Fabrication and Characterization of a Nanofiber Composite Biosensor for Chronic Wound Inflammation Diagnosis

Chronic wounds (wounds that fail to proceed through the normal phases of wound healing and cannot restore to full function in three months) can pose physical and financial burdens on patients. The most common chronic wound is diabetic foot ulcers, which affect 6.3% of the global population [1]. Current diagnostic and tracking methods to monitor wound healing are subjective and involve visual inspection and observation of the wound as it heals. However, when dealing with chronic wounds, the wound healing process is more difficult to observe due to the delayed nature of healing. There is also a need to closely monitor the wound healing process of a diabetic ulcer, as nonhealing of the ulcer to lead to dangerous complications. Therefore, it is important to develop quick, accurate, and objective methods to diagnose and monitor the healing of chronic wounds. In this study, we report the use of biosensors to detect cytokines commonly found in the wound bed, based on impedance measurements. Many biosensor designs employ immobilization of proteins such as antibodies and other bio-recognizing elements to yield highly specific sensors. Improving the binding strength of such elements to the target analyte increases the signal-to-noise ratio of such platforms. In this study, we report the use of physical adsorption to facilitate immobilization of capture antibodies on the surface of solution blow spun (SBS) nanofiber substrates in a modified enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) approach. A multi-layered, conductive nanofiber composite was used as the base biosensor. Then, a flexible conductive silver ink was screen printed on Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) film to serve as the conductive base material. Poly (l-lactide acid) (PLA) and Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) were solution blow spun over the silver interdigitated electrode pattern to provide a hydrophobic scaffold for antibody immobilization. Physical adsorption via soaking was used to fix antibodies to the SBS PLA/MWCNT samples. Fluorescently tagged antibodies were used to verify protein adsorption along with bicinchoninic acid assay. For impedance sensing applications, an LCR meter was used to measure the impedance and phase angle of the electrode. Results show that Donkey anti-goat capture antibodies conjugated with Alexa Fluor 594 were successfully immobilized on SBS PLA/MWCNT nanofiber substrate. Qualitative fluorescent signal verified the presence of proteins on the surface. Increasing the soak time also caused an increase in fluorescent signal. BCA results showed that SBS scaffolds can adsorb protein (albumin), which is essential for proper biosensor immobilization techniques. The incorporation of carbon also generally decreased the adsorption of PLA scaffolds. However, including more PLA in the composite allowed for more protein immobilization. Additionally, SBS PLA/MWCNT remained conductive post immobilization, indicating that an electrical signal could still be obtained from a functionalized electrode. The protocol employed allows for in situ nanofiber fabrication and immobilization of antibodies for increased biosensor specificity. Results demonstrate the ability to fabricate electrodes for protein adsorption via physical adsorption on SBS MWCNT electrodes. Future efforts will be focused on optimizing electrical signal-to-noise ratio and making the biosensors more uniform, which can potentially help reduce variability during testing

CONCEALMENT APPROACH ABSTRACT THOUGHT OF USER UPLOADED PICTURES ON DATA SHARING SITES

Our jobs are associated with works according to privacy configuration within crack houses, recommendation systems, additionally to privacy analysis of internet images. The majority of the content discussing websites will grant users to go in the privacy preferences.  We advise an adaptive privacy conjecture system to help users make privacy settings intended for their images to look at social context, image content, additionally to metadata as achievable indicators of user privacy preference. The suggested plan will handle pictures of user printed, additionally to factors that influence privacy settings of images for example impact of social setting additionally to non-public characteristics and role of image content additionally to metadata. The forecasted system provides you with comprehensive structure to infer privacy preferences on foundation information created for any specified user and includes two primary building for example Adaptive Privacy Conjecture-Social additionally to Core. Adaptive privacy conjecture core will spotlight on analyzing of each and every individual user own image additionally to metadata, while adaptive privacy conjecture-social will have a residential district outlook during privacy means of user privacy enhancement

Analysis of Behavioral Characteristics of Multiple Blackhole Attacks with TCP and UDP Connections in Mobile ADHOC Networks based on Machine Learning Algorithms

In Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET’s), a suit of nodes which are under mobility work together to transmit data packets in a multiple-hop manner without relying on any fixed or centralized infrastructure. A significant obstacle in managing these networks is identifying malicious nodes, or "black holes". To detect black holes, we proposed a method involves broadcasting a Cseq to the neighboring nodes and awaiting the node's response is utilized. This Network is simulated with 25 number of nodes connected with TCP connection and observed the different behavioural characteristics of nodes. Then the connections are changed to UDP and observed the characteristics. Then characteristics are analyzed with different machine learning algorithms. The network is simulated in NS2 environment

A HYBRID TECHNIQUE FOR PAPR REDUCTION OF OFDM USING DHT PRECODING WITH PIECEWISE LINEAR COMPANDING

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a fascinating approach for wireless communication applications which require huge amount of data rates. However, OFDM signal suffers from its large Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR), which results in significant distortion while passing through a nonlinear device, such as a transmitter high power amplifier (HPA). Due to this high PAPR, the complexity of HPA as well as DAC also increases. For the reduction of PAPR in OFDM many techniques are available. Among them companding is an attractive low complexity technique for the OFDM signal’s PAPR reduction. Recently, a piecewise linear companding technique is recommended aiming at minimizing companding distortion. In this paper, a collective piecewise linear companding approach with Discrete Hartley Transform (DHT) method is expected to reduce peak-to-average of OFDM to a great extent. Simulation results shows that this new proposed method obtains significant PAPR reduction while maintaining improved performance in the Bit Error Rate (BER) and Power Spectral Density (PSD) compared to piecewise linear companding method

Telecommunication for Advance Care Planning in Heart Failure

Heart failure is a chronic illness that carries a significant burden for patients, caregivers and health systems alike. The integration of palliative care and telehealth is a growing area of interest in heart failure management to help alleviate these burdens. This review focuses on the incorporation of advance care planning for complex decision-making in heart failure in the setting of increasing virtual care and telehealth. The review will also consider the role of virtual education for advance care planning and serious illness communication. Telecommunication for clinical care and clinical education are both described as non-inferior to in-person methods. Nevertheless, more research is needed to discern best practices and the optimal integration of methods

A review of current techniques for the evaluation of powder mixing

Blending a mixture of powders to a homogeneous system is a crucial step in many manufacturing processes. To achieve a high quality of the end product, powder mixtures should be made with high content uniformity. For instance, producing uniform tablets depends on the homogeneous dispersion of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), often in low level quantities, into excipients. To control the uniformity of a powder mixture, the first required step is to estimate the powder content information during blending. There are several powder homogeneity evaluation techniques which differ in accuracy, fundamental basis, cost and operating conditions. In this article, emerging techniques for the analysis of powder content and powder blend uniformity, are explained and compared. The advantages and drawbacks of all the techniques are reviewed to help the readers to select the appropriate equipment for the powder mixing evaluation. In addition, the paper highlights the recent innovative on-line measurement techniques used for the non-invasive evaluation of the mixing performance