Key Performance Indicators for the Nato Centres of Excellence

Abstract The NATO Centres of Excellence (COEs), entities involved in various fields of transformation in support of the Alliance, are subject of different levels of accreditation performed by NATO. An important aspect of such recognition comes with the NATO institutional accreditation for Quality Assurance (QA) in the case of the COEs involved in education and training delivery (alongside other NATO, National and Partner Education and Training Centres). The NATO QA seal is the trustworthy mark that a COE fulfils the expected quality requirements (based on a solid Quality Management System) in the educational process, and provides deliverables "fit for purpose" as solutions for the NATO education and training requirements. While the individual strategies of the COEs are pretty much different in this endeavour, we would outline the commonality of the standards they rely on. This paper focuses on institutional performance measurement as reference in the Quality Management System, trying to identify benchmarks for Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) based on the current experience at the COEs level - extended to the wider NATO Transformation Network - and shared best practice. DISCLAIMER: This paper expresses the views, interpretations, and independent position of the authors. It should not be regarded as an official document, nor expressing formal opinions or policies, of NATO or the HUMINT Centre of Excellence (HCOE

OppNet: Enabling citizen-centric urban IoT data collection through opportunistic connectivity service

Urban IoT data collection is challenging due to the limitations of the fixed sensing infrastructures. Instead of transmitting data directly through expensive cellular networks, citizen-centric data collection scheme through opportunistic network takes advantage of human mobility as well as cheap WiFi and D2D communication. In this paper, we present OppNet, which implements a context aware data forwarding algorithm and fills the gap between theoretical modelling of opportunistic networking and real deployment of citizen-centric data collection system. According to the results from a 3-day real-life experiment, OppNet shows consistent performance in terms of number of hops and time delay. Moreover, the underlying social structure can be clearly identified by analysing social contact data collected through OppNet

Code Quality Evaluation Methodology Using The ISO/IEC 9126 Standard

This work proposes a methodology for source code quality and static behaviour evaluation of a software system, based on the standard ISO/IEC-9126. It uses elements automatically derived from source code enhanced with expert knowledge in the form of quality characteristic rankings, allowing software engineers to assign weights to source code attributes. It is flexible in terms of the set of metrics and source code attributes employed, even in terms of the ISO/IEC-9126 characteristics to be assessed. We applied the methodology to two case studies, involving five open source and one proprietary system. Results demonstrated that the methodology can capture software quality trends and express expert perceptions concerning system quality in a quantitative and systematic manner.Comment: 20 pages, 14 figure

Managing pervasive sensing campaigns via an experimentation-as-a-service platform for smart cities

The adoption of technologies like the IoT in urban environments, together with the intensive use of smartphones, is driving transformation towards smart cities. Under this perspective, Experimentation-as-a-Service within OrganiCity aims to create an experimental facility with technologies, services, and applications that simplify innovation within urban ecosystems. We discuss here tools that facilitate experimentation, implementing ways to organize, execute, and administer experimentation campaigns in a smart city context. We discuss the benefits of our framework, presenting some preliminary results. This is the first time such tools are paired with large-scale smart city infrastructures, enabling both city-scale experimentation and cross-site experimentation.This work was partially supported by the OrganiCity research project funded by the European Union, under the grant agreement No. 645198 of the Horizon 2020 research and innovation progra

Co-creating the cities of the future

In recent years, the evolution of urban environments, jointly with the progress of the Information and Communication sector, have enabled the rapid adoption of new solutions that contribute to the growth in popularity of Smart Cities. Currently, the majority of the world population lives in cities encouraging different stakeholders within these innovative ecosystems to seek new solutions guaranteeing the sustainability and efficiency of such complex environments. In this work, it is discussed how the experimentation with IoT technologies and other data sources form the cities can be utilized to co-create in the OrganiCity project, where key actors like citizens, researchers and other stakeholders shape smart city services and applications in a collaborative fashion. Furthermore, a novel architecture is proposed that enables this organic growth of the future cities, facilitating the experimentation that tailors the adoption of new technologies and services for a better quality of life, as well as agile and dynamic mechanisms for managing cities. In this work, the different components and enablers of the OrganiCity platform are presented and discussed in detail and include, among others, a portal to manage the experiment life cycle, an Urban Data Observatory to explore data assets, and an annotations component to indicate quality of data, with a particular focus on the city-scale opportunistic data collection service operating as an alternative to traditional communications.This work has been partially funded by the research project OrganiCity, under the grant agreement No. 645198 of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program

