Worship Traditions in Pictorial Poetry

Praying to a deity for the sake of devotion is called worship. Tolkappiyam, the oldest book of Tamil, beautifully demonstrates that the deity has always been given priority in Tamil society. Even today, when we start an activity, it is customary for the Tamil community to start worshipping the deities of their clans and the deities of their choice. Worship arises from the lifestyle of the worshippers. Faith in God arises on the basis of the kind of social system a society has created and the system in which it receives its external necessities of life, such as food, clothing, and books. Just as the deities worshipped differed, so did the methods of worship in various ways. This can be understood from the literature created during the respective periods. That the worship of God was the first act of any action is evidenced by the fact that whatever kind of literature it may be, it began with the prayer to God. The pictorial poems, which are highlighted as one of the four poets sung together with the richness of literature combining painting, mathematics, and musical skills, are often sung in praise of God. Although there are many varieties of pictorial poems, among them, the types of pictorial poems that are in the form of bandham (a type) are the vehicles of God and are written in a form of worship associated with a God, which enriches the cult tradition of the Tamil community. In this way, the study identifies the pictorial poems arranged in the categories of Naga Bandham, Peacock Bandham, Anna Bandham, Vel Bandham, Ratha Bandham, Sivalinga Bandham, Malai Bandham, and Kamala Bandham

ISOLATION OF TAXOL PRODUCING FUSICOCCUM SPECIES FROM CURRY LEAF AND ITS RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA ANALYSIS

ABSTRACTObjective: The potential compound of taxol has been used treatment of cancer in the medical field. This study is focused on the extraction of taxolfrom Fusicoccum sp.Methods: The pathogenic strain was grown in MID medium for the taxol production and extracted from the Fusicoccum culture filtrate and processedto the ultraviolet (UV)-spectroscopy analysis as well as infrared (IR) spectra analysis was done, and the sample was performed to the high-performancecolumn chromatography and further processed to the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of specific primer is PGFO1, PGFO2 areperformed.Results: UV-visible spectral analysis showed maximum value for 273 nm. The result of IR-spectrum analysis to find out the functional groups presentin sample and characteristic peak to conform the existences of OH group. The presence of taxol was confirmed using column chromatography.An analysis of taxol production was on the external standard of authentic taxol. The column chromatography process shows the amount of taxolproduction by Fusicoccum spp. 325 µg/L. RAPD analysis indicates the genetic relation among all isolates of fungus was analyzed by two randomprimers PGF01 and PGF02.Conclusion: The present investigation revealed that the taxol production from biological source was a significant effect, and the presence of taxolamount is analysis in Fusicoccum sp. 325 µg/L. The RAPD analysis of genetic stability of in vitro grown fungus and genotypic with two differentprimers shows that five fungus species with corresponding primer efficiency was amplified.Keywords: Taxol production, Fusicoccum sp., Ultraviolet-spectroscopy, Infrared, Spectrum analysis, Scanning electron microscopy

Nanotechnology and Protective Clothing for Defence Personnel

Defence personnel face multiple threats from different quarters, like terrorist groups and rogue nations, who own not only advanced lethal weapons but also chemical and biological warfare weapons. The present day protective clothing system used by the defence sector is vulnerable to modern weapons and also have some inherent weaknesses like high cost, bulkiness and discomfort in wearing. Nanotechnology- based materials offer a promising future in this areadue to their extraordinary physical, chemical, mechanical, and electrical properties at nano-level.This paper outlines the various developments related to the application of nanotechnology inproducing lightweight and comfortable protective clothing for the military personnel and also some new developments like sensor, energy storage, conductivity, and decontaminant fabrics.Defence Science Journal, 2008, 58(4), pp.451-459, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.58.166

Database Management of Vedaranyam Taluk, Nagappattinam District, Tamilnadu using Geographic Information System (GIS)

GIS, known as geographical information system, is the latest tool, a computer system for capturing, storing, checking, integrating, manipulating, analysis in and displacing data related to positions on the Earth’s surface. Typically, a geographical information system or (spatial information system) is used for handling maps of one or another. These might be represented as several different layers each layer holds about a particular kind of feature is linked to a position on the graphically image of a map. With the help of GIS a data base management  including data or demography, occupation, education, health, drinking water, power, telecommunication, roads/transportation, banks& commercial  institutions, agriculture, sanitation, common property resources ,employment, forestry, industries,  marketing facilities, etc.The scope of the work involves  1, data pertaining to geological and geophysical resources, human resources, social and economic infrastructure, etc. should be collected, collected, updated, and retrieval on regular basis, 2, generation of real time, reliable database on natural resources, socio-economic, agro- climatic condition, financial, institutional and environmental data using geo- informatics and 3, data base to cater to the needs of planning sharing information to various user organizations with necessary data analysis, etc and would act as a centralized data base for state govt. department/ institutions/ institutions involved in  development planning

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES A breakthrough in health care textiles -antiviral surgical gown

Abstract The surgical gowns were originally used to protect patients from post-surgery infection caused by contaminants in the environment. In the recent health care scenario, the function of surgical gowns has become bidirectional. They serve to minimize the cross-infection between patients and health care workers. The health care workers are mainly being exposed to various blood borne pathogens when performing surgeries or post surgeries. The surgical gowns are specifically used to protect the health care workers from being exposed to infectious agent's particularly bloodborne pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B and C virus, which could be acquired by contact between the contaminated body fluids and non-intact skin or mucous membranes. Health care workers in operating rooms, isolation areas, emergency rooms and intensive care units are in absolute and essential necessity of Protective clothing. As a part of personal protection, surgical gowns are used as protective equipment, widely in healthcare facilities. Surgical gowns can be constructed by either single-use materials or reusable materials. Each of these has their own advantages and disadvantages. Woven reusable surgical gowns can be made of tightly woven all-cotton muslin, blended sheeting, polyester sheeting and composite materials

Effect of hydrochloric acid treated neetle fibre on oil absorbency

332-337Hydrochloric acid (HCl) treatment on nettle fibres has been performed to improve the oil absorbency. Box-Behnken experimental design is used to study the influence of parameters, such as treatment time, treatment temperature and concentration on oil absorbency. It is observed that the maximum oil absorbency of 15.39 g/g of nettle fibres is achieved at 2 % of HCl concentration, 75°C of treatment temperature and 60 min of treatment time. Scanning electron microscopic study reveals that the raw nettle fibre surface exhibits waxy and protruding parts, and on HCl treatment the surface becomes rougher. The influence of other parameters such as stirring speed, environmental temperature and reusability on oil absorbency is also studied. Oil sorbed nettle fibres are also subjected to soil burial tests and burning tests. In conclusion, the raw nettle fibres only show an oil absorbency of 9.25 (g/g), whereas HCl treated nettle fibres show a maximum oil absorbency of 15.39 g/g

Effect of hydrochloric acid treated neetle fibre on oil absorbency

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) treatment on nettle fibres has been performed to improve the oil absorbency. Box-Behnken experimental design is used to study the influence of parameters, such as treatment time, treatment temperature and concentration on oil absorbency. It is observed that the maximum oil absorbency of 15.39 g/g of nettle fibres is achieved at 2 % of HCl concentration, 75°C of treatment temperature and 60 min of treatment time. Scanning electron microscopic study reveals that the raw nettle fibre surface exhibits waxy and protruding parts, and on HCl treatment the surface becomes rougher. The influence of other parameters such as stirring speed, environmental temperature and reusability on oil absorbency is also studied. Oil sorbed nettle fibres are also subjected to soil burial tests and burning tests. In conclusion, the raw nettle fibres only show an oil absorbency of 9.25 (g/g), whereas HCl treated nettle fibres show a maximum oil absorbency of 15.39 g/g.

Cotton in the new millennium: advances, economics, perceptions and problems

Cotton is the most significant natural fibre and has been a preferred choice of the textile industry and consumers since the industrial revolution began. The share of man-made fibres, both regenerated and synthetic fibres, has grown considerably in recent times but cotton production has also been on the rise and accounts for about half of the fibres used for apparel and textile goods. To cotton’s advantage, the premium attached to the presence of cotton fibre and the general positive consumer perception is well established, however, compared to commodity man-made fibres and high performance fibres, cotton has limitations in terms of its mechanical properties but can help to overcome moisture management issues that arise with performance apparel during active wear. This issue of Textile Progress aims to: i. Report on advances in cotton cultivation and processing as well as improvements to conventional cotton cultivation and ginning. The processing of cotton in the textile industry from fibre to finished fabric, cotton and its blends, and their applications in technical textiles are also covered. ii. Explore the economic impact of cotton in different parts of the world including an overview of global cotton trade. iii. Examine the environmental perception of cotton fibre and efforts in organic and genetically-modified (GM) cotton production. The topic of naturally-coloured cotton, post-consumer waste is covered and the environmental impacts of cotton cultivation and processing are discussed. Hazardous effects of cultivation, such as the extensive use of pesticides, insecticides and irrigation with fresh water, and consequences of the use of GM cotton and cotton fibres in general on the climate are summarised and the effects of cotton processing on workers are addressed. The potential hazards during cotton cultivation, processing and use are also included. iv. Examine how the properties of cotton textiles can be enhanced, for example, by improving wrinkle recovery and reducing the flammability of cotton fibre

Rapid and Accurate Prediction and Scoring of Water Molecules in Protein Binding Sites

Water plays a critical role in ligand-protein interactions. However, it is still challenging to predict accurately not only where water molecules prefer to bind, but also which of those water molecules might be displaceable. The latter is often seen as a route to optimizing affinity of potential drug candidates. Using a protocol we call WaterDock, we show that the freely available AutoDock Vina tool can be used to predict accurately the binding sites of water molecules. WaterDock was validated using data from X-ray crystallography, neutron diffraction and molecular dynamics simulations and correctly predicted 97% of the water molecules in the test set. In addition, we combined data-mining, heuristic and machine learning techniques to develop probabilistic water molecule classifiers. When applied to WaterDock predictions in the Astex Diverse Set of protein ligand complexes, we could identify whether a water molecule was conserved or displaced to an accuracy of 75%. A second model predicted whether water molecules were displaced by polar groups or by non-polar groups to an accuracy of 80%. These results should prove useful for anyone wishing to undertake rational design of new compounds where the displacement of water molecules is being considered as a route to improved affinity