41 research outputs found
the limits of diffusion in EU relations with China and India
1\. Introduction 5 2\. Diffusion and Domestic Politics 7 3\. European and
Global Ideas Concerning Climate Change Mitigation 9 4\. Limited Socialization
and Lesson-Drawing: The Development of Chinese Climate Change Policy 12 5\.
Resistance to Diffusion: The Development of Indian Climate Change Policy 18
6\. Conclusions 23 Literature 25The EU has for a long time claimed the title of âleaderâ in the international
politics of climate change. However, existing research has generally failed to
specify whether the EUâs purported leadership has induced the âfollowershipâ
of other states. This working paper seeks to shed light on this somewhat
neglected topic by examining the attempted diffusion of climate change norms,
policies, and institutions by the EU to China and India. The paper makes two
principal arguments. First, the development of Chinese and Indian climate
change policy should be understood as primarily domestic developments.
Nonetheless, there was limited evidence of diffusion from the EU, but there
was significant variation between the Chinese and Indian responses to the EUâs
diffusion attempts. The Chinese response was one increasing accommodation; the
Indian response was a more straightforward case of resistance. Second,
domestic factors help to explain the variation in the Chinese and Indian
responses to EU attempts at diffusion and, related, the observed pattern of
diffusion from the EU to China and India. Particularly important is the degree
to which new external ideas and concepts resonate with pre-existing domestic
ideas and concepts. The paper thus paints a picture of limited EU leadership,
but also suggests that the EU attempts to secure âfollowershipâ could be
enhanced by paying greater attention to the domestic politics and preferences
of third countries
The Case of Climate Change
In recent years, a growing literature has focused on how the EU is perceived
beyond its borders. One of the aims of these studies is to shed light on the
ability of the EU to exercise external influence. This working paper argues,
however, that outsidersâ perceptions of the EU are not necessarily a reliable
guide to the EUâs external influence. It illustrates the argument by examining
the case of climate change in which, despite broadly positive external
perceptions, the EU has often failed in attempts to influence the positions of
other states. Focusing on Chinese and Indian perceptions of the EU, the
current paper argues that this apparent tension results from the fact that the
EU on the one hand, and China and India on the other, have framed global
climate governance in starkly contrasting ways. In particular, they have
differed with respect to whether âclimate leadershipâ by the EU should
generate âfollowershipâ on the part of China and India. This paper uses the
example of negotiations on a âsecond commitment periodâ under the Kyoto
Protocol to demonstrate this point. It concludes by urging that greater
attention be paid to the relationship between external perceptions and
external influence
Assessing EU leadership on climate change: the limits of diffusion in EU relations with China and India
The EU has for a long time claimed the title of âleaderâ in the international politics of climate change. However, existing research has generally failed to specify whether the EUâs purported leadership has induced the âfollowershipâ of other states. This working paper seeks to shed light on this somewhat neglected topic by examining the attempted diffusion of climate change norms, policies, and institutions by the EU to China and India. The paper makes two principal arguments. First, the development of Chinese and Indian climate change policy should be understood as primarily domestic developments. Nonetheless, there was limited evidence of diffusion from the EU, but there was significant variation between the Chinese and Indian responses to the EUâs diffusion attempts. The Chinese response was one increasing accommodation; the Indian response was a more straightforward case of resistance. Second, domestic factors help to explain the variation in the Chinese and Indian responses to EU attempts at diffusion and, related, the observed pattern of diffusion from the EU to China and India. Particularly important is the degree to which new external ideas and concepts resonate with pre-existing domestic ideas and concepts. The paper thus paints a picture of limited EU leadership, but also suggests that the EU attempts to secure âfollowershipâ could be enhanced by paying greater attention to the domestic politics and preferences of third countrie
Shifting policy priorities in EU-China energy relations: Implications for Chinese energy investments in Europe
Shifting energy policy priorities both in China and the EU (European Union) have transformed their bilateral relationship. In order to assess the impact of domestic policy priorities on bilateral energy cooperation and climate policy, this comparative study traces the evolution of EU and Chinese approaches to energy policy â and their relative emphasis on factors and frames such as availability, efficiency, affordability and environmental stewardship. Drawing on government documents and a data set of interviews with Chinese policy-makers, experts and academics in 2015â2016, the article argues that while the EU started with a strong emphasis on environmental stewardship and moved towards a focus on affordability and availability, China started with a strong emphasis on availability and has moved towards a greater emphasis on environmental stewardship. This shift in frames on the Chinese side and subsequent changes in subsidy structures and targets can partially explain the increase in investments in renewable energy technologies. The article concludes that the Chinese and EU perspectives have become more aligned over the past ten years, coinciding with an increasing trend towards renewable energy in Chinese energy investments in the EU, for example in Italy and the UK
Deliberative miniâpublics and the European Green Deal in turbulent times: the Irish and French climate assemblies
Innovative forms of deliberative democracy are gaining traction in governing responses to climate change in Europe and
beyond. Proponents of deliberative democracy have drawn attention to its particular suitability for shaping responses to
environmental challenges. Citizen engagement and participation is also a prominent feature of the European Green Deal.
