Optimization of diamond optomechanical crystal cavities

Due to recent development of growing and processing techniques for high-quality single crystal diamond, the large scale production of diamond optomechanical crystal cavities becomes feasible, enabling optomechanical devices that can operate in higher mechanical frequencies and be coupled to two-level systems based on diamond color centers. In this paper we describe a design optimization method to produce diamond optomechanical crystal (OMC) cavities operating at the high-cooperativity regime (close to unity) at room temperature

Silicon anisotropy in a bi-dimensional optomechanical cavity

In this work, we study the effects of mechanical anisotropy in a 2D optomechanical crystal geometry. We fabricate and measure devices with different orientations, showing the dependence of the mechanical spectrum and the optomechanical coupling with the relative angle of the device to the crystallography directions of silicon. Our results show that the device orientation strongly affects its mechanical band structure, which makes the devices more susceptible to fabrication imperfections. Finally, we show that our device is compatible with cryogenic measurements reaching ground state occupancy of 0.2 phonons at mK temperature.Comment: 5 pages 4 figure

Respostas produtiva e fisiológica de vacas de cria nelore em pastejo à suplementação mineral e protéico-energética na seca.

Objetivos: monitorar o metabolismo ósseo de vacas durante o ciclo reprodutivo, caracterizando os períodos de reabsorção/reposição de osso e estudar a resposta óssea à suplementação de nutrientes durante fases definidas do ciclo reprodutivo.bitstream/item/137708/1/PESQ-EM-ANDAMENTO-53.pdfCNPGC

Severe Obesity Shifts Metabolic Thresholds but Does Not Attenuate Aerobic Training Adaptations in Zucker Rats

Severe obesity affects metabolism with potential to influence the lactate and glycemic response to different exercise intensities in untrained and trained rats. Here we evaluated metabolic thresholds and maximal aerobic capacity in rats with severe obesity and lean counterparts at pre- and post-training. Zucker rats (obese: n = 10, lean: n = 10) were submitted to constant treadmill bouts, to determine the maximal lactate steady state, and an incremental treadmill test, to determine the lactate threshold, glycemic threshold and maximal velocity at pre and post 8 weeks of treadmill training. Velocities of the lactate threshold and glycemic threshold agreed with the maximal lactate steady state velocity on most comparisons. The maximal lactate steady state velocity occurred at higher percentage of the maximal velocity in Zucker rats at pre-training than the percentage commonly reported and used for training prescription for other rat strains (i.e., 60%) (obese = 78 +/- 9% and lean = 68 +/- 5%, P 0.05), whereas increase in maximal velocity was greater in the obese group (P < 0.05 vs. lean). In conclusion, lactate threshold, glycemic threshold and maximal lactate steady state occurred at similar exercise intensity in Zucker rats at pre- and post-training. Severe obesity shifted metabolic thresholds to higher exercise intensity at pre-training, but did not attenuate submaximal and maximal aerobic training adaptations.Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Grad Program Translat Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Catolica Brasilia, Grad Program Phys Educ & Hlth, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Nephrol, Sao Paulo, BrazilSao Paulo State Univ, Dept Phys Educ, Human Performance Lab, Rio Claro, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Physiol, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Grad Program Translat Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Nephrol, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Physiol, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Estudos sobre a paz e cultura da paz

Segundo o autor, a cultura da paz implica uma mudança quer na forma como a “alta cultura” lida com a realidade quer no tipo de abordagem que o senso comum faz às relações sociais, sendo que a ruptura com a ideologia conservadora, ou seja, com o senso comum realista só é possível graças a estas alterações. O autor realça tanto a importância que os estudos sobre a paz têm para o surgimento de um conceito amplo de paz, desenvolvido por Johan Galtung, como o facto destes estarem estrategicamente orientados para a transformação do sistema internacional. Sequentemente, conclui que a paz é uma categoria moral e cultural que só pode ser alcançada através do comportamento quotidian

Dose única de zinco como fator moderador do estresse metabólico na desmama de bovinos de corte.

Nos registros de fazendas de gado de corte, é notório que as maiores perdas no rebanho ocorrem no terço inicial da vida do animal. Este fato possivelmente está associado com o manejo de matrizes em pastos de baixo valor nutricional, que somado a uma suplementação mineral inadequada, predispõem os bezerros a uma deficiência subclínica de zinco (Zn). O resultado é que os bezerros produzidos nessa situação normalmente são fracos e portadores de distúrbios nutricionais que, além de influenciar os demais estados mórbidos, os tornam mais susceptíveis a doenças resultantes de um estresse prolongado. O estresse acelera o consumo de Zn e a principal conseqüência da alteração metabólica é a falta de apetite e depressão da resposta imune aos agentes agressores. A aplicação oral de 300 mg de zinco/10 ml de água em bezerros nelores, desmamados aos 90 dias, em comparação ao grupo sem Zn, resultou em um aumento altamente significativo (P<0,001) 13,7% aos 120 e 11,8% aos 150 dias no peso vivo pós-desmama.bitstream/item/105013/1/COT71.pdfCNPGC

Avaliacao da deficiencia subclínica de zinco em vacas de cria e a relacao com a higidez de seus bezerros.

De um modo geral, as concentracoes de zinco nas braquiarias sao bastante baixas, nao atendendo as necessidades de bovinos em pastejo na maioria das categorias. As vacas de cria formam a categoria do rebanho mais predisposta a esse tipo de deficiencia, por seus elevados requisitos nutricionais, ao tempo que permanecem no rebanho, e por serem destinadas a elas geralmente as piores areas de pastagens. Resultados de analises de forrageiras nativas e cultivadas das areas de cerrado, realizadas no laboratorio da Embrapa Gado de Corte, demonstraram que 90% das amostras apresentaram teores de Zn abaixo do nível considerado minimo (20 ppm) para um bom desempenho animal. O principal objetivo e evidenciar a relacao entre a suplementacao de zinco das vacas e a resposta do sistema imunologico de bezerros.bitstream/item/105024/1/COT65.pdfCNPGC

Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.

Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such "monodominant" forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors