat-ball beef filled by tapioca, sago, guru}, maizena, and ganyong meal and to evaluate scientifically that tapioca meal could be subtituted by the sago, inaizena, garut and gunwng. The materials were 7.50 kg of second grade beef, 5 kg filler (tapioca, sago, maizena, guru!, gan.yong), eggs, salt, onion , pepper, sodium bicarboilat. Each 500 loughs (80% of beef, 20% of idler) .i.vas added by 10 g salt, 5 g pepper, 15 g onion and 25 ppm sodium biearbonat, The factors were the kinds of filler, i.e. PO (tapioca), 1\u271 (sago), P2 (,true}), P3 (maizena) and P4 (ganyong). The physical qualities were tested on pH, cooking loss, water-holding capacity and tenderness, and the organoleptic quallity were strangetcnth, texture, taste, and colour (flavor), The organoleptic quality were tested by using scoring methods of 7 panels. The data were analyzed by using an analysis of variance of one-way classification. For differences between the mean treatments were tested by Duncan\u27s New Multiple Range Test (Astuti, 1980). The results indicated that physical and organoleptic quality of the meat-ball beef filled by tapioca, sago, maizena,, gandi and pinyong were not significantly different. The Conclusions were that tapioca meal could be subtituted by the sago, inaizena, gaud and gun yong. There were shown that the yields had similar qualities. Key Words Meat-Ball, Physical and Organolcoic Quality, Kinds of Fille

Akumulasi dan Reduksi Limbah Penyamakan Kulit dengan Biomassa Mucor Sp. dan Fusarium Sp.

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PENGENALAN TANAMAN OBAT KEPADA ANAK-ANAK DENGAN MEDIA BUKU POP-UP

Indonesia is rich in various medicinal plants. There are approximately 20,000 species of herbal plants, 1000 species have been documented, and 300 species have been used in traditional medicine. The use of medicinal plants began to decline, especially among urban people. The use of traditional medicine has decreased especially among urban people. The traditional medicine is being replaced by synthetic medicine that is popular in the market because it is known for its effectiveness to heal diseases and clinically clarified. Otherwise, generic synthetic drugs are less expensive compared with traditional medicine. The team decided to do a service program in SD Negeri Turi 1 Yogyakarta class 1, involving a total of 24 students. To discover knowledge improvement about medicinal plants, we conducted a pre- and post-test. It can be concluded that the service program improved the medicinal plant knowledge of the first grade students of SD Negeri Turi 1. The improvements can be seen in the increase of the pre-test and post-test scores for each herbal plant