This article considers the relationship between turbulence and deliberative democracy in the context of climate transiâ
tions, exploring when and how such democratic innovations are likely to generate turbulence in the governance of climate
transitions. A framework is developed that focuses on three important sets of characteristics of deliberative miniâpublics
(DMPs): (a) the nature of their formal mandates and the ways in which climate change is framed as a policy problem; (b) the
nature of participation and the degree to which the participants are empowered to shape the deliberative processes in
which they participate; and (c) the degree to which DMPs are coupled with relevant policymaking processes. This frameâ
work is used to explore two recent and highâprofile cases of a particular type of DMP: citizensâ assemblies in Ireland and
France. The article contributes to the literatures on turbulent governance and deliberative democracy by reflecting on key
dimensions of DMPs from the analytical perspective of turbulent governance
European Union climate governance and the European Green Deal in turbulent times
In December 2019, the European Commission published the European Green Deal (EGD), an overarching policy framework
to achieve climate neutrality in Europe by 2050. This thematic issue aims to understand the origins, form, development,
and scope of the EGD and its policy areas. It uses the concept of turbulence to explore and assess the emergence of the
EGD and the policy and governance choices associated with it. Focusing on different levels of governance, different policy
domains, and different stages of policymaking, each contribution raises pertinent questions about the necessity of idenâ
tifying sources of turbulence and of understanding how to govern with such turbulence, rather than against it. Overall,
the articles in this issue demonstrate that, while specifying contextual factors, researching the sources of and responses
to turbulence provides useful insights into the development, direction, and potential durability or advancement of EU cliâ
mate governanc
Governing a multilevel and cross-sectoral climate policy implementation network
For national governments to meet their international climate change obligations they need to develop and implement plans that involve coordinating the actions of local, regional and national level actors from across multiple sectors. When this occurs, it can lead to the formation of a policy implementation network. Surprisingly, there is a limited understanding of the characteristics of the members of such networks, the structure of the multi-level and cross-sectoral ties among them, and about how they relate to how these networks are governed. This paper initiates the development of such knowledge by calculating a variety of network statistics to analyse the policy implementation network formed to carry out Ireland's signature climate policy-The Climate Action Plan 2019. Results show that national level actors dominate, and that cross-level and cross-sectoral collaboration are limited. The plan is governed by a network administrative organisation (NAO), with the Department of the Taoiseach (Irish Prime Minister) filling the role. How the network is structured and governed increases the likelihood that the network will be stable, have a unity of purpose and be able to meet its objectives. However, the dominance of national-level actors and its centralized structure are likely to make it challenging for the NAO to gain the support of local-level actors. This paper's methodological approach can be applied in other contexts to understand inter-actor relations and how these affect the responsibilities, challenges and opportunities of the actors involved in the implementation of a national environmental policy.Peer reviewe
Better together: knowledge co-production for a sustainable society
This Royal Irish Academy white paper, âBetter together: Knowledge co-production for a sustainable societyâ, provides an overview of knowledge co-production for sustainability and environmental research in Ireland; highlights the benefits and challenges of co-production approaches; and identifies key levers for building capacity and capability for knowledge co-production. The paper draws on almost 50 case studies of co-production research for sustainability, along with the outputs from the online Royal Irish Academy symposium and workshop âBetter together: Knowledge co-production for a sustainable societyâ, which took place on 3 June 2021. Short summaries of the case studies are included in this white paper
Innovative methods of community engagement: towards a low carbon climate resilient future
The proceedings of the Innovative Methods of Community Engagement: Toward a Low Carbon, Climate Resilient Future workshop have been developed by the Imagining2050 team in UCC and the Secretariat to the National Dialogue on Climate Action (NDCA). The NDCA also funded the workshop running costs. The proceedings offer a set of recommendations and insights into leveraging different community engagement approaches and methodologies in the area of climate action. They draw from interdisciplinary knowledge and experiences of researchers for identifying, mobilizing and mediating communities. The work presented below derives from a workshop held in the Environmental Research Institute in UCC on the 17th January 2019. These proceedings are complementary to an earlier workshop also funded by the NDCA and run by MaREI in UCC, titled âHow do we Engage Communities in Climate Action? â Practical Learnings from the Coal Faceâ. The earlier workshop looked more closely at community development groups and other non-statutory organizations doing work in the area of climate change