Lowe v. SEC: Investment Advisors Act of 1940 Clashes with First Amendment Guarantees of Free Speech and Press

In the wake of mounting controversy over whether federal securities laws can withstand first amendment scrutiny, the United States Supreme Court granted certiorari in Lowe v. SEC to consider whether the first amendment prohibits an injunction against publication and distribution of an investment advisory newsletter by an unregistered investment advisor. However, the Court bypassed this constitutional question, and instead adopted a statutory construction of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the Act ) that excluded Lowe\u27s newsletters as bonafide financial publications of general circulation under section 80(b)- 2(a)(11)(D). The majority ruled that the petitioners were not investment advisers, and therefore did not need to be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Consequently, there was no justification for restraining future publication of Lowe\u27s newsletters

The fathers of infants born to adolescent mothers: a comparison with non-parenting male peers and adolescent mothers

This study examined social-emotional variables and views of parenting of fathers of infants born to adolescent mothers. Participants were a convenience sample of 15 fathers of infants born to adolescent mothers, 15 age-matched non-parenting male peers, and 15 adolescent mothers. Data collected included demographic information, self-esteem, depressive symptoms, social support, parenting satisfaction, and general life satisfaction. Additionally, a semi-structured interview that focused on the subjects\u27 views about parenting was conducted. Results showed significant differences between fathers and non-fathers and between fathers and adolescent mothers. Fathers reported less support from friends and the community, lower general life satisfaction, and lower self-esteem than the non-parenting male peers. Fathers reported lower general life satisfaction than the adolescent mothers. Results from interviews indicated that the majority of the fathers and non-fathers view parenthood as increased responsibility whereas the adolescent mothers reported that parenthood made them more mature and kept them out of trouble. Overall, the majority of fathers reported enjoying their children though results suggested that their level of emotional well-being is lower than that of the non-parenting male peers

Relationship between the adolescent father and his infant compared with those for the non-adolescent father and the adolescent mother

Family Relations and Child Developmen

Estimating Lunar Pyroclastic Deposit Depth from Imaging Radar Data: Applications to Lunar Resource Assessment

Lunar pyroclastic deposits represent one of the primary anticipated sources of raw materials for future human settlements. These deposits are fine-grained volcanic debris layers produced by explosive volcanism contemporaneous with the early stage of mare infilling. There are several large regional pyroclastic units on the Moon (for example, the Aristarchus Plateau, Rima Bode, and Sulpicius Gallus formations), and numerous localized examples, which often occur as dark-halo deposits around endogenic craters (such as in the floor of Alphonsus Crater). Several regional pyroclastic deposits were studied with spectral reflectance techniques: the Aristarchus Plateau materials were found to be a relatively homogeneous blanket of iron-rich glasses. One such deposit was sampled at the Apollo 17 landing site, and was found to have ferrous oxide and titanium dioxide contents of 12 percent and 5 percent, respectively. While the areal extent of these deposits is relatively well defined from orbital photographs, their depths have been constrained only by a few studies of partially filled impact craters and by imaging radar data. A model for radar backscatter from mantled units applicable to both 70-cm and 12.6-cm wavelength radar data is presented. Depth estimates from such radar observations may be useful in planning future utilization of lunar pyroclastic deposits

Evaluating the Impact of Grafting on Local Tomato Production in Nebraska

Grafting has been successfully used in vegetable production for tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, and watermelon. Besides its usefulness for managing soil-borne diseases, grafting can improve nutrient uptake and yield. However, few studies have assessed the effects of grafting and soil fertility management on yield of open field-grown tomatoes in the Midwest. Therefore, the objective of this two-year research was to better document the effects of grafting heirloom and hybrid tomato cultivar onto hybrid tomato rootstocks on tomato yield and quality. The field experiments were located at the University of Nebraska Lincoln - East Campus in Lincoln, West Central Research and Extension Center in North Platte, and a farm trial at Perkarek’s Vegetable Farm near Dwight, Nebraska. Two determinant fresh market tomatoes, ‘Nebraska Wedding’ and ‘BHN-589’, were grafted onto two rootstocks, ‘Estamino’ and ‘Maxifort,’ with the non-grafted determinant market tomatoes as a control. During the second year of this study, fertilizer treatment was introduced with two N rates (0% and 100%). At the end of the growing season, ripe tomatoes were harvested on a weekly basis, and yield was determined by weighing all tomatoes from the five plants in each experimental unit. Overall, there was no consistent improvement in total yield for any of the grafting treatments, and the estimated total mean yield of BHN-589 was at least 50% more than Nebraska Wedding. Moreover, there was no interaction effect between grafting and fertilizing treatment within each location. Results from this study suggest the need for more assessment on the effect of tomato grafting under different environmental conditions

