290 research outputs found
Co-appearance of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in a CaRuO nanofilm crystal
By tuning the physical and chemical pressures of layered perovskite materials
we can realize the quantum states of both superconductors and insulators. By
reducing the thickness of a layered crystal to a nanometer level, a nanofilm
crystal can provide novel quantum states that have not previously been found in
bulk crystals. Here we report the realization of high-temperature
superconductivity in CaRuO nanofilm single crystals. CaRuO thin
film with the highest transition temperature (midpoint) of 64~K exhibits
zero resistance in electric transport measurements. The superconducting
critical current exhibited a logarithmic dependence on temperature and was
enhanced by an external magnetic field. Magnetic measurements revealed a
ferromagnetic transition at 180~K and diamagnetic magnetization due to
superconductivity. Our results suggest the co-appearance of superconductivity
and ferromagnetism in CaRuO nanofilm crystals. We also found that the
induced bias current and the tuned film thickness caused a
superconductor-insulator transition. The fabrication of micro-nanocrystals made
of layered material enables us to discuss rich superconducting phenomena in
ruthenates
Stiff deployable structures via coupling of thick Miura-ori tubes along creases
Origami-based structures play an important role in the realization of
deployable mechanisms and unique mechanical properties via programmable
deformation by folding. Among origami-based structures, tessellation by the
coupling of origami tubes enriches the variations in geometry and mechanical
properties. However, thickness accommodation is a critical problem in
engineering applications involving the coupling of thick origami tubes. To
solve this problem, this study proposes the coupling of thick Miura-ori tubes
along the creases for facile fabrication, which sustains the
one-degree-of-freedom (DOF) motion of thick Miura-ori tubes owing to the local
mirror symmetry around the coupling interfaces. Furthermore, the coupling
method contributes to the high stiffness of the coupled Miura-ori tubes, as
evidenced by the wide gap in the eigenvalues between the one-DOF mode and the
elastic modes obtained by the bar-and-hinge models. Finally, meter-scale
coupled Miura-ori tubes were fabricated to demonstrate one-DOF motion and high
stiffness. The findings of this study enable the rapid construction of
structures by one-DOF motion and enhancement of transportability via
flat-foldability.Comment: 41 pages, 16 figure
Synthetic data generation method for hybrid image-tabular data using two generative adversarial networks
The generation of synthetic medical records using generative adversarial
networks (GANs) has become increasingly important for addressing privacy
concerns and promoting data sharing in the medical field. In this paper, we
propose a novel method for generating synthetic hybrid medical records
consisting of chest X-ray images (CXRs) and structured tabular data (including
anthropometric data and laboratory tests) using an auto-encoding GAN
({\alpha}GAN) and a conditional tabular GAN (CTGAN). Our approach involves
training a {\alpha}GAN model on a large public database (pDB) to reduce the
dimensionality of CXRs. We then applied the trained encoder of the GAN model to
the images in original database (oDB) to obtain the latent vectors. These
latent vectors were combined with tabular data in oDB, and these joint data
were used to train the CTGAN model. We successfully generated diverse synthetic
records of hybrid CXR and tabular data, maintaining correspondence between
them. We evaluated this synthetic database (sDB) through visual assessment,
distribution of interrecord distances, and classification tasks. Our evaluation
results showed that the sDB captured the features of the oDB while maintaining
the correspondence between the images and tabular data. Although our approach
relies on the availability of a large-scale pDB containing a substantial number
of images with the same modality and imaging region as those in the oDB, this
method has the potential for the public release of synthetic datasets without
compromising the secondary use of data.Comment: 14 page
Intra- and Interspecies Variability of Single-Cell Innate Fluorescence Signature of Microbial Cell
Here we analyzed the innate fluorescence signature of the single microbial cell, within both clonal and mixed populations of microorganisms. We found that even very similarly shaped cells differ noticeably in their autofluorescence features and that the innate fluorescence signatures change dynamically with growth phases. We demonstrated that machine learning models can be trained with a data set of single-cell innate fluorescence signatures to annotate cells according to their phenotypes and physiological status, for example, distinguishing a wild-type Aspergillus nidulans cell from its nitrogen metabolism mutant counterpart and log-phase cells from stationary-phase cells of Pseudomonas putida We developed a minimally invasive method (confocal reflection microscopy-assisted single-cell innate fluorescence [CRIF] analysis) to optically extract and catalog the innate cellular fluorescence signatures of each of the individual live microbial cells in a three-dimensional space. This technique represents a step forward from traditional techniques which analyze the innate fluorescence signatures at the population level and necessitate a clonal culture. Since the fluorescence signature is an innate property of a cell, our technique allows the prediction of the types or physiological status of intact and tag-free single cells, within a cell population distributed in a three-dimensional space. Our study presents a blueprint for a streamlined cell analysis where one can directly assess the potential phenotype of each single cell in a heterogenous population by its autofluorescence signature under a microscope, without cell tagging.IMPORTANCE A cell\u27s innate fluorescence signature