An Inventory of the Vascular Flora of Hamilton County, Iowa (2001-2004)

A botanical survey of the vascular flora of Hamilton County, Iowa was conducted from 2001 to 2004. During this survey 973 taxa (761 native) were encountered. A search of the literature and a survey of Iowa State University\u27s Ada Hayden Herbarium for additional documented specimens added 28 taxa to the flora. This total of 1001 taxa places Hamilton County fourth in vascular plant richness among inventories conducted in Iowa since 1950. A checklist including common names of most taxa, habitat and abundance data for all taxa encountered during the current survey is presented. Information on earlier collections includes source and if based on a herbarium voucher, the date of the voucher collection. This study reports 12 new taxa that are not included in Eilers and Roosa\u27s (1994) checklist of the Iowa vascular flora. Fourteen species found during this inventory are included in the 2002 Iowa Natural Resource Commission list of endangered, threatened, or special concern species. Sites containing significant plant taxa in the survey area are mapped and the notable plant taxa for each of these sites are listed. The results of this survey provide a more thorough understanding of the flora in Hamilton County and in Iowa. These results are also important to conservation efforts such as habitat restoration and reconstruction, and in evaluating the habitat and abundance status of the vascular flora in Hamilton County and the state. This inventory exemplifies the need for similar extensive studies of the flora of other counties in Iowa. The development of a continuously maintained computer database of information on voucher specimens in the herbaria of Iowa would be an invaluable aid for conducting these studies

An Inventory of the Vascular Flora of Hamilton County, Iowa (2001-2004)

A botanical survey of the vascular flora of Hamilton County, Iowa was conducted from 2001 to 2004. During this survey 973 taxa (761 native) were encountered. A search of the literature and a survey of Iowa State University\u27s Ada Hayden Herbarium for additional documented specimens added 28 taxa to the flora. This total of 1001 taxa places Hamilton County fourth in vascular plant richness among inventories conducted in Iowa since 1950. A checklist including common names of most taxa, habitat and abundance data for all taxa encountered during the current survey is presented. Information on earlier collections includes source and if based on a herbarium voucher, the date of the voucher collection. This study reports 12 new taxa that are not included in Eilers and Roosa\u27s (1994) checklist of the Iowa vascular flora. Fourteen species found during this inventory are included in the 2002 Iowa Natural Resource Commission list of endangered, threatened, or special concern species. Sites containing significant plant taxa in the survey area are mapped and the notable plant taxa for each of these sites are listed. The results of this survey provide a more thorough understanding of the flora in Hamilton County and in Iowa. These results are also important to conservation efforts such as habitat restoration and reconstruction, and in evaluating the habitat and abundance status of the vascular flora in Hamilton County and the state. This inventory exemplifies the need for similar extensive studies of the flora of other counties in Iowa. The development of a continuously maintained computer database of information on voucher specimens in the herbaria of Iowa would be an invaluable aid for conducting these studies

An Inventory of the Vascular Flora of Hamilton County, Iowa (2001-2004)

A botanical survey of the vascular flora of Hamilton County, Iowa was conducted from 2001 to 2004. During this survey 973 taxa (761 native) were encountered. A search of the literature and a survey of Iowa State University\u27s Ada Hayden Herbarium for additional documented specimens added 28 taxa to the flora. This total of 1001 taxa places Hamilton County fourth in vascular plant richness among inventories conducted in Iowa since 1950. A checklist including common names of most taxa, habitat and abundance data for all taxa encountered during the current survey is presented. Information on earlier collections includes source and if based on a herbarium voucher, the date of the voucher collection. This study reports 12 new taxa that are not included in Eilers and Roosa\u27s (1994) checklist of the Iowa vascular flora. Fourteen species found during this inventory are included in the 2002 Iowa Natural Resource Commission list of endangered, threatened, or special concern species. Sites containing significant plant taxa in the survey area are mapped and the notable plant taxa for each of these sites are listed. The results of this survey provide a more thorough understanding of the flora in Hamilton County and in Iowa. These results are also important to conservation efforts such as habitat restoration and reconstruction, and in evaluating the habitat and abundance status of the vascular flora in Hamilton County and the state. This inventory exemplifies the need for similar extensive studies of the flora of other counties in Iowa. The development of a continuously maintained computer database of information on voucher specimens in the herbaria of Iowa would be an invaluable aid for conducting these studies

