New records of Tachybaptus dominicus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Aves, Podicipedidae) south of its currently known distribution in Argentina

We report on 4 records of the Least Grebe, Tachybaptus dominicus (Linnaeus, 1766), to the south of its theoretical distributional limit in Córdoba Province, Argentina. In recent years, these records and others uploaded to citizen science platforms suggest that this species’ distribution extends south of its currently known range.Fil: Castillo, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Costas, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Toledo, Javier Martín. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Giaquinta, Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentin

Probiotics, a Reality in Shrimp Culture Review Article

Shrimp culture is one of the most lucrative and fast growing sectors in marine aquaculture; however, the intensification of cultures to meet the growing demands has incremented the incidence of diseases, causing substantial economic losses. Disease outbreak prevention and control is mostly based on antimicrobials, which has originated controversy, due to the accumulation of residues in the environment, increased resistance, and little consumer acceptance. Alternatively, new, more environmentally friendly methods are suggested, like the application of probiotics, a versatile procedure with broadly accepted benefits in shrimp production worldwide. Probiotics can control pathogens by means of multiple mechanisms; they can promote host growth, and improve the quality of the culture environment. Additionally, they can be administered through different routes, and in combination with other beneficial substances. This article offers an update on probiotic application in shrimp culture, with particular emphasis on productivity

Probióticos: una realidad en el cultivo de camarones. Artículo de revisión

Shrimp culture is one of the most lucrative and fast-growing sectors in marine aquaculture. However, culture intensification to meet the growing demands has increased the incidence of diseases, causing considerable economic losses. Outbreak prevention and control is mostly based on antimicrobial antibiotics, which is very controversial due to the accumulation of residues in the environment, increased resistance, and less consumer acceptance. As an alternatively, more environment-friendly methods are being suggested. The application of probiotics is a versatile procedure with broadly accepted benefits in shrimp production worldwide. Probiotics can control pathogens by means of multiple mechanisms, which can promote host growth and improve the quality of culture environment. Additionally, they can be administered through different routes in combination with other beneficial substances. This article offers an update on probiotic use in shrimp culture, with particular emphasis on production increase.La camaronicultura es uno de los sectores más lucrativos y de mayor crecimiento dentro de la acuicultura marina; sin embargo, la intensificación del cultivo para satisfacer una demanda cada vez mayor ha incrementado la incidencia de enfermedades produciendo pérdidas económicas considerables. La prevención y control de los brotes se basa fundamentalmente en antimicrobianos, lo cual es criticado por la acumulación de residuos en el ambiente, el desarrollo de resistencia y poca aceptación de los productos por parte de los consumidores. Alternativamente, se proponen métodos más amigables con el medio ambiente, como la aplicación de probióticos, un procedimiento de gran versatilidad y considerables beneficios ampliamente aceptado en la producción de camarón a nivel mundial. Los probióticos son capaces de controlar patógenos por múltiples mecanismos, promover el crecimiento del hospedero y mejorar la calidad del ambiente de cultivo. Adicionalmente pueden ser administrados por varias vías y en combinación con otras sustancias beneficiosas. Este artículo provee una actualización sobre la aplicación de probióticos en el cultivo de camarón, con énfasis en su influencia en el incremento de la productividad

Terminally sialylated and fucosylated complex N-glycans are involved in the malignant behavior of high-grade glioma