is an assemblage of fluorescence signals emitted by diverse biomolecules within a cell. It is known that the innate fluoresce signature reflects various cellular properties and physiological statuses; thus, they can serve as a rich source of information in cell characterization as well as cell identification. However, conventional techniques focus on the analysis of the innate fluorescence signatures at the population level but not at the single-cell level and thus necessitate a clonal culture. In the present study, we developed a technique to analyze the innate fluorescence signature of a single microbial cell. Using this novel method, we found that even very similarly shaped cells differ noticeably in their autofluorescence features, and the innate fluorescence signature changes dynamically with growth phases. We also demonstrated that the different cell types can be classified accurately within a mixed population under a microscope at the resolution of a single cell, depending solely on the innate fluorescence signature information. We suggest that single-cell autofluoresce signature analysis is a promising tool to directly assess the taxonomic or physiological heterogeneity within a microbial population, without cell tagging
Pengaruh Kandungan Lemak Dan Energi Yang Berbeda Dalam Pakan Terhadap Pemanfaatan Pakan Dan Pertumbuhan Patin (Pangasius Pangasius)
Pakan merupakan faktor terpenting dalam menunjang pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dalam kegiatan budidaya ikan, didalam pakan harus mengandung nutrisi yang lengkap. Penggunaan lemak dalam pakan sangat penting dalam menunjang pertumbuhan, karena lemak merupakan sumber energi yang memiliki nilai cukup tinggi dibanding protein dan karbohidrat. Pengunaan lemak sebagai “Protein sparing effect” yaitu pengganti protein sebagai sumber energi, sehingga penggunaan energi yang berasal dari protein dapat digunakan untuk menunjang pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kandungan lemak dan energi yang berbeda dalam pakan terhadap pemanfaatan pakan dan pertumbuhan patin (P. pangasius).Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang diterapkan adalah perbedaan kandungan lemak dan energi antara lain pada perlakuan A (8%, 281,98 kkal); B (9%, 286,74 kkal); C (10%, 289,45 kkal); dan D (11%, 296,21 kkal). Ikan uji yang digunakan adalah patin (Pangasius pangasius) yang berasal dari Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah. Ikan uji yang digunakan dengan bobot rata-rata 6,48±0,68 g/ekor, dengan padat tebar 1 ekor/liter. Pakan diberikan 3 kali dalam sehari yaitu pada sekitar pukul 08.00 WIB, pukul 12.00 WIB, dan pukul 16.00 WIB. Pemberian pakan diberikan secara at satiation.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kandungan lemak dan energi yang berbeda dalam pakan buatan, memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap EPP, PER, dan RGR pada patin (P. pangasius), sedangkan pada variabel TKP dan SR tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P>0,05). Perlakuan D diperoleh hasil tertinggi dengan nilai TKP (25,27±0,06g), EPP (54,62±0,93%), PER (1,82±0,03%), RGR (0,75±0,02%/hari), dan SR (95,83%).Kandungan lemak dan energi yang berbeda dalam pakan, memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap EPP, PER, dan RGR; tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap TKP dan SR patin (P. pangasius). Feed played an important role in fish farming and therefor, it should contain complete nutrition. The use of fat in fish diet was required for energy supply and producing of growth. The fat was used to subtitute energy source from protein, so the use of protein for fish growth can be optimaled. This study was aimed to observe the influence of different fat and energy on the feed utilization and growth of P. pangasius.The experimental method used was completely randomized design, which consisted of 4 treatments and 3 replicats, that were trial diets with ratio of treatment A (8%, 281.98 kkal); B (9%, 286.74 kkal); C (10%, 289.45 kkal); dan D (11%, 296.21 kkal) respectively. The ratio of vegetable oil : animal oil was equal. The fish used was P. pangasius, which was quired from Banjarnegara, Central Java. It\u27s average body weight of 6.48±0.68 g. The fish was maintenance in 8 l-tanks for 35 days. with a stocking density of 1 fish/l. The fish were feed 3 times a day, at 08.00, 12.00, and 16.00 by appliying at satiation method.The fish fed on resulted on dietary of different fat and energy on the feed on values significantly different (P<0.05) on the EPP, PER and RGR. But for feed in TKP and SR values (P>0.05). TKP value (25.27±0.06g) EPP (54.62±0.93%) , PER (1.82±0.03%) , RGR (0.75±0.02%/day), and SR (95.83%).It was concluded that the influence of different fat and energy on the feed utilization and growth of pangasius in feed significantly effect on, EPP, PER, and RGR while for TKP and SR where not significantly different
24-hour measurement of squeezed light using automated stable fiber system
In order to provide a cloud service of optical quantum computing, it is
inevitable to stabilize the optical system for many hours. It is advantageous
to construct a fiber-based system, which does not require spatial alignment.
However, fiber-based systems are instead subject to fiber-specific
instabilities. For instance, there are phase drifts due to ambient temperature
changes and external disturbances, and polarization fluctuations due to the
finite polarization extinction ratio of fiber components. Here, we report the
success of measuring squeezed light with a fiber system for 24 hours. To do
this, we introduce stabilization mechanics to suppress fluctuations in the
fiber system, and integrated controller to automatically align the entire
system. The squeezed light at the wavelength of 1545.3 nm is measured every 2
minutes, where automated alignments are inserted every 30 minutes. The
squeezing levels with the average of -4.42 dB are recorded with an extremely
small standard deviation of 0.08 dB over 24 hours
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