An Inventory of the Vascular Flora of Hamilton County, Iowa (2001-2004)

A botanical survey of the vascular flora of Hamilton County, Iowa was conducted from 2001 to 2004. During this survey 973 taxa (761 native) were encountered. A search of the literature and a survey of Iowa State University\u27s Ada Hayden Herbarium for additional documented specimens added 28 taxa to the flora. This total of 1001 taxa places Hamilton County fourth in vascular plant richness among inventories conducted in Iowa since 1950. A checklist including common names of most taxa, habitat and abundance data for all taxa encountered during the current survey is presented. Information on earlier collections includes source and if based on a herbarium voucher, the date of the voucher collection. This study reports 12 new taxa that are not included in Eilers and Roosa\u27s (1994) checklist of the Iowa vascular flora. Fourteen species found during this inventory are included in the 2002 Iowa Natural Resource Commission list of endangered, threatened, or special concern species. Sites containing significant plant taxa in the survey area are mapped and the notable plant taxa for each of these sites are listed. The results of this survey provide a more thorough understanding of the flora in Hamilton County and in Iowa. These results are also important to conservation efforts such as habitat restoration and reconstruction, and in evaluating the habitat and abundance status of the vascular flora in Hamilton County and the state. This inventory exemplifies the need for similar extensive studies of the flora of other counties in Iowa. The development of a continuously maintained computer database of information on voucher specimens in the herbaria of Iowa would be an invaluable aid for conducting these studies

The Vascular Flora of Boone County, Iowa (2005-2008)

A vascular plant survey of Boone County, Iowa was conducted from 2005 to 2008 during which 1016 taxa (of which 761, or 75%, are native to central Iowa) were encountered (vouchered and/or observed). A search of literature and the vouchers of Iowa State University\u27s Ada Hayden Herbarium (ISC) revealed 82 additional taxa (of which 57, or 70%, are native to Iowa), unvouchered or unobserved during the current study, as having occurred in the county. This total of 1098 taxa (979 species, 57 varieties, 39 subspecies, 23 hybrids) places Boone County first in vascular plant richness among 18 published county inventories conducted in Iowa. A checklist of Boone County vascular plants including scientific names, common names, and habitat data for all 1098 taxa is presented, and abundance data is presented for taxa encountered during the current survey. This study reports 56 taxa that are not included in the Checklist of the Iowa Vascular Flora (Eilers and Roosa 1994) including an unnamed species of Oenanthe L. (water parsley) that may represent a new species. Twenty-two taxa currently or historically known from Boone County are considered to be endangered, threatened, or of special concern in the state of Iowa (Iowa Administrative Code 2002). Of the 82 historic taxa not found ( missing ) in the current survey, the proportions associated to tree-dominated habitats (35%), prairie habitats (30%), wetlands (12%), and open habitats (23%) are different (p\u3c.01) than these same proportions in the vouchered and/or observed flora (tree-dominated habitats: 53%, prairie: 15%, wetlands: 8.5%, open habitats: 23%). Sites containing uncommon and/or rare plant taxa are mapped and listed. The results of this survey provide a more thorough evaluation of the habitat and abundance of the flora in Boone County and in Iowa. Furthermore, the extensive field work conducted during this study reveals the need for appropriate natural resource management (invasive plant control, removal of woody plants encroaching on prairie remnants, etc.) on select public areas in the county. Finally, this study reveals the need for a computer database of specimens in Iowa\u27s herbaria and an online, regularly updated checklist of Iowa vascular plants utilizing current nomenclature

The Role of an Urban Tallgrass Prairie Remnant in Conservation: A Case Study in Central Iowa (USA)

