Effects of conditions on learning and brain

AbstractHart (1983) called the brain “the organ of learning.” He advocated learning more about the brain in order to design effective learning environments. How learning occurs in the brain? Learning occurs when we construct meaning and understanding of our experiences. Construction of meaning is the natural function of the human brain. We integrate and synthesize new information into our existing understandings to make sensible meaning. The brain appears to become more active in its search for meaning when it encounters information and experiences that fail to fit its existing patterns of meaning. So, we can perform education with brain-compatible situations. Learning is getting better way in these situations. In this context, the purpose of this study is examine to effects of the situations (for example: environment, stress, music, food, water, movement) on learning

Efficiency Determinations for a Ge(Li) Detector

Author Institution: University of DaytonThe intrinsic efficiency of a Ge(Li) detector was determined for gamma-ray energies between 150 keV and 1500 keV. Two experimental methods were used. One method made use of the known relative intensities of La140 and Eu154 gamma rays. The second method made use of the known intensities of several calibrated sources. The resulting experimental full-energy peak-efficiency curve is compared with a published semi-empirical relation given by k « = [l-e-cr+Aoe-BE], c where e is the efficiency, and r and a are the photoelectric and Compton scattering absorption coefficients, respectively. The empirical constants k, A, B, and c are parameters, and E is the gamma-ray energy. It was found that the above relation agrees with the experimental results within an accuracy of 3%

Robust Bayesian Tensor Factorization with Zero-Inflated Poisson Model and Consensus Aggregation

Tensor factorizations (TF) are powerful tools for the efficient representation and analysis of multidimensional data. However, classic TF methods based on maximum likelihood estimation underperform when applied to zero-inflated count data, such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. Additionally, the stochasticity inherent in TFs results in factors that vary across repeated runs, making interpretation and reproducibility of the results challenging. In this paper, we introduce Zero Inflated Poisson Tensor Factorization (ZIPTF), a novel approach for the factorization of high-dimensional count data with excess zeros. To address the challenge of stochasticity, we introduce Consensus Zero Inflated Poisson Tensor Factorization (C-ZIPTF), which combines ZIPTF with a consensus-based meta-analysis. We evaluate our proposed ZIPTF and C-ZIPTF on synthetic zero-inflated count data and synthetic and real scRNA-seq data. ZIPTF consistently outperforms baseline matrix and tensor factorization methods in terms of reconstruction accuracy for zero-inflated data. When the probability of excess zeros is high, ZIPTF achieves up to $2.4\times$ better accuracy. Additionally, C-ZIPTF significantly improves the consistency and accuracy of the factorization. When tested on both synthetic and real scRNA-seq data, ZIPTF and C-ZIPTF consistently recover known and biologically meaningful gene expression programs

Relative waring rank of binary forms

Suppose $f(x,y)$ is a binary form of degree $d$ with coefficients in a field K \subseteq \cc. The {\it $K$-rank of $f$} is the smallest number of $d$-th powers of linear forms over $K$ of which $f$ is a $K$-linear combination. We prove that for $d \ge 5$, there always exists a form of degree $d$ with at least three different ranks over various fields. We also study the relation between the relative rank and the algebraic properties of the underlying field. In particular, we show that $K$-rank of a form $f$ (such as $x^3y^2$) may depend on whether $-1$ is a sum of two squares in $K.$ We provide lower bounds for the $\mathbb{C}$-rank (Waring rank) and for the $\mathbb{R}$-rank (real Waring rank) of binary forms depending on their factorization. We also give the rank of quartic and quintic binary forms based on their factorization over \cc. We investigate the structure of binary forms with unique $\mathbb{C}$-minimal representation

INFLUENCES OF GRINDING CONDITIONS ON GALENITE-SPHALERITE FLOTATION KINETICS

Grinding is more than just crushing, it is also a process that causes a chemical reaction on the surface of the mineral. Water used in the grinding process significantly affects the galvanic interaction. Different grinding conditions result in different pulp chemistries. This becomes especially important in sulfide flotation in terms of recovery and selectivity. There are limited studies examining the effects of dry and wet grinding prior to the flotation of sulfide minerals. This study compared the effects of wet and dry grinding on the flotation kinetics of complex Pb-Zn sulfide ore at P80 of 20 and 50 µm grind sizes. Results showed that dry grinding positively affected the sphalerite ore flotation compared to wet grinding in terms of recovery and grade in both galenite and sphalerite rougher flotation stages. Considering that the effect of dry grinding was due to the difference in pulp chemistry, the reasons were explored based on particle morphology, and pulp potentials. The results showed that grinding the same ore under dry and wet conditions significantly affected the flotation performance. In light of the pulp potential measurements, it was determined that the reducing environment obtained in the wet grinding negatively affected the flotation performance, while the oxidizing environment formed during the dry grinding affected the flotation performance positively. This was attributed to the fact that galvanic interactions that occurred during wet grinding were significantly reduced during dry grinding. Hence, better galenite and sphalerite flotation was obtained following dry grinding

WCET Derivation under Single Core Equivalence with Explicit Memory Budget Assignment

