Li-Fi: The Future Technology

Li-Fi is a wireless technology which provides the connectivity within large area network. The main objective of this technology is we can transmit the data using light illumination using light emitting diodes and radio frequency is used in Wi-Fi and LED bulb light intensity is faster than human eye that cannot follow. One germen phycist-Prof Harald Haas an expert in optical wireless communications at the University of Edinburgh, he demonstrated how an LED bulb equipped with signal processing technology could stream a high-definition video to a computer. By using this technology a 1 watt LED light bulb would be enough to provide net connectivity to more than one computers. This technology termed as "light fidelity". This technology provides transfer data more securely with higher data rates and high speed and high intensity. This technology is still under research and further exploitation could lead to wide applications

Low-smoke chulha in Indian slums: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Background Biomass fuel is used as a primary cooking source by more than half of the world’s population, contributing to a high burden of disease. Although cleaner fuels are available, some households continue using solid fuels because of financial constraints and absence of infrastructure, especially in non-notified slums. The present study documents a randomised controlled study investigating the efficacy of improved cookstove on the personal exposure to air pollution and the respiratory health of women and children in an Indian slum. The improved cookstove was based on co-creation of a low-smoke chulha with local communities in order to support adaption and sustained uptake. Methods The study will be conducted in a non-notified slum called Ashrayanagar in Bangalore, India. The study design will be a 1:1 randomised controlled intervention trial, including 250 households. The intervention group will receive an improved cookstove (low-smoke chulha) and the control group will continue using either the traditional cookstove (chulha) or a combination of the traditional stove and the kerosene/diesel stove. Follow-up time is 1 year. Outcomes include change in lung function (FEV1/FVC), incidence of pneumonia, change in personal PM2.5 and CO exposure, incidence of respiratory symptoms (cough, phlegm, wheeze and shortness of breath), prevalence of other related symptoms (headache and burning eyes), change in behaviour and adoption of the stove. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Indian Institute of Public Health Hyderabad- Bengaluru Campus. Discussion The findings from this study aim to provide insight into the effects of improved cookstoves in urban slums. Results can give evidence for the decrease of indoor air pollution and the improvement of respiratory health for children and women. Trial registration The trial was registered with clinicaltrials.gov on 21 June 2016 with the identifier NCT02821650; A Study to Test the Impact of an Improved Chulha on the Respiratory Health of Women and Children in Indian Slums

Identification of captopril drug as a repurposable therapeutic candidate for COVID-19 treatment

Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic more than 265 million people are infected with more than 5 million deaths across the world. On November 26 WHO designated B.1.1.529 (omicron) as a variant of concern. The search for an effective and appropriate drug to manage COVID-19 remains a big challenge. Here we investigate whether a captopril drug can be repurposed for COVID-19. The first angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor is captopril. To cure heart failure and high blood pressure, captopril is used alone or in combination with other drugs. The COVID-19 S protein binds strongly to the angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, an enzyme that physiologically counteracts renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity while also acting as a receptor for the COVID-19 virus. Methods: Using machine learning approaches, We have implemented a multi-modal pipeline (DrugX), containing 14 modules that were constructed using different approaches like chemical information, target-based, docking-based, symptom-based, target-based, and circuit-based to check whether a drug is repurposed for COVID-19. Here, we describe the effectiveness of the captopril drug for repurposing in COVID-19 based on the analysis of modules of the DrugX pipeline. Results and conclusion: We reported that the captopril drug had similar features to COVID-19 medication based on deep learning modules that utilize chemoinformatics properties. The drug captopril also showed the interaction with COVID-19 targets, and it reported similar symptoms as COVID-19. The study concludes that captopril regulates UP/DOWN gene expression of the ACE2 gene. The DrugX pipeline gave a SI score of 8 (sum of all categorical values of all modules) and a Pi score of 0.57 (total executed tools run/SI score) to the captopril drug. Out of 14 modules, captopril obtained a score of 0 in 6 modules and 1 in 8 modules (100%). The captopril drug predicts a high score indicating its repurposing properties for COVID-19

Data from: Low-smoke chulha in Indian slums: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Background: Biomass fuel is used as a primary cooking source by more than half of the world’s population, contributing to a high burden of disease. Although cleaner fuels are available, some households continue using solid fuels because of financial constraints and absence of infrastructure, especially in non-notified slums. The present study documents a randomised controlled study investigating the efficacy of improved cookstove on the personal exposure to air pollution and the respiratory health of women and children in an Indian slum. The improved cookstove was based on co-creation of a low-smoke chulha with local communities in order to support adaption and sustained uptake. Methods: The study will be conducted in a non-notified slum called Ashrayanagar in Bangalore, India. The study design will be a 1:1 randomised controlled intervention trial, including 250 households. The intervention group will receive an improved cookstove (low-smoke chulha) and the control group will continue using either the traditional cookstove (chulha) or a combination of the traditional stove and the kerosene/diesel stove. Follow-up time is 1 year. Outcomes include change in lung function (FEV1/FVC), incidence of pneumonia, change in personal PM2.5 and CO exposure, incidence of respiratory symptoms (cough, phlegm, wheeze and shortness of breath), prevalence of other related symptoms (headache and burning eyes), change in behaviour and adoption of the stove. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Indian Institute of Public Health HyderabadBengaluru Campus. Discussion: The findings from this study aim to provide insight into the effects of improved cookstoves in urban slums. Results can give evidence for the decrease of indoor air pollution and the improvement of respiratory health for children and women

Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Mathematics and Computational Sciences (ICAMCS-2022)

It is a great privilege for us to present the abstract book of ICAMCS-2022 to the authors and the delegates of the event. We hope that you will find it useful, valuable, aspiring, and inspiring. This book is a record of abstracts of the keynote talks, invited talks, and papers presented by the participants, which indicates the progress and state of development in research at the time of writing the research article. It is an invaluable asset to all researchers. The book provides a permanent record of this asset. Conference Title: 2nd International Conference on Applied Mathematics and Computational SciencesConference Acronym: ICAMCS-2022Conference Date: 12-14 October 2022Conference Organizers: DIT University, Dehradun, IndiaConference Mode: Online (Virtual