SmartSantander: IoT experimentation over a smart city testbed

This paper describes the deployment and experimentation architecture of the Internet of Things experimentation facility being deployed at Santander city. The facility is implemented within the SmartSantander project, one of the projects of the Future Internet Research and Experimentation initiative of the European Commission and represents a unique in the world city-scale experimental research facility. Additionally, this facility supports typical applications and services of a smart city. Tangible results are expected to influence the definition and specification of Future Internet architecture design from viewpoints of Internet of Things and Internet of Services. The facility comprises a large number of Internet of Things devices deployed in several urban scenarios which will be federated into a single testbed. In this paper the deployment being carried out at the main location, namely Santander city, is described. Besides presenting the current deployment, in this article the main insights in terms of the architectural design of a large-scale IoT testbed are presented as well. Furthermore, solutions adopted for implementation of the different components addressing the required testbed functionalities are also sketched out. The IoT experimentation facility described in this paper is conceived to provide a suitable platform for large scale experimentation and evaluation of IoT concepts under real-life conditions.This work is funded by research project SmartSantander, under FP7-ICT-2009-5 of the 7th Framework Programme of the European Community. Authors would like to acknowledge the collaboration with the rest of partners within the consortium leading to the results presented in this paper

Efficient handling of textual information: indexing, storing, processing and applications