Gliomas are the most common intracranial primary tumors, for which very few therapeutic options are available. The most malignant subtype is the glioblastoma, a disease associated with a 5-year survival rate lower than 5%. Given that research in glycobiology continues highlighting the role of glycans in tumor cell biology, it offers an interesting niche for the search of new therapeutic targets. In this study, we characterized aberrant glycosylation and its impact on cell biology over a broad panel of high- and low-grade glioma cell lines. Results show high expression of terminal Lewis glycans, mainly SLex, and overexpression of sialyl- and fucosyltransferases involved in their biosynthesis in high-grade glioma cell lines. Moreover, we report an association of complex multi-antennary N-glycans presenting β1,6-GlcNAc branches with the high-grade glioma cells, which also overexpressed the gene responsible for these assemblies, MGAT5. In addition, downmodulation of N-glycosylation by treatment with the inhibitors Tunicamycin/Swainsonine or MGAT5 silencing decreased SLex expression, adhesion and migration in high-grade glioma cells. In contrast, no significant changes in these cell capacities were observed in low-grade glioma after treatment with the N-glycosylation inhibitors. Furthermore, inhibition of histone deacetylases by Trichostatin A provoked an increase in the expression of SLex and its biosynthetic related glycosyltransferases in low-grade glioma cells. Our results describe that aggressive glioma cells show high expression of Lewis glycans anchored to complex multi-antennary N-glycans. This glycophenotype plays a key role in malignant cell behavior and is regulated by histone acetylation dependent mechanisms.Fil: Cuello, Héctor Adrián. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ferreira, Gretel Magalí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; ArgentinaFil: Gulino, Cynthia Antonella. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; ArgentinaFil: Gomez Toledo, Alejandro. Lund University; SueciaFil: Segatori, Valeria Inés. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gabri, Mariano Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; Argentin

Estrategia didáctica para la habilidad toma de decisiones en la formación del especialista en Pediatría

Fundamento: la toma de decisiones como habilidad profesional en la formación del especialista en Pediatría es un aspecto que requiere atención desde el punto de vista didáctico.Objetivo: presentar una estrategia didáctica para la toma de decisiones como habilidad profesional en la formación del especialista en Pediatría, así como un acercamiento a su implementación.Métodos: se utilizaron métodos y técnicas de investigación cualitativa como la observación y el grupo de discusión mediante talleres para describir los resultados que se presentan en el artículo.Resultados: se ofrecen acciones metodológicas llevadas a cabo mediante la ejecución de un taller de socialización, el registro de actividades prácticas con profesores/tutores y residentes en diferentes escenarios docente-asistenciales. Se muestran los resultados de la implementación de las acciones de la estrategia didáctica, así como las premisas y etapas que se determinaron durante su proceso de construcción. Se describen las principales regularidades.Conclusiones: la estrategia didáctica propuesta, y su carácter flexible, permiten su articulación durante los tres años de residencia de Pediatría, en beneficio de la toma de decisiones como habilidad profesional y asumiendo el principio de educación en el trabajo como la principal forma de enseñanza del especialista en formación.</p

Leaching of pure chalcocite with reject brine and MnO2 from manganese

Chalcocite (Cu2S) has the fastest kinetics of dissolution of Cu in chlorinated media of all copper sulfide minerals. Chalcocite has been identified as having economic interest due to its abundance, although the water necessary for its dissolution is scarce in many regions. In this work, the replacement of fresh water by sea water or by reject brine with high chloride content from desalination plants is analyzed. Additionally, the effect of adding MnO2 from available manganese nodules in vast quantities at the bottom of the sea is studied. Reject brine shows better results than sea water, and the addition of MnO2 to the brine significantly increases the kinetics of chalcocite dissolution in a short time. H2SO4 concentration is found to be irrelevant when working at high concentrations of chloride and MnO2. The best results, 71% Cu extractions in 48 h, are obtained for reject brine, 100 mg of MnO2 per 200 g of mineral and H2SO4 0.5 mol/L. The results are expected to contribute to a sustainable process of dissolution of chalcocite by using the reject brine from desalination plantsThe authors thank the Scientific Equipment Unit-MAINI of the Universidad Católica del Norte for all the chemical analyses in this work. The authors are grateful for the contribution of the Scientific Equipment Unit-MAINI of the Universidad Católica del Norte for facilitating the chemical analysis of the solutions. Pedro Robles thanks the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso for the support provided. Pedro G. Toledo and Ricardo I. Jeldres thank Centro CRHIAM Project Anid/Fondap/15130015

Proteomic atlas of organ vasculopathies triggered by Staphylococcus aureus sepsis

