Novedades y notas taxonómicas en especies de Senecio de la Patagonia, Argentina

405-415A new species and three new varieties of the genus Senecio L. sect. Senecio, are described. The new species, S. pichineuquensis Tortosa and Adr. Bartoli, included in the series Xerosenecio (Cabrera) Cabrera and S. E. Freire, has a geographic distribution in the south of Mendoza and north of Neuquén Provinces. It is characterized by ligneous rigid stems with long internodes, linear, rigid leaves, few-flowered discoid yellow heads grouped in dense corymbs, and narrowly cylindrical involucre. A key is provided for its differentiation from the allied species. A variety of this species with cream-color heads, S. pichineuquensis var. albus Tortosa and Adr. Bartoli, is described. The other two new varieties, S. bracteolatus Hook. et Arn. var. luteous Tortosa and Adr. Bartoli and S. varvarcensis Cabrera var. pinnatus Tortosa and Adr. Bartoli, belong also to the series Xerosenecio, and are apparently endemic to the north of Neuquén Province. The variety luteous of S. bracteolatus differs from the typical variety by its gold yellow florets, higher narrowly cylindrical involucre, and lower number of phyllaries and flowers, whereas the variety pinnatus of S. varvarcensis may be distinguished from the typical variety by its pinnate leaves (vs. entire leaves in var. varvarcensis). Two other species of Senecio that inhabit in Patagonia are included in the synonymy of different species: S. subdiscoideus Sch. Bip. ex Wedd. of the series Metazanthi (Meyen) Cabrera et S. E. Freire, as synonym of S. kingii Hook. f., and S. bipontinii Wedd. of the series Chilenses DC. ex M. G. López, A. F. Wulff and Xifreda subseries Caespitosi (O. Hoffm.) Cabrera et S. E. Freire as synonym of S. crithmoides Hook. et Arn. S. crithmoides, S. iberidifolius Phil., and S. purpuratus Phil. are lectotipified

Tipificación en Grindelia (Astereae, Asteraceae)

107-109Nomenclatural problems still pending due to lack of information during the revision of the genus Grindelia for South America in 1999 are resolved. Lectotypification for five names is provided

Tipificación en Grindelia (Astereae, Asteraceae)

107-109Nomenclatural problems still pending due to lack of information during the revision of the genus Grindelia for South America in 1999 are resolved. Lectotypification for five names is provided

Livestock trade network: potential for disease transmission and implications for risk-based surveillance on the island of Mayotte

The island of Mayotte is a department of France, an outermost region of the European Union located in the Indian Ocean between Madagascar and the coast of Eastern Africa. Due to its close connection to the African mainland and neighbouring islands, the island is under constant threat of introduction of infectious diseases of both human and animal origin. Here, using social network analysis and mathematical modelling, we assessed potential implications of livestock movements between communes in Mayotte for risk-based surveillance. Our analyses showed that communes in the central region of Mayotte acted as a hub in the livestock movement network. The majority of livestock movements occurred between communes in the central region and from communes in the central region to those in the outer region. Also, communes in the central region were more likely to be infected earlier than those in the outer region when the spread of an exotic infectious disease was simulated on the livestock movement network. The findings of this study, therefore, suggest that communes in the central region would play a major role in the spread of infectious diseases via livestock movements, which needs to be considered in the design of risk-based surveillance systems in Mayotte

Hormonal and emotional responses to competition using a dyadic approach: Basal testosterone predicts emotional state after a defeat

The present study analyzes the testosterone (T), cortisol (C) and emotional response in competitive interactions between dyads, as well as the relationship between basal T and the emotional response. Seventy-two men and women (36 dyads) participated in same-sex dyads in a face-to-face laboratory competition, and thirty-two men and women (16 dyads) carried out the same task in a non-competitive condition. Salivary samples (5 ml of saliva, plastic vials) were provided at three time points (baseline, task, and post-task), and subsequently T (pg/ml) and C (nmol/L) concentrations were measured using ELISA method. Participants completed self-reported measures of emotional valence, emotional arousal and perceived dominance by means of the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), at three time points (pre-task, task, and post-task). Two-level crossed Multilevel Models (MLM) showed a participants' stability in C (Mean ± SEM: baseline: 3.84 ± 0.28, task: 2.92 ± 0.28 and post-task: 2.62 ± 0.3), emotional valence (pre-task: 4 ± 0.06, task: 3.66 ± 0.1 and post-task: 3.84 ± 0.09), arousal (pre-task: 3.29 ± 0.09, task: 3.83 ± 0.09 and post-task: 3.38 ± 0.1) and dominance (pre-task: 3.28 ± 0.08, task: 3.4 ± 0.1 and post-task: 3.44 ± 0.09) values, which in the case of emotional valence and dominance was modulated by time-point, outcome and sex. Furthermore, analyses revealed that opponents' C, arousal and dominance values at one time-point influenced participants' values at the following time-point modulated by outcome, sex and time-point. Moreover, MLM indicated that in loser men, individuals higher in basal T (126.31 ± 6.4) displayed higher negative emotional valence after the defeat (post-task: 3.6 ± 0.21), while in women basal T (99.78 ± 12.6) was not significantly related to post competition emotional valence. These findings reinforce the importance of studying the relationship between hormonal and psychological changes in dyadic competition, and confirm that men and women differ in their psychophysiological responses to competition