Utilization of Psychotherapeutic Interventions by Pediatric Psychosocial Providers

One of the Standards of Psychosocial Care for Children with Cancer and their Families recommends that all youth with cancer and their family members have access to psychotherapeutic interventions and support throughout the cancer trajectory. This study was created to identify the psychosocial interventions and services provided to children with cancer and their family members, to ascertain whether there are differences in interventions provided by age of the patient and stage of treatment, and to learn about barriers to psychosocial service provision. An online survey was disseminated to psychosocial providers through the listservs of national and international professional organizations. The majority of the 242 respondents were either psychologists (39.3%) or social workers (26.9%) and 79.7% worked in the United States. The intervention offered most often to pediatric patients, caregivers, and siblings, at every stage of treatment, was psychoeducation (41.7–48.8%). Evidence-based interventions, including cognitive behavioral therapy (56.6%) and mindfulness-based interventions (57.9%) were reported to be frequently used with patients. Interventions designed specifically for the pediatric oncology population were not commonly endorsed. Psychosocial providers reported quality of care would be improved by additional staff, better communication/ collaboration with medical team members and increased community-based resources. Future research should focus on improving accessibility to population-specific evidenced-based interventions and translating science to practice

A new break in V(D)J recombination

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/31034/1/0000711.pd

Rapid Breast Cancer Disease Progression Following Cyclin Dependent Kinase 4 and 6 Inhibitor Discontinuation.

Background: CDK 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i), which arrest unregulated cancer cell proliferation, show clinical efficacy in breast cancer. Unexpectedly, a patient treated on a CDK4/6i-based trial, as first-line therapy in metastatic breast cancer, developed rapid disease progression following discontinuation of study drug while receiving standard second-line therapy off trial. We thus sought to expand this observation within a population of patients treated similarly at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Methods: Using an IRB-approved protocol, 4 patients previously enrolled on CDK4/6i trials were analyzed for outcomes after discontinuing study drug. These patients were treated on a randomized trial of first-line endocrine therapy +/- a CDK4/6i. Rapid disease progression was defined as progression occurring within 4 months of CDK4/6i discontinuation. Results: In total, 4 patients developed rapid disease progression and died; 2 of whom died within 6 months of CDK4/6i discontinuation. Conclusion: This case series suggests a potential for rapid disease progression following CDK4/6i discontinuation. However, the clinical course following progression must be validated in large CDK4/6i clinical trials and standard-of-care cohorts. If confirmed, such observations may alter the algorithm for subsequent therapy in patients with disease progression on CDK4/6i. Nevertheless, the need remains to define a mechanistic basis for this rapid progression and formulate alternative therapeutic strategies

EGRET Observations of the Extragalactic Gamma Ray Emission

The all-sky survey in high-energy gamma rays (E$>$30 MeV) carried out by the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory provides a unique opportunity to examine in detail the diffuse gamma-ray emission. The observed diffuse emission has a Galactic component arising from cosmic-ray interactions with the local interstellar gas and radiation as well an almost uniformly distributed component that is generally believed to originate outside the Galaxy. Through a careful study and removal of the Galactic diffuse emission, the flux, spectrum and uniformity of the extragalactic emission is deduced. The analysis indicates that the extragalactic emission is well described by a power law photon spectrum with an index of -(2.10+-0.03) in the 30 MeV to 100 GeV energy range. No large scale spatial anisotropy or changes in the energy spectrum are observed in the deduced extragalactic emission. The most likely explanation for the origin of this extragalactic high-energy gamma-ray emission is that it arises primarily from unresolved gamma-ray-emitting blazars.Comment: 19 pages latex, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Ap