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition triggered by a dysregulated host response to microbial infection resulting in vascular dysfunction, organ failure and death. Here we provide a semi-quantitative atlas of the murine vascular cell-surface proteome at the organ level, and how it changes during sepsis. Using in vivo chemical labeling and high-resolution mass spectrometry, we demonstrate the presence of a vascular proteome that is perfusable and shared across multiple organs. This proteome is enriched in membrane-anchored proteins, including multiple regulators of endothelial barrier functions and innate immunity. Further, we automated our workflows and applied them to a murine model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sepsis to unravel changes during systemic inflammatory responses. We provide an organ-specific atlas of both systemic and local changes of the vascular proteome triggered by sepsis. Collectively, the data indicates that MRSA-sepsis triggers extensive proteome remodeling of the vascular cell surfaces, in a tissue-specific manner.Fil: Gómez Toledo, Alejandro. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Golden, Gregory. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Rosa Campos, Alexandre. Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Cuello, Héctor Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; ArgentinaFil: Sorrentino, James. University of California at San Diego; Estados UnidosFil: Lewis, Nathan. University of California at San Diego; Estados UnidosFil: Varki, Nissi. University of California at San Diego; Estados UnidosFil: Nizet, Victor. University of California at San Diego; Estados UnidosFil: Smith, Jeffrey W.. Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Esko, Jeffrey D.. University of California; Estados Unido

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Two Types of Antioxidant Compounds (TPC and TA) from Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.): Optimization of the Individual and Simultaneous Extraction Methods

Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) contains a large number of bioactive compounds, which make of it a highly nutritional and antioxidant food with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been recently seen its consumption increased because of its interesting composition and properties as a functional food. The ultrasound-assisted extraction method has been optimized, since it is a simple and fast technique to extract phenolic compounds, as well as anthocyanins, not only separately but also simultaneously. Multiple response has been optimized and demonstrated an e ectiveness level similar to the individual ones. This represents a considerable reduction in costs, time and work. The optimal conditions for simultaneous extractions were: 54% methanol as extraction solvent at pH 2.72 and 69.4 C temperature, 70% amplitude, 0.7 s cycle, and 0.5:18.2 g:mL sample mass/solvent volume ratio. The developed methods showed a high precision level with coe cients of variation lower than 5%. The methods were successfully applied to commercial samples. Additionally, the extraction of other compounds of biological interest, such as organic acids and sugars, was also studied

A comprehensive survey on reinforcement-learning-based computation offloading techniques in Edge Computing Systems

Producción CientíficaIn recent years, the number of embedded computing devices connected to the Internet has exponentially increased. At the same time, new applications are becoming more complex and computationally demanding, which can be a problem for devices, especially when they are battery powered. In this context, the concepts of computation offloading and edge computing, which allow applications to be fully or partially offloaded and executed on servers close to the devices in the network, have arisen and received increasing attention. Then, the design of algorithms to make the decision of which applications or tasks should be offloaded, and where to execute them, is crucial. One of the options that has been gaining momentum lately is the use of Reinforcement Learning (RL) and, in particular, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), which enables learning optimal or near-optimal offloading policies adapted to each particular scenario. Although the use of RL techniques to solve the computation offloading problem in edge systems has been covered by some surveys, it has been done in a limited way. For example, some surveys have analysed the use of RL to solve various networking problems, with computation offloading being one of them, but not the primary focus. Other surveys, on the other hand, have reviewed techniques to solve the computation offloading problem, being RL just one of the approaches considered. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first survey that specifically focuses on the use of RL and DRL techniques for computation offloading in edge computing system. We present a comprehensive and detailed survey, where we analyse and classify the research papers in terms of use cases, network and edge computing architectures, objectives, RL algorithms, decision-making approaches, and time-varying characteristics considered in the analysed scenarios. In particular, we include a series of tables to help researchers identify relevant papers based on specific features, and analyse which scenarios and techniques are most frequently considered in the literature. Finally, this survey identifies a number of research challenges, future directions and areas for further study.Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León y FEDER (VA231P20)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Proyecto PID2020-112675RB-C42, PID2021-124463OBI00 y RED2018-102585-T, financiados por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033