New thylacocephalans from the Early Triassic Paris Biota (Bear Lake County, Idaho, USA).

International audienceTwo new genera and species of thylacocephalans (Arthropoda, Thylacocephala), Parisicaris triassica Charbonnier and Ligulacaris parisiana Charbonnier, are described from the early Spathian Paris Biota. These new occurrences are the first reports of thylacocephalans from Triassic rocks in North America. They considerably enlarge the spatiotemporal distribution of these enigmatic arthropods and highlight their relatively high generic richness during the Early Triassic. It also confirms that the Triassic was the taxonomically richest period for Thylacocephala

The issue of eosin fading: A combined spectroscopic and mass spectrometric approach applied to historical lakes

The huge number of complex formulations of synthetic dyes and pigments commercialized in the 19th century makes their comprehensive characterization both difficult and fundamental for their successful identifications in artworks. The description of the exact starting composition of a wide collection of reference materials is preliminary to the study of the challenging photo-degradation processes in which most of the early synthetic dyes and pigments are involved. In this paper, four eosin-based lakes, all containing eosin Y, and one also containing eosin B, but differing in the organic and inorganic materials used as fillers, were fully characterized. These formulations were reconstructed on the base of historical recipes from the extensive Wiesel's collection, dated to the 19th century and bought by Dr Kremer (Kremer Pigmente, Germany) in the 1990s. The composition of each formulation was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and luminescence spectroscopy was used as a probe for their inert-distinction. Reference paint layers were then prepared by casting the lakes in linseed oil, and their ageing and impact on color change was monitored for one year by analyzing two sets of paint model systems by colorimetry. For each system, two sets were prepared and one was stored in the dark while the other exposed to natural light. The material distribution and homogeneity of the samples were tested by Synchrotron Radiation based micro infrared spectroscopy (SR-μ-FT-IR). Finally, an ultra-sensitive method based on Liquid Chromatography coupled with High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) allowed us to characterize eosin degradation products detected but never identified before, and to evaluate their kinetics of formation

Development of a multi analytical approach to investigate the fading of eosin in painting matrices

Eosin is a xanthenic synthetic organic dye/pigment synthesized by Caro in 1873. It was precipitated with lead and aluminum salts and commercialized as geranium lake and it was one of the most brilliant hues in the palette of the Impressionist painter Vincent van Gogh. Unfortunately, the high photosensitivity of eosin has caused the evident fading of the intense pink colorations of his canvas paintings into lighter ones. This work aims at underlying the contribution of several complementary different analytical techniques in disclosing a very complex and still little-known topic such as the degradation process of eosin

[Laparoscopic treatment of borderline ovarian tumor: analysis of 54 patients and clinical outcomes]

International audienceOBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic treatment of borderline ovarian tumor (BOT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 54 patients treated using a laparoscopic approach for a BOT between January 1984 and January 2002. RESULTS: A conservative management was initially performed in 45 patients (83%). Twenty-six patients underwent a reassessment surgery and 7 (27%) of them were upstaged following this procedure. Seven (13%) patients recurred in a remaining ovary following conservative surgery (5 patients) or on the peritoneum (2 patients). Three port-site localizations were observed. None of the patients treated with conservative management had recurrent disease under the form of ovarian carcinoma. Nine spontaneous pregnancies were observed in 6 patients from a group of 19 patients desiring pregnancy. All patients are today alive and disease-free. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that laparoscopic treatment could be safely performed in young patients with early stage BOT. Such procedure should be further evaluated in patients with BOT and peritoneal implants