In the last decade there has been a steady uptrend in the popularity of embedded multi-core platforms. This represents a turning point in the theory and implementation of real-time systems. From a real-time standpoint, however, the extensive sharing of hardware resources (e.g. caches, DRAM subsystem, I/O channels) represents a major source of unpredictability. Budget-based memory regulation (throttling) has been extensively studied to enforce a strict partitioning of the DRAM subsystem’s bandwidth. The common approach to analyze a task under memory bandwidth regulation is to consider the budget of the core where the task is executing, and assume the worst-case about the remaining cores' budgets. In this work, we propose a novel analysis strategy to derive the WCET of a task under memory bandwidth regulation that takes into account the exact distribution of memory budgets to cores. In this sense, the proposed analysis represents a generalization of approaches that consider (i) even budget distribution across cores; and (ii) uneven but unknown (except for the core under analysis) budget assignment. By exploiting the additional piece of information, we show that it is possible to derive a more accurate WCET estimation. Our evaluations highlight that the proposed technique can reduce overestimation by 30% in average, and up to 60%, compared to the state of the art.Accepted manuscrip

La cantidad de madera muerta y sus tasas de descomposición asociadas en reservas forestales y bosques manejados en el noroeste de Turquía

This study describes the state of coarse dead wood (CDW) in the Forest Reserve and the Managed Forest zones of northern conifer-broadleaved mixed forest. The results showed mean total CDW volumes in the ranges 30,05±11,06 m3/ha in the Forest Reserve (6,33±2,98% of the LW volume), and 9,31±2,84 m3/ha in the Managed Forest (1,96±0,84% of the LW volume). The total CDW volume was 3,22 times higher in the Forest Reserve than in the Managed Forest. The CDWlog1 and CDWsnag1 were the most abundant CDW decay classes, whilst CDWlog2 and CDWsnag2 were the lowest. Comparisons of ratios between the Managed Forest and the Forest Reserve with abundant decay classes CDWlog1 and CDWsnag1 indicated large differences. The CDWlog1 volume was 4,09 times higher, and the CDWsnag1 volume was 3,68 times greater in the Forest Reserve than in the Managed Forest. The ratio of different CWD classes in the Managed Forest to CWD classes in the Reserve Forest confirms the pattern. In both Managed and Reserve Forest zones there is balance between total CDWlogs and total CDWsnags, but the differences between total CDWlogs and total CDWsnags was not statistically significant. The total CDW volume was significantly dependent on the forest management system. The system influenced amount and diversity of CDW. In commercially managed forest the abundance and structure of CDW retained is a compromise between the needs of timber production and nature conservation.Este estudio describe el estado de la madera muerta en la zona de reserva forestal y zonas de bosques manejados de coníferas del norte de bosques mixtos de frondosas. Los resultados mostraron que la media total de los volúmenes de madera muerta es igual a 30,05 ± 11,06 m3 / ha en la Reserva Forestal (6,33 ± 2,98% del volumen de madera en pie), y 9,31 ± 2,84 m3 / ha en los bosques manejados (1,96 ± 0,84% del volumen de LW). El volumen total de madera muerta fue de 3,22 veces mayor en la Reserva Forestal de que en el bosque administrado. Las clases de decaimiento de madera muerta más abundantes eran CDWlog1 y CDWsnag1, mientras que CDWlog2 y CDWsnag2 fueron los menos abundantes. Las comparaciones de las proporciones entre el bosque manejado y la Reserva Forestal con las clases de decaimiento más abundantes (CDWlog1 y CDWsnag1) indican grandes diferencias ente las dos zonas. El volumen CDWlog1 fue 4,09 veces mayor, y el volumen CDWsnag1 fue 3,68 veces mayor en la Reserva Forestal de que en el bosque manejado. La relación de las diferentes clases de decaimiento entre los bosques manejados y la Reserva Forestal confirma el patrón. En ambos casos, bosque manejado y zonas de reserva forestal, existe un equilibrio entre CDWlogs total y CDWsnags total, pero las diferencias entre CDWlogs total y CDWsnags total no fue estadísticamente significativa. El volumen total de madera muerta depende significativamente del sistema de gestión forestal. El sistema de manejo influye sobre la cantidad y diversidad de madera muerta. En una gestión comercial de los bosques, la abundancia y estructura de madera muerta presente es un compromiso entre las necesidades de la producción de madera y la conservación de la naturaleza

The geography teaching at the last periods of Ottoman State: An example for the application of discovery method

Bu çalışma yirminci yüzyıl Osmanlı Dönemi Coğrafya öğretiminde yaşanan gelişmelere ve bu dönemde öğrenci merkezli öğretime verilen değeri ortaya koymak için yapılmıştır. Çalışmada bu amaçla yirminci yüzyıl Osmanlı Dönemi coğrafya öğretimindeki önemli gelişmelere ve bu dönem coğrafyacılarının görüşlerine değinilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışmada, öğrenci merkezi öğretim stratejilerinden buluş yoluyla öğretime örnek olarak yapılan bir ders planına da yer verilmiştir.The aim of this paper is to take on the scientific developments of geography teaching and to introduce the applications of student-centered education at the last periods of the Ottoman Empire. For this, the most outstanding turning points and the ideas of Ottoman geographers made its mark on geography in this period are taken into account. Moreover, the exemplary lesson plan concerning to the discovery method is added and evaluated