Broadband X-ray spectral analysis of the Seyfert 1 galaxy GRS 1734-292

We discuss the broadband X-ray spectrum of GRS 1734-292 obtained from non-simultaneous XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations, performed in 2009 and 2014, respectively. GRS1734-292 is a Seyfert 1 galaxy, located near the Galactic plane at $z=0.0214$. The NuSTAR spectrum ($3-80$ keV) is dominated by a primary power-law continuum with $\Gamma=1.65 \pm 0.05$ and a high-energy cutoff $E_c=53^{+11}_{-8}$ keV, one of the lowest measured by NuSTAR in a Seyfert galaxy. Comptonization models show a temperature of the coronal plasma of $kT_e=11.9^{+1.2}_{-0.9}$ keV and an optical depth, assuming a slab geometry, $\tau=2.98^{+0.16}_{-0.19}$ or a similar temperature and $\tau=6.7^{+0.3}_{-0.4}$ assuming a spherical geometry. The 2009 XMM-Newton spectrum is well described by a flatter intrinsic continuum ($\Gamma=1.47^{+0.07}_{-0.03}$) and one absorption line due to Fe\textsc{XXV} K$\alpha$ produced by a warm absorber. Both data sets show a modest iron K$\alpha$ emission line at $6.4$ keV and the associated Compton reflection, due to reprocessing from neutral circumnuclear material

Are white storks addicted to junk food? Impacts of landfill use on the movement and behaviour of resident white storks (Ciconia ciconia) from a partially migratory population

Background: The migratory patterns of animals are changing in response to global environmental change with many species forming resident populations in areas where they were once migratory. The white stork (Ciconia ciconia) was wholly migratory in Europe but recently guaranteed, year-round food from landfill sites has facilitated the establishment of resident populations in Iberia. In this study 17 resident white storks were fitted with GPS/GSM data loggers (including accelerometer) and tracked for 9.1 ± 3.7 months to quantify the extent and consistency of landfill attendance by individuals during the non-breeding and breeding seasons and to assess the influence of landfill use on daily distances travelled, percentage of GPS fixes spent foraging and non-landfill foraging ranges. Results: Resident white storks used landfill more during non-breeding (20.1 % ± 2.3 of foraging GPS fixes) than during breeding (14.9 % ± 2.2). Landfill attendance declined with increasing distance between nest and landfill in both seasons. During non-breeding a large percentage of GPS fixes occurred on the nest throughout the day (27 % ± 3.0 of fixes) in the majority of tagged storks. This study provides first confirmation of year-round nest use by resident white storks. The percentage of GPS fixes on the nest was not influenced by the distance between nest and the landfill site. Storks travelled up to 48.2 km to visit landfills during non-breeding and a maximum of 28.1 km during breeding, notably further than previous estimates. Storks nesting close to landfill sites used landfill more and had smaller foraging ranges in non-landfill habitat indicating higher reliance on landfill. The majority of non-landfill foraging occurred around the nest and long distance trips were made specifically to visit landfill. Conclusions: The continuous availability of food resources on landfill has facilitated year-round nest use in white storks and is influencing their home ranges and movement behaviour. White storks rely on landfill sites for foraging especially during the non-breeding season when other food resources are scarcer and this artificial food supplementation probably facilitated the establishment of resident populations. The closure of landfills, as required by EU Landfill Directives, will likely cause dramatic impacts on white stork populations

The NuSTAR X-ray spectrum of the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus in NGC 7213

We present an analysis of the 3–79 keV NuSTAR spectrum of the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus NGC 7213. In agreement with past observations, we find a lower limit to the high-energy cut-off of E_c > 140 keV, no evidence for a Compton-reflected continuum and the presence of an iron K α complex, possibly produced in the broad-line region. From the application of the MYTORUS model, we find that the line-emitting material is consistent with the absence of a significant Compton reflection if arising from a Compton-thin torus of gas with a column density of 5.0^(+2.0)_(−1.6) × 10^(23) cm^(−2). We report variability of the equivalent width of the iron lines on the time-scale of years using archival observations from XMM–Newton, Chandra and Suzaku. This analysis suggests a possible contribution from dusty gas. A fit with a Comptonization model indicates the presence of a hot corona with a temperature kT_e > 40 keV and an optical depth τ ≲ 1, assuming a spherical geometry

Drivers for Rift Valley fever emergence in Mayotte: A Bayesian modelling approach

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a major zoonotic and arboviral hemorrhagic fever. The conditions leading to RVF epidemics are still unclear, and the relative role of climatic and anthropogenic factors may vary between ecosystems. Here, we estimate the most likely scenario that led to RVF emergence on the island of Mayotte, following the 2006–2007 African epidemic. We developed the first mathematical model for RVF that accounts for climate, animal imports and livestock susceptibility, which is fitted to a 12-years dataset. RVF emergence was found to be triggered by the import of infectious animals, whilst transmissibility was approximated as a linear or exponential function of vegetation density. Model forecasts indicated a very low probability of virus endemicity in 2017, and therefore of re-emergence in a closed system (i.e. without import of infected animals). However, the very high proportion of naive animals reached in 2016 implies that the island remains vulnerable to the import of infectious animals. We recommend reinforcing surveillance in livestock, should RVF be reported is neighbouring territories. Our model should be tested elsewhere, with ecosystem-specific data