Hepatic glucokinase regulatory protein and carbohydrate response element binding protein attenuation reduce de novo lipogenesis but do not mitigate intrahepatic triglyceride accumulation in Aldob deficiency

Objective: Stable isotope studies have shown that hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic lipid (IHL) deposition. Furthermore, previous research has demonstrated that fructose 1-phosphate (F1P) not only serves as a substrate for DNL, but also acts as a signalling metabolite that stimulates DNL from glucose. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mediators of F1P-stimulated DNL, with special focus on two key regulators of intrahepatic glucose metabolism, i.e., glucokinase regulatory protein (GKRP) and carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP).Methods: Aldolase B deficient mice (Aldob-/-), characterized by hepatocellular F1P accumulation, enhanced DNL, and hepatic steatosis, were either crossed with GKRP deficient mice (Gckr-/-) or treated with short hairpin RNAs directed against hepatic ChREBP.Results: Aldob-/- mice showed higher rates of de novo palmitate synthesis from glucose when compared to wildtype mice (p < 0.001). Gckr knockout reduced de novo palmitate synthesis in Aldob-/- mice (p = 0.017), without affecting the hepatic mRNA expression of enzymes involved in DNL. In contrast, hepatic ChREBP knockdown normalized the hepatic mRNA expression levels of enzymes involved in DNL and reduced fractional DNL in Aldob-/- mice (p < 0.05). Of interest, despite downregulation of DNL in response to Gckr and ChREBP attenuation, no reduction in intrahepatic triglyceride levels was observed.Conclusions: Both GKRP and ChREBP mediate F1P-stimulated DNL in aldolase B deficient mice. Further studies are needed to unravel the role of GKRP and hepatic ChREBP in regulating IHL accumulation in aldolase B deficiency

Interventions to prevent youth violence in Latin America: a systematic review

Objectives: This review aims to summarise evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to prevent youth violence in Latin America. Methods: A systematic search on 13 academic databases was conducted to locate studies evaluating a primary or secondary prevention intervention in Latin America. Studies could use any type of quantitative design to assess outcomes related to youth violence. A search of websites, references and citation searching was also carried out. The quality of each study was assessed. Results: Nine studies were identified. Most documented positive effects of the interventions on the perception of youth violence present in the community/school. Evidence was found of a reduction in homicides and juvenile crimes in three studies, two of which evaluated a community-based intervention. There were mixed results for the self-report of participation on violent acts. The majority of the studies lacked of a rigorous design. Conclusions: Most of the interventions had some promising results, including the reduction of homicides within communities. Community-based programmes were the most consistent regarding an effectiveness to prevent violence. However, the evidence for Latin America is still scarce and relies on non-rigorously designed studies

Community Violence and Youth: Affect, Behavior, Substance Use, and Academics

Community violence is recognized as a major public health problem (WHO, World Report on Violence and Health,2002) that Americans increasingly understand has adverse implications beyond inner-cities. However, the majority of research on chronic community violence exposure focuses on ethnic minority, impoverished, and/or crime-ridden communities while treatment and prevention focuses on the perpetrators of the violence, not on the youth who are its direct or indirect victims. School-based treatment and preventive interventions are needed for children at elevated risk for exposure to community violence. In preparation, a longitudinal, community epidemiological study, The Multiple Opportunities to Reach Excellence (MORE) Project, is being fielded to address some of the methodological weaknesses presented in previous studies. This study was designed to better understand the impact of children’s chronic exposure to community violence on their emotional, behavioral, substance use, and academic functioning with an overarching goal to identify malleable risk and protective factors which can be targeted in preventive and intervention programs. This paper describes the MORE Project, its conceptual underpinnings, goals, and methodology, as well as implications for treatment and preventive interventions and future research

Examination board:

Germany, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doktor rer. nat. presented b

Examination board:

of th

CONTENTS

in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doktor rer. nat. presented b

Mitarbeiter:

Vertreter der wissenschaftliche

Desain dan Pembuatan Business Intelligence Dashboard Reporting Data Business as usual pada Perusahaan XYZ

Perusahaan xyz adalah salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang telekomunikasi di Indonesia. Perusahaan xyz memiliki sistem informasi yang berguna untuk mencatat dan mendata produksi serta business as usual (BAU) atau tugas harian yang dikerjakan. Namun pemanfaatan data dan informasi yang dimiliki dinilai masih kurang optimal karena pencatatan dan pendataan serta pelaporannya masih dilakukan secara manual oleh tim bisnis relation management (BRM). Oleh karena itu, tim bisnis relation management memerlukan solusi untuk memudahkan dan membantu dalam hal pelaporan dan pengolahan data. Solusi yang mungkin untuk diterapkan salah satunya dengan penerapan Business Intelligence (BI) Dashboard Reporting. Metode yang dilakukan untuk penerapan dashboard reporting yaitu siklus hidup BI dari Kimball. Hasil dari dashboard reporting yang telah diterapkan kemudian diuji untuk mengukur dampak dari penerapan tersebut dalam hal usability dengan metode System Usability Scale (SUS) dan Dashboard Assessment Usability Model. Hasil SUS menunjukkan skor total 363 dengan rata-rata skor 73, mencapai tingkat kegunaan yang dapat diterima dalam acceptability range. Penilaian adjective rating juga menetapkan skor tingkat good, menggambarkan kualitas yang baik. DATUS menunjukkan hasil yang lebih mendalam, dengan rata-rata skor 87.2 dari 100. Aspek-aspek seperti accessibility, effectiveness, dan efficiency mendapatkan nilai tinggi, mencapai 4.6, 4.5, dan 4.5 dari 5 secara berturut-turut. Median yang konsisten dan tinggi pada setiap aspek menunjukkan kualitas dashboard yang baik. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa dashboard reporting memiliki kualitas yang baik dalam aspek usability serta dapat diterima oleh sebagian besar tim atau divisi BRM. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa BI dashboard reporting yang dirancang sesuai dengan siklus hidup BI Kimball memberikan hasil yang memuaskan, terutama dalam hal kegunaan dan kinerja. Dengan nilai rata-rata yang mencapai standar, penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap pengembangan sistem informasi BAU di Perusahaan XYZ