The basic goal of this thesis is to explore the possibilities of the field of computer science that deals with storing and processing information in the environment that formed by the modern applications. In recent years, the information that is available in electronic form, has met an enormous growth. Thus it is necessary to develop new techniques for efficient storage and processing. Two very specific and important applications in which constantly new problems arise are, the management of biological data, such as genome sequences, and the management information from the Web, such as documents HTML, XML or shortcuts (urls). The objective is the development of data structures for indexing information so that the questions are able to be answered in less time than looking explicitly in information. Such questions are to find patterns (pattern matching) or the identification of repeated motifs (motif extraction). In particular, the issues on which this thesis has focused are: - Locating Periodicities in strings. This section provides a series of algorithms for the extraction of periodicities of strings. We propose algorithms for the extraction of maximum repetitions of the cover, period and the seed of a string. The algorithms used are based on suffix tree and they are optimal. - Weighted Sequences indexing. In the next section, the study focuses on indexing of weighted sequences, and to answer questions like finding models, pairs, covers etc. in them. The weighted sequences are sequences where each position consists of all the symbols of the alphabet in sequence, having each one a specific weight. For the management of these sequences a particular indexing structure is proposed with the name Weighted Suffix Tree, a tree with structural features similar to those of the generalized suffix tree. In this work we propose the definition of the weighted suffix tree and construction algorithms in linear time and memory space. With the utilization of weighted suffix tree on a set of weighted sequences we propose algorithms for extracting repetitive structures from a set of weighted sequences. More specifically, we propose algorithms for finding maximum pairs, repeated motifs and common patterns of more than one weighted sequences -Recommendation Algorithms for web pages using strings processing algorithms. Several web applications (Recommendation systems or cache systems) want to predict the intentions of a visitor in order to propose or to preload a webpage. For this purpose systems try to exploit any experience that is recorded in the system from previous accesses. A new method for indexing and representing of information extracted is proposed upon the recorder data, from the user accesses in log files and content pages. For extracting knowledge from these data, the information is represented as strings and then treated and processed as weighted sequences. All these sequences are indexed by a generalized weighted sequence tree.Βασική επιδίωξη της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η διερεύνηση των δυνατοτήτων του πεδίου της επιστήμης των υπολογιστών που πραγματεύεται την αποθήκευση και την επεξεργασία πληροφορίας, μέσα στο περιβάλλον που έχουν σχηματίσει οι σύγχρονες εφαρμογές. Τα τελευταία χρόνια, η πληροφορία που είναι διαθέσιμη σε ηλεκτρονική μορφή, έχει γιγαντωθεί με αποτέλεσμα να είναι αναγκαία η ανάπτυξη νέων τεχνικών για την αποτελεσματική αποθήκευση και επεξεργασία αυτής. Δύο πολύ χαρακτηριστικές και σημαντικές εφαρμογές, στις οποίες ανακύπτουν συνεχώς νέα προβλήματα, είναι η διαχείριση Βιολογικών δεδομένων, όπως π.χ. οι ακολουθίες γονιδιωμάτων, καθώς και η διαχείριση πληροφορίας από τον παγκόσμιο ιστό, όπως π.χ. τα έγγραφα HTML, XML ή οι συντομεύσεις (urls). Στόχος είναι ανάπτυξη δομών δεικτοδότησης πάνω στην πληροφορία έτσι ώστε τα σχετικά ερωτήματα με αυτή να απαντώνται αποδοτικά και πολύ πιο γρήγορα από το να ψάχναμε εκτενώς μέσα σε αυτή. Χαρακτηριστικά τέτοια ερωτήματα είναι η εύρεση προτύπων (pattern matching) ή ο εντοπισμός επαναλαμβανόμενων μοτίβων (motif extraction). Πιο συγκεκριμένα, τα θέματα στα οποία εστίασε η παρούσα διατριβή είναι τα ακόλουθα: - Εντοπισμός Περιοδικοτήτων σε συμβολοσειρές. Στην ενότητα αυτή δίνεται μια σειρά από αλγόριθμους για την εξαγωγή περιοδικοτήτων από συμβολοσειρές. Δίνονται αλγόριθμοι για την εξαγωγή μέγιστων επαναλήψεων, της περιόδου του καλύμματος και της ρίζας μιας συμβολοσειράς. Οι αλγόριθμοι αυτοί χρησιμοποιούν ως βάση το δένδρο επιθεμάτων και οι περισσότεροι από αυτούς είναι γραμμικοί. - Δεικτοδότηση Βεβαρημένων Ακολουθιών. Στην επόμενη ενότητα η μελέτη εστιάζει στην δεικτοδότηση βεβαρημένων ακολουθιών, καθώς και στην απάντηση ερωτημάτων σε αυτές όπως η εύρεση προτύπων, η εύρεση επαναλήψεων, η εύρεση καλυμμάτων, κ.α.. Οι βεβαρημένες ακολουθίες είναι ακολουθίες όπου σε κάθε θέση τους έχουμε εμφάνιση όλων των συμβόλων του αλφαβήτου της ακολουθίας, έχοντας λάβει ένα συγκεκριμένο βάρος. Οι βεβαρημένες ακολουθίες αναπαριστούν βιολογικές ακολουθίες είτε νουκλεοτιδίων είτε αμινοξέων και στην ουσία περιγράφουν την πιθανότητα εμφάνισης ενός συμβόλου του αλφαβήτου σε μια συγκεκριμένη θέση της ακολουθίας ή κάποιες συγκεκριμένες βιολογικές ιδιότητες που διαθέτουν οι ρυθμιστικές πρωτεΐνες σε κάθε θέση της ακολουθίας. Για την διαχείριση αυτών των ιδιόμορφων ακολουθιών προτείνεται ως δομή δεικτοδότησης το βεβαρημένο δένδρο επιθεμάτων (Weighted Suffix Tree), ένα δένδρο με παρόμοια δομικά χαρακτηριστικά με αυτά του γενικευμένου δένδρου επιθεμάτων. Στην παρούσα εργασία δίνεται ο ορισμός του βεβαρημένου δένδρου επιθεμάτων και αλγόριθμοι κατασκευής του σε γραμμικό χρόνο και χώρο. - Εξαγωγή μοτίβων από βεβαρημένες Ακολουθίες. Με την χρήση του βεβαρημένου δένδρου επιθεμάτων υλοποιούνται ένα σύνολο αλγόριθμων εξαγωγής επαναληπτικών δομών από βεβαρημένες ακολουθίες. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, δίνονται αλγόριθμοι για την εύρεση μέγιστων ευγών, επαναλαμβανόμενων μοτίβων και κοινών μοτίβων από περισσότερες της μίας βεβαρημένες ακολουθίες. - Αλγόριθμοι Σύστασης Σελίδων Παγκόσμιου Ιστού με χρήση τεχνικών επεξεργασίας συμβολοσειρών. Αρκετές εφαρμογές παγκόσμιου ιστού (συστήματα σύστασης ή συστήματα κρυφής μνήμης) προσπαθούν να προβλέψουν τις προθέσεις ενός επισκέπτη είτε για να του προτείνουν είτε για να προφορτώσουν μία σελίδα. Για το σκοπό αυτό προσπαθούν να εκμεταλλευτούν οποιαδήποτε εμπειρία που έχει καταγραφεί στο σύστημα από προηγούμενες προσπελάσεις. Προτείνεται νέος τρόπος δεικτοδότησης και αναπαράστασης της πληροφορίας που εξάγεται από τα διαθέσιμα δεδομένα, όπως οι προσβάσεις των χρηστών από τα logfiles και το περιεχόμενο των σελίδων. Για την εξόρυξη γνώσης από τα παραπάνω δεδομένα, αυτά αναπαριστώνται ως συμβολοσειρές και στη συνέχεια επεξεργάζονται και δεικτοδοτούνται από ένα γενικευμένο βεβαρημένο δένδρο επιθεμάτων. Το δένδρο αυτό συμπυκνώνει αποδοτικά τα πιο συχνά αλλά και πιο ουσιαστικά μοτίβα προσπελάσεων και χρησιμοποιείται, αφότου κατασκευαστεί, σαν ένα μοντέλο για την πρόβλεψη των κινήσεων τον επισκεπτών ενός ιστοτόπου