Although more than 85% of Iowa (USA) was covered by tallgrass prairie at the time of settlement by Europeans in the early 19th century, less than 0.1% remains. The Richard W. Pohl State Preserve at Ames (IA) High School, surrounded on three sides by structures, roads, and other development, protects 4 ha of tallgrass prairie. The preserve, commonly referred to as Ames High Prairie (AHP), was grazed but never plowed under private ownership until its acquisition by the Ames School District in 1959. Although considered for development as a parking lot or football field in the 1960s, the residents of Ames voted in 1970 to award The Nature Conservancy (TNC) a 49-year lease to the property (until 2019). This preserve, almost completely open in the 1930s, has been subject to numerous threats, including encroachment by woody plants, entry of non-native and invasive plant species associated with human activity, and erosion associated with storm water runoff, sewer line repair, foot and bike traffic, and major flood events. Recent management activities at AHP, conducted by volunteer land stewards, high school and college students, TNC summer interns, and private contractors, has consisted of controlled burns, cutting and herbicide treatment of encroaching woody plants, manual removal and herbicide treatment of invasive herbaceous plants, and sowing of seeds (collected on site) into reopened areas. Three vascular plant inventories of the 8.9 ha preserve (1966, 1995, current study) have documented the occurrence of 465 taxa (329 native) at AHP, including 5 Iowa special concern species. This flora includes 147 native prairie plant taxa, which ranks 8th in comparison with the 26 other (and mostly larger) prairies protected as state preserves in Iowa. As a vegetation remnant, AHP protects tallgrass prairie taxa and their gene pools, maintains an example of historically abundant (but now scarce) tallgrass prairie vegetation, and provides citizens an opportunity to experience prairie

Stereospecific decarboylative allylation of sulfones

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://doi.org/10.1021/ja104196x.Allyl sulfonyl acetic esters undergo highly stereospecific, palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative allylation. The reaction allows the stereospecific formation of tertiary homoallylic sulfones in high yield. In contrast to related reactions that proceed at -100 °C and require highly basic preformed organometallics, the decarboxylative coupling described herein occurs under mild non-basic conditions and requires no stoichiometric additives. Allylation of the intermediate α-sulfonyl anion is more rapid than racemization, leading to a highly enantiospecific process. DFT calculations indicate that the barrier for racemization is 9.9 kcal/mol and thus the barrier of allylation must be <9.9 kcal/mol

Vaccine breakthrough hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs

Life-threatening `breakthrough' cases of critical COVID-19 are attributed to poor or waning antibody response to the SARS- CoV-2 vaccine in individuals already at risk. Pre-existing autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs underlie at least 15% of critical COVID-19 pneumonia cases in unvaccinated individuals; however, their contribution to hypoxemic breakthrough cases in vaccinated people remains unknown. Here, we studied a cohort of 48 individuals ( age 20-86 years) who received 2 doses of an mRNA vaccine and developed a breakthrough infection with hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia 2 weeks to 4 months later. Antibody levels to the vaccine, neutralization of the virus, and auto- Abs to type I IFNs were measured in the plasma. Forty-two individuals had no known deficiency of B cell immunity and a normal antibody response to the vaccine. Among them, ten (24%) had auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs (aged 43-86 years). Eight of these ten patients had auto-Abs neutralizing both IFN-a2 and IFN-., while two neutralized IFN-omega only. No patient neutralized IFN-ss. Seven neutralized 10 ng/mL of type I IFNs, and three 100 pg/mL only. Seven patients neutralized SARS-CoV-2 D614G and the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) efficiently, while one patient neutralized Delta slightly less efficiently. Two of the three patients neutralizing only 100 pg/mL of type I IFNs neutralized both D61G and Delta less efficiently. Despite two mRNA vaccine inoculations and the presence of circulating antibodies capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs may underlie a significant proportion of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia cases, highlighting the importance of this particularly vulnerable population

Exploring its antecedents and types

Building on recent engagement research, this study contributes to a deepened understanding of business actor engagement (BAE) dimensions that includes both behaviors and emotions. Following a systematic combining approach, this study contextualizes and clarifies BAE. Through an analysis of dyadic data (providing firm and customers), we offer in-depth knowledge of the antecedents and types of BAE. This study identifies engagement disposition combined with engagement connectedness as the antecedents of an engagement initiative's overall BAE. Building on these dynamics, we propose a conceptual BAE framework with a set of testable propositions that links BAE with its proposed antecedents. Finally, we use the empirical and theoretical insights to derive a BAE taxonomy consisting of four types that offers guidance on how to manage customers with different engagement characteristics in practice.peerReviewe